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900 articles for “process design”
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LQR-Based Optimal Control of Inverted Pendulum System with State Estimation and Stability Analysis
Abstract: The inverted pendulum on a cart is a canonical benchmark problem in control systems engineering, capturing the essential challenges of stabilizing an inherently unstable, underactuated, and nonlinear plant. Classical Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers, while widely employed in industrial practice, exhibit fundamental performance limitations when applied to such systems, primarily due to their inability to account for multivariable coupling, process noise, and the absence of a systematic optimization framework. This paper presents …
Published in International Journal of Advanced Control and System Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 31–43 Read article
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Potential, Principles, and Applications of Microwave Energy
Abstract: Microwave energy 300 MHz to 300 GHz electromagnetic radiation is essential to modern science and technology. Its applications include telecommunications, medicine, industrial processing, and renewable energy, despite its association with kitchen appliances. Microwave energy generation, transmission, and material interaction are covered in this article. It emphasises wireless communication, radar, medical therapies, and microwave- assisted chemical processes. The study also examines new developments in microwave engineering, such as the creation of …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 34–39 Read article
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Critical Review on Multifunctional Polymer Composites for Weight Reduction and AI Based Battery Thermal Management in Electric Vehicles
Abstract: The rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) has intensified the need for advanced materials and intelligent control systems capable of improving energy efficiency, driving range, thermal safety, and overall vehicle sustainability. This paper presents a critical review of multifunctional polymer composites and artificial intelligence-based battery thermal management systems (AI-BTMS) for next-generation EV applications. Polymer composites reinforced with carbon fibers, graphene, boron nitride, nanoclays, and carbon nanotubes offer significant advantages over …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 603–619 Read article
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Literature of Green Architecture
Abstract: The term green architecture implies the use of environmental principles as the basis when designing buildings. In this perspective, the architecture of the future aims at synthesizing nature, technology, science, and even the imagination in the construction industry. The following paper explores green architecture on a generalized basis, which discusses its basic features, practices and the repercussions of green design on environmental sustainability. A key component of eco-architecture is to …
Published in International Journal of Urban Design and Development · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 47–53 Read article
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A Comprehensive Review of FinFet Technology: Advantages, Challenges and Applications
Abstract: This has been complemented by improvements on the new layers that have surpassed the manufactures planar transistor by the new FinFET (Fin Field-Effect Transistor), which enhance modern demands on high performance, small size and low power consumption. This review is for a timely information on the latest development on FinFET technology, such as by curbing leakage currents by 50 percent and enhancing its speed by 30 percent proving that FinFETs …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Review paper on Design and Development of Miniature Moving Magnet Pulse Tube Cryocooler
Abstract: Developing a miniature moving magnet pulse tube cryocooler to address the limitations in existing cryocooler technologies, especially in terms of compactness, lightweight design, durability, and maintenance-free operation, aligns with the demands of modern applications, particularly in space and similar environments. Integrating a miniature compressor and motor is essential for the functionality of the cryocooler. The design should prioritize efficiency and reliability while addressing challenges related to vibrations and maintenance commonly …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 194–205 Read article
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A Study on Science Teachers’ Perception of Newly Developed Science Workbooks and Their Effectiveness in Fostering Scientific Attitude in Learners
Abstract: This study examines science teachers’ perceptions of newly developed science workbooks and evaluates their effectiveness in fostering scientific attitude among learners. Using a structured opinionnaire, the research gathered comprehensive feedback from teachers across multiple grade levels regarding the clarity, relevance, and pedagogical value of the workbooks. Analysis of opinionnaire responses revealed strong teacher agreement regarding the workbook’s clarity, activity-based structure, and alignment with curriculum goals. Teachers reported noticeable improvements in …
Published in International Journal of Education Sciences · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 82–90 Read article
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Evaluation of Critical MMAW Welding Defects Using Computer Simulation in Industrial Manufacturing Systems
Abstract: Manufacturing is one of the key sectors of any countries GDP and welding is one of the prime manufacturing processes of the manufacturing sector. Welding has several notable advantages over mechanical joining techniques, including higher structural integrity, design flexibility, and cost and weight lowers. Welded products/structures are subjected to serious issues of residual stresses and distortions. The performance and sturdiness of the welded structures are severely impacted by weld remaining …
Published in International Journal of Industrial and Product Design Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 18–26 Read article
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Performance Comparison of Noise-Tolerant, High- Performance CMOS Domino Logic Configurations
Abstract: In high-performance VLSI chip design, domino logic configuration is often preferred over static logic due to its faster operation and smaller area footprint, especially in deep submicron (DSM) technology. However, DSM noise has become a significant challenge in domino-based circuits, leading to compromises in the reliability and signal integrity of integrated circuits (ICs). The switching threshold of domino logic, defined as the input voltage level at which the gate output …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 35–50 Read article
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Exploring the Future of Operating Systems: Architectural Innovations and Kernel Development Trends
Abstract: Modern applications and the rapid evolution of hardware technologies are challenging operating system (OS) design. This paper speculates the future of OS based on revolutionary architecture advancements and emerging possibilities in kernel construction. The growth of multi-core processors, spread-bound processing, and edge architectures have challenged traditional OS paradigms. The paper provides an analysis of the progress in microkernel and monolithic kernel structures, discussing the bandwidth capacity as well as security …
