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49 articles for “non-homogeneity”
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Preparation of Biodiesel from Karanja Oil using Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalyst
Abstract: In India, diesel consumption is increasing at an alarming rate which is increasing the import bill and the problems related to environment pollution. Biodiesel (BD) from non-edible oil like karanja is attractive feed stock for diesel engine. Due to high acid value of karanja oil (KO), a two-step process is necessary for BD production using homogeneous catalyst. In present study, BD was produced from KO by transesterification process using homogeneous …
Published in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 23–37 Read article
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Psychoactive and Physiological Homogeneity of Cannabis: A Literature Review: Actions of the Medical Plant that Takes Care of Itself
Abstract: Naturally occurring plants like Cannabis and the biologically ubiquitous alkaloids (e.g., morphine, quinine, and atropine) are composed of mostly physiological and psychoactive compounds. Extracts of the Cannabis plant are not alkaloid substances nor are they not related chemically to alkaloids, having no component nitrogen in their structures. Three species of Cannabis (marijuana) are recognized in scientific classifications: Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indicus and Cannabis ruderalis. Cannabis sativa is the species that …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Analysis of Water and Ethylene Glycol Based Cu Nano-particle
Abstract: The flow of heat in water Ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) copper based small size particles between two parallel freezing discs along with homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions are greatly and heavily affected by magnetic field. Here, I have considered Magnetic Hydro Dynamics effect perpendicular to the plane surface, while, bottom disk will be considered to be porous. The basic equations such as Navier-stokes, energy, Homogenous and Heterogonous reactions will be used for …
Published in Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 44–55 Read article
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Physical Features of Advanced Monocrystals Growth under Space Flight Conditions
Abstract: In terrestrial conditions, gravitational forces impede the production of materials with uniform distribution of components and phases. Strong thermo gravitational unsteady convection leads to instability of crystal growth parameters and limits the possibility of obtaining crystals with a high degree of homogeneity and structure with ideal parity. The first results of growing crystals under microgravity conditions showed the fundamental possibility of obtaining more perfect crystals due to the absence of …
Published in Journal of Aerospace Engineering & Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 1–17 Read article
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Theoretical and Experimental Research of Phenomena Arising in a Vessel Containing the Bubbles Dissolved in the Fluid and the Air above Surface of Fluid under Impact of Vibration in the Acoustic Range both in the Terrestrial and Decreasing Acceleration of Gravity Conditions
Abstract: Under terrestrial conditions, gravitational forces prevent to obtain materials that are homogeneous in distribution components and phases. Strong thermo gravitational unsteady convection leads to instability of crystals growth parameters and limits the possibilities of obtaining the crystals with a high degree of homogeneity and perfect parity structures. The first results of crystals growth in microgravity showed the fundamental possibility of producing more advanced crystals due to the absence of gravitational …
Published in Journal of Aerospace Engineering & Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 48–63 Read article
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Biodisintegrable Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)/Sago Starch (SS) Composites for Food Packaging Applications
Abstract: Research scientists are very interested in polysaccharide-filled plastics as a way to create a biodisintegrable polymer composite. The goal of the current study is to employ SS to create a biodisintegrable polymer composite, which could pave the way for a more user-friendly polymer composite in the future. In this study, LDPE/SS biodisintegrable composites were created by physically blending SS and LDPE in a Brabender mixer. The effects of varying the …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Review on Drug Nanoparticles: Special Emphasis on Herbal Nanoparticals
Abstract: Nanoparticles have greater research horizon and smaller size ranging from 1 to 1000 nm. This is very small as compared to other particles. As their size is extremely small, so ultimately their route of administration and reaching to site of action becomes more convenient. These nano-scale particles can easily pass out the cell membrane such as blood brain-barriers. Nanoparticles are synthesized from various metals, polymers, microbes and even from plant …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 48–58 Read article
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A Novel Decomposable Pixel Component Analysis Algorithm for Automating Multispectral Satellite Image Denoising
Abstract: In comparison with the standard RGB or gray-scale images the usual multispectral images (MSI) is intended to convey high definition and an authentic representation for real world scenes to significantly enhance the performance measures of several other tasks involving with computer vision, segmentation of image, object extraction and object tagging operations. However, in practices a MSI image is always prone to corruption by various sources of noises while procuring the …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 18–25 Read article
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Analytical Solution to Single Degree of Freedom Bi-Linear Spring Mass Systems Transient Vibration
Abstract: Conventional approach to solution of linear systems under transient vibration has been through Convolution integral or Duhamel integral method which employs the method of superposition of linear solutions to obtain the total solution. Principle of superposition is not possible for non-linear systems and hence transient vibration solution cannot be obtained through classical methods. Nevertheless, the solution to transient vibration for each domain can be obtained as a sum of homogeneous …
Published in Journal of Aerospace Engineering & Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 7–18 Read article
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Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulation Study on the Evolution of Photoinitiated Free Radical Polymerization Crosslinked Networks
Abstract: Gradient polymer materials overcome the limitations of conventional homogeneous polymers by integrating multiple distinct functionalities within a single continuous structure. Although photoinitiated free-radical polymerization offers excellent spatial and temporal control, the underlying microscopic mechanisms governing network evolution under non-uniform light fields remain poorly understood. In this study, a mesoscale dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) model was successfully developed to couple free-radical polymerization kinetics—including initiation, propagation, crosslinking, and termination—with exponential light attenuation …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 142–158 Read article
