Search
277 articles for “disease mechanism”
-
Ethnopharmacological Insights: Uncovering Plant-Based Neuroprotective Treatments for Neurodegenerative Disorders
Abstract: The development of plant-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases holds significant promise due to the therapeutic potential of natural compounds, such as Laurus nobilis, Aronia melanocarpa, and celastrol. This review identifies critical literature gaps in the current research, including inconsistent extraction methods, lack of clinical trials, insufficient documentation of long-term effects, limited mechanistic insights, and poor bioavailability. Addressing these gaps through standardization, rigorous clinical trials, advanced delivery systems, and comprehensive ethnopharmacological …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 13–18 Read article
-
Profiling of Essential, Potentially Essential and Non-essential elements in Onychomycosis affected nail samples using ICP-MS
Abstract: The Profiling of Essential, Potentially Essential, and Non- essential elements in Onychomycosis affected nail samples is done to understand the relationship between trace elements in the nail with Onychomycosis. The main objective of the study is to investigate the correlation between Onychomycosis and harmful heavy metal deposition in nail clippings based on the occupation, age, and sex of patients. About 14 Diseased and 5 normal human samples were used for …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 46–55 Read article
-
Exploring Pharmacological Mechanism Of Pteridines And Its Derivatives Against Neurodegenerative Disorders Using Network Pharmacology And Molecular Docking Techniques
Abstract: Objectives: Pteridines have been identified via various research and shown therapeutic efficacy in Neurodegenerative disorders(ND) preclinical models. In the current study, a network pharmacology technique was applied to determine the underlying mechanism of the pteridines' protective effects on ND. Network pharmacology was utilised in order to reveal the interactions between medications and the targets of illnesses, and it is capable of completely articulating the complexity between diseases and medications. The …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Computational Biology · Vol. 11, Issue 03, 2022 · pp. 1–13 Read article
-
Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticle for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disease
Abstract: The study of ecologically friendly CuNP synthesis is a growing area with potential applications in biomedical research and environmental remediation, as well as sustainable nanotechnology. Generally, reducing, and stabilizing agents such as microbes, plant extracts, or other natural sources are used. The green synthesis methodology guarantees the production of nanoparticles with desired characteristics for biomedical applications while simultaneously mitigating the environmental effect that comes with conventional chemical processes. CuNPs possess …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 13–24 Read article
-
An Insight to Hyponatremia in Cirrhosis: Pathophysiology and Management Approaches
Abstract: Cirrhosis is considered by systemic and splanchnic vasodilation that principals to extreme nonosmotic excretion of vasopressin. Hyponatremia is a mutual electrolyte irregularity in progressive liver disease that outcomes from the diminished capability of the kidney to excrete solute-free water that principals to “dilutional” hyponatremia water retention uneven to the retaining of sodium. Hyponatremia is mutual in cirrhosis. It frequently happens in a progressive phase of the disease and is related …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 30–46 Read article
-
Exploring Nutool (Irrigation) as A Treatment Method in Ilaj Bit Tad-Beer (Regimenal Therapy)
Abstract: The Unani system of medicine employs four primary modes of treatment: Illaj bil ghiza (dietotherapy), Illaj bil Dawa (pharmacotherapy), Illaj bit tadbeer (Regimenal therapy), and Illaj bil yad (surgery). Illaj bit Tadbeer encompasses a range of regimenal interventions, including Hijamah (cupping), Irsal alaq (leeching), Fasd (venesection), Dalak (massage), Nutool (irrigation), Qay (Emesis), Idrar-i-Bawl (Diuresis), Tariq (Diaphoresis), Munzij and Mu'shil therapy (Concoction and purgation), Bukhoor (medicated steam), kayy (cauterization), Huqna (enema), …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–6 Read article
-
Nutrition Induced Remodeling Dynamics of Cell Membranes: Implications for Performance, Health, and Welfare Issues in Food Animals
Abstract: Cell membranes represent dynamic structural and functional platforms that integrate nutritional signals with cellular metabolism, immune competence, and physiological adaptation in food animals. Beyond their classical role as selective barriers, membranes actively regulate nutrient transport, signal transduction, and bioenergetics through highly responsive lipid and protein networks. Dietary components, particularly fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and bioactive compounds, critically influence membrane composition, fluidity, and stability, thereby shaping cellular function and …
