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43 articles for “Planar”
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Theoretical Study of Surface Waves in Hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN)
Abstract: Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a wide bandgap semiconductor material in which Boron (B) and Nitrogen (N) atoms form hexagonal structure and has number of robust properties of technological importance. Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are very nice area of research in recent years. Its structure is similar to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) where carbon atoms are arranged in hexagon. hBN is also known as White Graphene. Various methods are employed to …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2024 Read article
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Self-similarities in Hilbert Envelope Energy Regions on Motion Waveforms Application in Detecting Motion Irregularities in Video Frames
Abstract: This paper introduces self-similar Hilbert envelope energy regions that are commonly found in oscillating spectral curves. The time-varying amplitudes and peak value frequencies in typical spectral curves reflect the response of a system to external stimuli. A Hilbert envelope is a smooth curve connected between spectral curve peak values. Each peak value on an envelope curve at time identifies an envelope-bounded region with interior area (called Hilbert envelope energy region …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 34–49 Read article
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A Comprehensive Review of FinFet Technology: Advantages, Challenges and Applications
Abstract: This has been complemented by improvements on the new layers that have surpassed the manufactures planar transistor by the new FinFET (Fin Field-Effect Transistor), which enhance modern demands on high performance, small size and low power consumption. This review is for a timely information on the latest development on FinFET technology, such as by curbing leakage currents by 50 percent and enhancing its speed by 30 percent proving that FinFETs …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Flaws and Defects in Crystals
Abstract: Crystalline materials are defined by their long-range atomic order; however, no real crystal is completely free from imperfections. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the various types of crystal defects and imperfections that occur in solid materials and their significant influence on material properties. Point defects, including vacancies, interstitials, and substitutional atoms, are examined alongside line defects such as edge and screw dislocations, as well as planar defects encompassing …
Published in International Journal of Crystalline Materials · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–15 Read article
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An Overview on Quantum dot technology in Temperature sensor design
Abstract: Quantumdot (QD) thermometry harnesses the sizedependent electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals to translate minute temperature variations into robust optical signals. In this work we present a systematic design framework for QDbased temperature sensors that integrates (i) bandgap engineering through precise colloidal synthesis, (ii) surfacestate passivation to suppress nonradiative pathways, and (iii) a planar photonicreadout architecture compatible with lowcost, CMOSfriendly fabrication. By exploiting the linear redshift of the photoluminescence (PL) peak …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 10–17 Read article
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Design and Performance Analysis of Microwave Filters and Resonators for High-Frequency Systems
Abstract: Microwave filters and resonators are fundamental components in high-frequency systems, playing a crucial role in signal selection, interference suppression, and frequency stabilization. This review presents a detailed analysis of design methodologies and performance characteristics of microwave filters and resonators used in modern communication and radar applications. Various filter topologies, including low-pass, high- pass, band-pass, and band-stop configurations, are examined with respect to their frequency response, insertion loss, selectivity, and bandwidth. …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 8–16 Read article
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Group-Theoretic Symmetry Indices for Modular Building Layouts under Seismic Load Redistribution
Abstract: Symmetry in modular buildings operates simultaneously as an architectural language, a structural regularizer, and a computational design variable. This paper develops a group-theoretic framework for evaluating and optimizing plan symmetry in modular buildings subjected to seismic load redistribution. The building layout is modeled as a finite occupancy–stiffness field defined on a rectangular lattice, where each module encodes both mass and stiffness contributions. Planar reflections and quarter-turn rotations are represented as …
Published in Emerging Trends in Symmetry · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 01–07 Read article
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A Comprehensive Review on FinFet Technology : Advantages, Challenges and Applications
Abstract: New devices and enhanced layers have been developed, specially the FinFET (Fin Field-Effect Transistor) which is considerably superior to the planar transistor because of its ability to meet the new demands of systems for high-performance, low-power, and dimensions reduction. Some of the recent developments in FinFETs mentioned in this review include a reduction of leakage currents by 50% and an enhancement of the speed by 30%; thus, FinFETs remain fundamental …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits Read article
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Electro-chemical treatment of graphite oxide: preparation and Characterization of high quality Graphene material
Abstract: With the enlargement of flexibility and suitability in material industries, high-performance thermal management materials are demanded with high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation are growing. In recent years, graphene has received a numerous focus from science community due to its high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation. Fabrication of light weight graphene and its derivatives as graphene Oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) via facile processing method is yet a …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites Read article
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Electro-chemical treatment of graphite oxide: preparation and Characterization of high quality Graphene material
Abstract: With the enlargement of flexibility and suitability in material industries, high-performance thermal management materials are demanded with high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation are growing. In recent years, graphene has received a numerous focus from science community due to its high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation. Fabrication of light weight graphene and its derivatives as graphene Oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) via facile processing method is yet a …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 5, 2024 · pp. 25–36 Read article
