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1046 articles for “w/c ratio”
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A Comparative Analytical Study on Gandhaka Ointment Prepared by Two Different Oleaginous Bases – As a Thesis Article
Abstract: Gandhaka (purified sulphur) is broadly used in Ayurvedic dermatological preparations, particularly in Malahara Kalpana (ointment formulations), due to its well-known antimicrobial and skin-healing properties. Although classical Ayurvedic texts, such as Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, do not directly mention Gandhaka ointment, Rasatarangini by Acharya Sadanand Sharma describes four discrete methods for preparing Gandhaka Taila (sulphur-infused oil). In this study, the third method was selected to prepare Gandhaka Taila using two …
Published in Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 27–39 Read article
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Investment Analysis and communication Issues for Road Assets
Abstract: The main purpose of this work is to develop good practices for management of infrastructures. The scope of this practice is mainly focused on pavement network, but it also includes other road assets like bridges, culverts and signs. A preventive maintenance, rehabilitation and reconstruction investment analysis is performed for these assets. The analysis and budgeting is performed for 20 years period to maintain and preserve the existing service level for …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 1–16 Read article
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Performance Evaluation of WSN under DDOS Attack
Abstract: AbstractA Wireless Sensor network (WSN) is device which uses various sensors to monitor conditions physically and environmental both. Wireless Sensor network provides a bridge between the various nodes and the server. WSN is open in nature which makes it vulnerable for the intruders to attack. Many security threats affect the performance of network threats like DDOS, Wormhole, Selective Jamming attack etc. In this paper a new scheme smartpix has been …
Published in Journal of Advancements in Robotics · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 40–44 Read article
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Enhancing Mechanical Properties by Parameter Optimization in Fiber and Particle Reinforced Composites
Abstract: This research focuses on optimizing the mechanical and thermal properties of hybrid fiber and particle-reinforced composites through systematic parameter optimization using the Taguchi method and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). Composites were fabricated using varying fiber volume fractions (20%, 30%, and 40%), particle sizes (20 μm, 60 μm, and 100 μm), and curing temperatures (60°C, 80°C, and 100°C) in a 3-factor, 3-level experimental design. Key properties such as tensile strength, impact …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 75–85 Read article
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Influence of Catalyst Type and Reaction Conditions on Biodiesel Conversion of Pine and Soapnut Oils
Abstract: Biodiesel produced from non-edible oils is becoming an important replacement for petroleum diesel because it is renewable, environmentally friendly, and suitable for use in existing diesel engines. It helps reduce air pollution, lowers dependence on fossil fuels, and supports sustainable energy development. Pine oil and soapnut oil are two promising non-edible feedstocks because they are easy to obtain, inexpensive, and contain chemical compounds that can be effectively converted into biodiesel. …
Published in Journal of Automobile Engineering and Applications · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 39–48 Read article
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A Review on Different Techniques Used for Feature Extractions from Mammogram of Breast Cancer
Abstract: Breast cancer detection is still a complex and challenging problem. Mammogram contains low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and a complex structured background so identifying cancer tissues using this technique is a time consuming task even for expert radiologists. Therefore, there is still a need to enhance imaging in digital mammogram, where enhancement in medical imaging is the use of computers to make the image clearer. Studies show that relying on pure …
Published in Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress · Vol. 1, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 9–15 Read article
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Stability-Indicating Rp-Hplc Development and Validation for the Estimation of Lercanidipine Hydrochloride Content in Tablet Dosage Form
Abstract: A sensitive, stability-revealing, and easy reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) technique was developed and rationalized to be in a position to determine Lercanidipine hydrochloride in ingested dosing preparations. It was separated by chromatography on a C 18 column using a mobile phase containing 10 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer and methanol (20:80, v/v; pH 4.0) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and UV detected at 258 nm. The retention …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 17–26 Read article
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Reliability of Preliminary Cost Estimates of Educational Building Projects in a Developing Economy
Abstract: This study focused on the reliability of preliminary cost estimates of educational building projects in Nigeria with a view to providing more reliable cost estimates and reducing the number of abandoned educational building projects caused by faulty preliminary estimates. Using a case study approach, a total of 33 completed educational building projects were assessed and 31 construction professionals (Quantity Surveyors and Architects) formed the secondary population of the study. Data …
Published in Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology & Management · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Ab Initio Investigation on Half-Heusler Compounds CoVZ (Z = P, Bi, Sb, As): Understanding Structural, Electronic, Magnetic, and Elastic Behavior
Abstract: The structural, electrical, mechanical, and magnetic properties of Half-Heusler CoVZ (Z= P, Bi, Sb, and As) compounds have been studied using the ab initio method. Here, we use the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method, which is implemented by WIEN2k. The compounds CoVZ (Z= P, Bi, Sb, and As) are near to the Fermi level as implemented in the WIEN2k algorithm, exhibiting 100% spin polarization with finite band …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2023 Read article
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Application of Game Theory Principles for Opportunistic Routing in MANETS