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A methodology for the determination of bearing capacity of granular soils with plate loading tests
Abstract: In granular soils, due to the inability to collect undisturbed samples of soil for geotechnical laboratory tests or the impracticality of carrying out dynamic penetration tests, highlights the necessity to find a useful approach in the engineering geological practice for the determination of bearing capacity. In these soils the determination of bearing capacity can be evaluated with several formula that necessary require the estimation of the friction angle: this leads …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Nonrandomized Trial on Assertive Training Module among Nursing Students
Abstract: Assertiveness is an important behavior for today’s professional nurse. As nurses move away from traditional subservient roles and perceived stereotypes it increases a nurse’s needs to behave in assertive manner. Time series non-equivalent control (quasi experimental) group design was adopted to determine the effectiveness of assertiveness training module among under graduate nursing students from Punjab. Assertiveness training module was developed. Baseline assertiveness level of study participants was assessed with Rathus …
Published in Journal of Nursing Science & Practice · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 26–32 Read article
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Development and Characterization of Bifonazole Nitrate Nanosuspension Loaded Topical Gel
Abstract: Objective: The goal of the present study was to formulate and evaluate nanosuspension-based topical delivery system of bifonazole nitrate (BN) or increased saturation solubility and controlled drug release. Methods: BN nanosuspension was prepared by pearl milling technique using zirconium oxide beads as a milling media, poloxamer 407 as a stabilizer and glycerol as wetting agent. Effect of various process parameters such as, stirring time and poloxamer concentration were optimized. The …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 36–48 Read article
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AI-Optimized Nano-Silica Reinforced PCM Composites for Predictive Solar-Thermal Energy Storage Networks
Abstract: This study presents an AI-optimized nano-silica reinforced polymer composite phase change material (PCM) for predictive solar-thermal energy storage networks. The proposed composite combines paraffin wax, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and uniformly dispersed nano-silica particles to improve thermal conductivity, structural stability, leakage resistance, and long-term cycling performance. The composite was fabricated through melt blending and ultrasonication-assisted nanoparticle dispersion, followed by comprehensive morphological, chemical, thermal, and thermophysical characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 5, 2026 Read article
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Techno-economical Analysis of Biodiesel Production using Castor Oil: An Indian Approach
Abstract: Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Biodiesel is an alternative biodegradable and nontoxic fuel, which is essentially free of sulphur and aromatics. It is usually produced by a trans-esterification reaction of vegetable or waste oil with a low molecular weight alcohol, such as ethanol and methanol. Industrially, the most common method for biodiesel production is a basic homogeneous reaction. Hence, this work presents the trans-esterification of castor …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 22–31 Read article
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Performance Analysis and Emission Study of a C.I. Engine using Butanol, Biodiesel and Diesel Blends
Abstract: Biodiesel, which has been projected as an alternative to diesel fuel, can be made an attractive and viable substitute by use of a non-glyceride type of readily available, renewable and economic resources like acid oil. The production and consumption of biodiesel will increase in future due to ecofriendly, and possibility of use of existing engines of a motor vehicle without the need for major adjustments. Biodiesel and diesel fuel are …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 17–22 Read article
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Isolation and Partial Characterization of a Lectin from Seeds of Pongamia Glabra
Abstract: Lectins are non-immunogenic proteins that selectively bind carbohydrates without processing them enzymatically.They have wide range of applications in agricultural and biomedical research and it is useful in the antidotal treatment of snake bite. Seed lectins can be attributed to the importance of legume seeds as a rich source of dietary protein. The Pongamia glabra were homogenized by using distilled acetone. The defatted dried seed meal was mixed with 20mm Phosphate …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2011 · pp. 87–95 Read article
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Formulation and Evaluation of a Natural Excipients-Based Diclofenac Sodium Topical Ointment
Abstract: The present study reports the formulation and evaluation of a diclofenac sodium topical ointment incorporating natural excipients to improve skin compatibility and formulation sustainability. Conventional topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) formulations frequently rely on synthetic excipients that may cause dermal irritation and pose environmental concerns. To address these limitations, a 1% w/w diclofenac sodium ointment was developed using aloe vera gel, glycerin, xanthan gum, peppermint oil, vitamin E, and isopropyl …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 14–26 Read article
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Formulation, Evaluation and Development of Multipurpose Cream Containing kokum Butter
Abstract: The creation of the multipurpose polyherbal crack-healing cream, which shields the skin from cracks and can also serve as a multifunctional cream to shield the skin from other skin issues. The polyherbal cosmetic formulation can be used to give skin a protective barrier and is safe to use. Over the course of the study, this multipurpose polyherbal cream demonstrated good homogeneity, pH, consistency, spreadability, and lack of phase separation. This …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 78–89 Read article
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Formulation Development and Evaluation of Furosemide Loaded Solid Lipid Microparticles
Abstract: Furosemide is a loop diuretic because of having very low half-life, low oral bioavailability, degraded in gastric juice; it was chosen to formulate as the solid lipid microparticle (SLMs) to overcome above. In this study, an attempt was made to improve the oral bioavailability of furosemide by preparing SLMs using stearic acid (SA) and cetostearyl alcohol (CsA) as lipid polymers by hot homogenization method at different drug: polymer ratios (1:5, …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 6–18 Read article