Published in Journal of Operating Systems Development & Trends · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 38–47 Read article
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Examining the Role of Synthetic Biology in Cellular Restoration Mechanisms
Abstract: Synthetic biology has emerged as a transformative field with the potential to revolutionize cellular repair mechanisms, offering innovative solutions to repair damaged DNA, stabilize proteins, regenerate tissues, and treat a wide range of diseases. By combining principles from genetic engineering, biotechnology, and computational biology, synthetic biology enables the design of cellular systems capable of performing functions that repair cellular damage and restore normal cellular processes. This article explores the application …
Published in International Journal of Cell Biology and Cellular Functions · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 19–29 Read article
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VLSI – Power, Expansion and Versatility
Abstract: The evolution of Very Large-Scale Integration (VLSI) technology has significantly transformed the landscape of modern electronics, driving innovations across diverse industries. This article explores the key attributes of VLSI, focusing on its power, expansion, and versatility. VLSI's power lies in its ability to integrate thousands to millions of transistors on a single chip, enabling the development of high-performance, energy-efficient devices. The expansion of VLSI technology is exemplified by its application …
Published in International Journal of VLSI Circuit Design & Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Smart EV Charging Infrastructure using IoT
Abstract: The Smart EV Charging Infrastructure employs IoT technology, cloud computing, and real-time monitoring to offer an easy and efficient charging experience for electric vehicle owners. The system is designed to enhance charging station operations by incorporating secure transactions, integration of renewable energy, and automated processes. It includes infrared sensors for slot detection, wireless inductive charging, dynamic billing, and RFID authentication, providing convenience and security. The system incorporates ThinkSpeak and ThinkView …
Published in Journal of Power Electronics and Power Systems · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 13–22 Read article
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Enhancing Computer Science Education through Visualization and Engagement
Abstract: The topic of visualization and engagement in computer science. This research paper attracts attention to computer science education. Computer science education is considered a very difficult course by many computer science students. But given that computer education is such an important science, this paper explores the significance of visualization techniques and engagement strategies in computer science education. Computer science education helps us understand dynamic processes such as the working of …
Published in Journal of Computer Technology & Applications · Vol. 16, Issue 3, 2025 Read article
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Parametric Study of Laser Drilling Process Using Multi Variable Regression Analysis
Abstract: The laser drilling process is an advanced manufacturing technique extensively employed for intricate and high-value components in aerospace, automotive, and electronics industries. Laser drilling technology offers opportunities to meet the contemporary demands of industries using a broad spectrum of engineering materials. However, this process encounters several engineering challenges such as thermal damage, dimensional inaccuracies, and the formation of a recast layer in the drilled components. This study focuses on examining …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1000–1015 Read article
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Innovative Design and Implementation of PCD-Based Drawing Dies and Tungsten Carbide Molds for Automotive Fastener Manufacturing
Abstract: This study presents an integrated engineering investigation into the design, optimization, and implementation of advanced tungsten carbide and polycrystalline diamond (PCD) tooling technologies within the cold forging and wire drawing processes at Koobesh Kavir Semnan Company, one of Iran’s leading automotive fastener manufacturers. By combining powder metallurgy principles, material flow simulation, and experimental validation, this research introduces a technological advancement that improves productivity, tool longevity, and cost-efficiency in industrial production. …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 16–26 Read article
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Design and Implementation of Low Latency 16-bit Full Adder
Abstract: In the new age world, modern technology has vast applications in various fields of engineering, medicine, and others. Digital electronics processing and systems play a vital role in the analysis and computation of data representation. Electronic systems have gradually become faster and smaller scale. The primary structural element of any modern ALU-based processor is an adder. Addition is a well-known extremely basic function that is employed in nearly all computing …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 21–31 Read article
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Design And Implementation Of A Multi-Modal Mobile Application Safety Analytics Utilizing Nlp
Abstract: This study suggests a multi-modal mobile app safety analytics platform that uses natural language processing (NLP) to handle voice, text, and SOS messages. For effective intent recognition and decision-making, the platform processes all messages in a standard text or SOS flag format. Tokenization and normalization are used to process text communications, whereas noise reduction and text conversion are used to handle voice messages. For a quicker response, the SOS messages …
Published in Journal of Mobile Computing, Communications & Mobile Networks · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Implementation of STATIC-RANDOM-ACCESS-MEMORY-Based In-Memory Computing-architecture for improving Energy Efficiency
Abstract: The in-memory-computing architecture the improvement of big data and high-performance computing. In memory-computing (IMC) as reduces the latency and power consumption of data processing. Proposed research paper static random-access memory-based IMC architecture. By completing internal write-back, NMOS transistors increase computational efficiency and eliminate the need to read the computational output right away. A 128×128 STATIC-RANDOM-ACCESS-MEMORY-IMC macro chip is designed using the 78-nm technology. The energy efficiency of 55.3TOPS/W with supply …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 25–35 Read article
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A Hybrid Algorithm for Processor Scheduling Using Game Theory Variants
Abstract: This study proposes a novel hybrid algorithm for processor scheduling in modern operating systems, integrating the strengths of traditional scheduling methods with game theory variants. Traditional schedulers often struggle to adapt to dynamic workload changes, leading to suboptimal performance. Our hybrid approach addresses this by treating processes as "players" in a game, where the "payoff" is CPU time. A base scheduler (e.g., Weighted Fair Queuing, Earliest Deadline First) provides a …
Published in Journal of Operating Systems Development & Trends · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 48–56 Read article