Published in International Journal of Membranes · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 25–37 Read article
-
Sustainability Challenges, Transition Dynamics, and Collapse of Small-Scale Poultry Farming Systems: Economic, Technical, and Environmental Perspectives
Abstract: Small-scale poultry farming plays a vital role in food security, income generation, and rural livelihoods globally. However, the sector is experiencing a rapid decline driven by interconnected economic, biological, environmental, and institutional challenges. This review synthesizes recent evidence and develops a systems-based framework to explain the depletion of small-scale poultry farms in the country. A dominant driver is the persistent cost–price imbalance, where rising input costs, particularly feed, are not …
Published in International Journal of Sustainability · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 38–46 Read article
-
Nutrient Sensing and Microbiota Crosstalk: Driving Determinants Shaping Metabolic Stability and Adaptive Physiology for Animal Health
Abstract: Nutrient sensing is a fundamental cellular process that enables animals to adapt to fluctuating dietary inputs while maintaining metabolic homeostasis and health. Recent advances reveal that the gut microbiota functions as an active metabolic partner, producing bioactive metabolites that directly influence host nutrient-sensing pathways and downstream cellular responses. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the integration of key signalling networks, including adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK), mechanistic target of …
Published in International Journal of Molecular Biotechnological Research · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
-
Biodegradable and Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Co-Delivery of Multiple Therapeutic Agents
Abstract: The co-delivery of multiple drugs using advanced nanocarriers has revolutionized targeted therapy in various diseases, particularly in cancer, infectious diseases, and neurological disorders. Multi-layered polymeric nanocarriers (MLPNs) offer a sophisticated platform to encapsulate multiple therapeutic agents with precise control over drug release, bioavailability, and synergistic effects. These nanocarriers are designed with distinct polymer layers that enable sequential or simultaneous drug release based on stimuli-responsive mechanisms such as pH, temperature, and …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 406–419 Read article
-
Lab Reagents and Their Importance in Bio-chemistry
Abstract: Biochemical reagents are essential substances in the study of life at the molecular level. These reagents help scientists detect, identify, and quantify bio-molecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and enzymes in biological systems. They play a vital role in understanding metabolic reactions and physiological processes within living organisms. Biochemical reagents are generally classified into analytical, diagnostic, enzymatic, chromogenic, and buffer reagents, each serving a specific purpose in laboratory and …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–4 Read article
-
Exploring the Dynamics of Eye Fluid: Lymphatics, Aqueous Humor, and Intraocular Pressure
Abstract: Lymphatic vessels are essential for regulating interstitial fluid balance, facilitating immune cell transport, supporting lipid absorption, and playing significant roles in tumor development and metastasis. Recent findings have expanded their recognized functions, particularly in pathological contexts. One notable discovery is the involvement of lymphatics in draining aqueous humor from the eye, a process closely linked to the regulation of intraocular pressure (IOP) and its implications for glaucoma progression. This review …
Published in Emerging Trends in Personalized Medicines · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 31–44 Read article
-
Microsphere-Based Drug Delivery: A Critical Review of Innovations and Applications
Abstract: Microspheres have emerged as a revolutionary approach in pharmaceutical sciences, offering controlled and targeted drug delivery with improved bioavailability, stability, and patient compliance. These spherical carriers, ranging from nanometers to micrometers in size, can encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, enabling sustained and site-specific release. The development of microspheres has been significantly driven by the need to enhance drug efficacy while minimizing systemic side effects. This review provides a comprehensive …
Published in Trends in Drug Delivery · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 52–59 Read article
-
Prediction of Molecular Targets for Anthraquinone and Its Analogs for Treatment of Good Pasteur Syndrome