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Synthesis, Structural Studies and Catalytic activity of Copper(II) Complex Supported by N, N′-bis (2-Hydroxy-3-Methoxybenzaldehyde) 4-Methylbenzene-1, 2-Diamine
Abstract: A novel robust method for synthesis of 3-MOBdMBn-Cu complex, supported by -ONNO-tetradentate Schiff-base ligand is presented. This copper complex is prepared by the reactions of metal solution with one molar equivalent of 3-MOBdMBn (N, N’-bis (2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) 4-Methylbenzene-1, 2-diamine) Schiff-base ligand in methanol under nitrogen atmosphere. In contrast to other catalysts, the main advantage of this catalyst system was that the cost of the catalyst was remarkably low and it can …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 53–60 Read article
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Development of a Flexure Mechanism for High-Precision Applications in Scanning Applications
Abstract: The utilization of the Planar XY Flexural Mechanism is extensive in precision motion systems, where it induces relative motion between a fixed support and a motion stage through the utilization of material flexibility. In contrast to rigid link mechanisms, this mechanism presents noteworthy advantages, including zero backlash, frictionless motion, and high-order repeatability, all within a considerably more compact form. Notably, flexure mechanisms are characterized by their construction from a single …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Pseudo-Static Limit Equilibrium Method for Bearing Capacity of Footing on Slope and Seismic Uplift Capacity of Horizontal Strip Anchor
Abstract: Seismic bearing capacity for a shallow strip footing embedded in a sloping ground is derived along with seismic uplift capacity of horizontal strip anchors. c-ϕ soil medium is used with limit equilibrium method of analysis. A planar failure mechanism has been adopted. The seismic bearing capacity is determined in the form of a single pseudo-static bearing capacity coefficient (Nγe) in association with unit weight, surcharge and cohesion, which becomes more …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 18–31 Read article
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Analysis and Design of Coaxial Fed Microstrip Antenna on Multilayer substrate at Terahertz Frequency
Abstract: AbstractThe paper presents the performance of an antenna on a three-layered substrate material analyzed to enhance the electrical parameters such as bandwidth and gain of a microstrip antenna. A regular rectangular microstrip antenna design has been updated to a planar parabolic horn design for improving bandwidth to up to 30 times provided by a rectangular patch. The design has been simulated at 0.6 THz resonant frequency using Keysight’s ADS (Advanced …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 11–14 Read article
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An Overview of Elliptical Low Pass Filter by using Defected Ground Structure Method
Abstract: Calculation and differentiation of the response of elliptical low pass filter (LPF) with and without using defected ground structure (DGS) was done. In the present work, return loss, bandwidth and gain have been evaluated. All the designs are printed on the FR4 lossy substrate of dielectric constant ( ) of 4.3, substrate thickness of 1.6 mm and loss tangent of 0.02. Moreover, the effect of controlling parameters namely slots and …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 13–16 Read article
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Complex Permittivity of Dielectric Substrate Measurements Using Ring Resonator
Abstract: In this paper, we are going to present a methodology which is more suitable and easy to measure complex permittivity of dielectric substrates using ring resonator of a planar circuits. Mainly it is based on the transmission type ring resonator with capacity coupling. On adjusting base resonant frequency of a ring resonator we can measure the dielectric constant and dissipation factor at wide frequency band and the remaining parameters can …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 9–12 Read article
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Simulation and Analysis of S-CSRR PIFA for C-band 5G wireless networks
Abstract: In this paper, S-CSRR (Square-Complementary Split Ring Resonator) Planar Inverted F Antenna model is designed and simulated in the HFSS software. For compact and portable devices being preferred in 5G technology, the proposed antenna is helpful. The PIFA antenna with metamaterials (MTM) is beneficial for 4G and 5G wireless communication applications and covers C-band frequencies. The C-band frequency range of 3300-4200 MHz and 4400-5000 MHz is used in the research. …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 15–25 Read article
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Optimization of steel transmission tower using Firefly algorithm including Wind Load analysis and IS Code checks
Abstract: AbstractTransmission towers have been playing an important role in the power sector. This study isfocused on optimizing the steel transmission towers using firefly algorithm. Metaheuristicshave been widely in use during the recent past. The design of cross sectional areas of themembers is modeled as a continuous variable to determine the optimal values. A newapproach is designed to perform optimization process. This study does not include using ISsteel sections from the …
Published in Journal of Structural Engineering and Management · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 38–61 Read article
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Comparative Analysis of MOSFET, CNTFET and NWFET for High Performance VLSI Circuit Design: A Review
Abstract: Nanowires are inimitable materials for considering phenomenon in nanoscale regime. Nanowires development exhibits ample of applications by controlling their, structure, composition as well as their electrical properties. This paper review diverse types of nanowires, nanowire field-effect transistor (NWFET) structure and their comparison with novel devices. Firstly, this paper describes different types of nanowires and nanowire heterostructure that shows nanowire heterostructures eliminates various factors that limit the performance of homogeneous nanowire …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 19–32 Read article
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Dynamic Balancing of Four-bar Mechanism Using Genetic Algorithm
Abstract: This study is to optimize the design parameters of planar four-bar mechanism using MINI TAB and Genetic Algorithm approach by minimizing shaking force and shaking moments. Using MATLAB, the position, velocity, acceleration, and forces of each link was determined. A set of weighting factors was selected according to the contribution of x and y components of the forces and moments. The regression equation generated by MINI TAB was used as …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 11–20 Read article