Abstract: Objective: In order to find prospective molecular targets for the treatment of Good Pasteur Syndrome (GPS), a rare autoimmune disease that affects the kidneys and other organs, computational methods and network pharmacology were applied in this work. The goal of the study is to identify particular human proteins that might interact with anthraquinone and its analogues as well as to uncover potential mechanisms of action by which these drugs might …
Published in International Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Read article
-
A Systematic Review on Diabetic Encephalopathy, Its Type & Biomarkers
Abstract: Diabetes and its complications become a major reason of morbidity and mortality associated with the changes of life style. Diabetic Encephalopathy is one of the complication of Diabetes Mellitus. The aim of this paper is to review the information on Diabetic Encephalopathy with emphasis on its etiology , pathogenesis and its treatment. Diabetic encephalopathy is the condition in which impairment of brain function occur. Diabetic encephalopathy is the complication of …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 98–117 Read article
-
A Threshold-Weighted Mathematical Fusion Model for Epidemic Outbreak Prediction Using SEIR Residual Dynamics and Cloud-Based Machine Learning
Abstract: Accurate prediction of epidemic outbreaks is critical for effective public health management, resource planning, early warning generation, and timely intervention by municipal authorities. Traditional compartmental models such as Susceptible–Exposed–Infectious–Recovered (SEIR) offer valuable epidemiological insights and mathematical interpretability; however, they may not adequately capture the complex nonlinear relationships present in real-world urban health systems. Conversely, data-driven machine learning techniques can identify hidden patterns in large datasets but often lack epidemiological structure …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Statistics · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 12–19 Read article
-
The Unseen World Within: Decoding the Intricacies of Gut Microbiota and Its Impact on Human Health
Abstract: This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted role of the gut microbiota in human health, elucidating its impact on diverse physiological processes, immune responses, and metabolic diseases. The intricate interplay of diet, genetics, and environmental factors is explored in shaping the composition and function of the gut microbiota, with consequential effects on conditions ranging from metabolic disorders to inflammatory bowel diseases and mental health. Therapeutic interventions, including probiotics, prebiotics, and …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 12–21 Read article
-
Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) on the Measures of Hyolaryngeal Elevation during Swallow in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease
Abstract: Inadequate hyolaryngeal elevation is one among the leading cause of aspiration and dysphagia in individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Treatment protocols specific in strengthening the hyolaryngeal elevation are seldom studied in this population. Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) for swallow is a recent technical advancement in the arena of dysphagia rehabilitation that targets on stimulating the laryngeal extrinsic and the suprahyoid muscles, responsible for adequate movements of the hyolaryngeal complex. The literature …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 18–25 Read article
-
Bio-Inspired Membranes in Oral Drug Delivery: A Pathway to Enhanced Permeability and Targeted Therapy
Abstract: Bio-inspired membranes in oral drug delivery represent a significant advancement in pharmaceutical technology, harnessing principles of natural biological systems to improve drug permeability, bioavailability, and targeted release. This review discusses the design, materials, and fabrication techniques used in bio-inspired membranes, with a focus on materials like chitosan, silk fibroin, and synthetic polymers that mimic biological structures. By exploring the mechanisms of drug permeation, such as mucoadhesion and selective permeability, bio-inspired …
Published in International Journal of Membranes · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 39–52 Read article
-
Functional Biomolecules in Animal Nutrition: Biochemical Mechanisms and Their Impacts on Growth Performance and Health Outcomes
Abstract: Functional biomolecules have emerged as critical modulators of animal nutrition, extending beyond conventional nutrient supply to regulate biochemical and physiological processes that determine growth performance and health outcomes. This review synthesizes current knowledge on diverse classes of bioactive compounds, including amino acids, peptides, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, and microbial-derived metabolites, and their roles in livestock systems. Emphasis is placed on underlying biochemical mechanisms such as enzyme activation, nutrient signaling …
Published in International Journal of Nutritions · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 26–36 Read article