Abstract: This article explores the application of game theory principles to enhance opportunistic routing in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). MANETs are characterized by their dynamic topology, limited resources, and lack of infrastructure, making traditional routing protocols less efficient. Opportunistic routing leverages the mobility of nodes and the broadcast nature of wireless communication to achieve reliable message delivery. However, existing opportunistic routing algorithms may suffer from challenges such as high message …
Published in International Journal of Mobile Computing Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Study of Leucocyte Count, Serum Bilirubin and C-Reactive Protein Values in Preoperative Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis
Abstract: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies all over the world. In appendicular perforation, morbidity and mortality increases significantly. A prompt diagnosis and early surgery can only be done if clinical findings are supported by laboratory tests. To estimate preoperative serum leukocyte count, total bilirubin and C-reactive protein levels in patients with clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis and compare them with histopathological diagnosis postoperatively. Cross sectional study …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 20–26 Read article
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Assessment of Finerenone Safety and Efficacy in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease
Abstract: Background: In this work, we provide strong evidence for the safety and efficacy of finerenone in people with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Our goal is to improve patients' quality of life and general well-being through our research. Aim: Finerenone exhibited a significant decrease in the likelihood of renal and cardiovascular (CV) events in individuals with both type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. This exploratory subgroup analysis …
Published in International Journal of Antibiotics · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 06–09 Read article
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Efficient Multicast Routing in MANET
Abstract: Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is dynamic, self-configuring, distributive, infrastructure-less and self-organized wireless network having collection of independent mobile nodes which are free to move arbitrarily. MANET uses a multicast communication in various applications in which close collaboration of teams is very crucial. In this paper, we propose optimized expanding ring search (OERS) protocol which uses modified expanding ring search method during route discovery process and also analyse the performance …
Published in Journal of Mobile Computing, Communications & Mobile Networks · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 16–26 Read article
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A Comprehensive Review on the Role of Antacids in the Management of Stomach Disorders
Abstract: Antacids are among the most widely used over-the-counter medications for the symptomatic management of acid-related gastrointestinal disorders, including dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), gastritis, and peptic ulcer disease. These agents provide rapid relief by neutralizing gastric hydrochloric acid, thereby increasing intragastric pH and reducing mucosal irritation. In addition to their therapeutic benefits, the long-term and excessive use of antacids may be associated with adverse effects and toxicological concerns, including electrolyte …
Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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A study on CMOS Operational Amplifier in Sensor Development
Abstract: CMOS operational amplifiers (op-amps) have emerged as pivotal components in modern sensor development, enabling the amplification and conditioning of weak signals with high precision and efficiency. Their inherent advantages low power consumption, compact size, and seamless integration with digital circuits make them ideal for advancing miniaturized, battery-powered sensor systems in fields ranging from biomedical devices to IoT networks. By delivering precision, power efficiency, and integration, CMOS op-amps are not just …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 01–07 Read article
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Formulation Challenges in Long-acting Injectable Small Molecules: Emerging Strategies and Perspectives
Abstract: Long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations represent a transformative approach in pharmacotherapy, particularly for conditions demanding sustained drug exposure over weeks to months. Although biologics have dominated this space historically, the adaptation of LAI technology to small molecules presents a distinct and complex set of challenges rooted in physicochemical properties, manufacturing scalability, and regulatory expectations. This review systematically addresses the principal formulation barriers encountered in developing LAI small-molecule products, including aqueous solubility …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 15–26 Read article
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Design Thinking: An Innovative Approach for Engineering Design and Technological Development
Abstract: The advancement in building construction industry such as building automation and building intelligence is becoming the new system requirements that have made the invention of IoT and embedded systems design and development more complex. Every organization is concerned about innovation because it is crucial to the expansion of both the organization and society as a whole. Innovation is anticipated to be an open-minded, design-based process, product, or organizational design. Both …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 19–27 Read article
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Identification of Moisture Content in Paper Industry Using PID Auto-Tuning
Abstract: The maintenance of removal of moisture content in pulp is one of the major challenges in paper manufacturing process. In some paper industries, the above process is carried out using open loop method. This method uses more labor to monitor and control the process parameters such as moisture and temperature. Also the accurate maintenance is not possible and it takes more time for tuning the process parameter. So the closed …
Published in Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 15–25 Read article
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Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Safinamide and Rasagiline in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Abstract: Background: Recent studies have suggested Rasagiline and Safinamide monotherapy as potential management options for Parkinson’s disease. Parkinson’s disease, a neurological disorder characterized by tremors and movement difficulties, necessitates treatments aimed at managing clinical symptoms. Levodopa remains the primary effective treatment for Parkinson’s disease symptoms; however, its long-term use often leads to motor complications in many patients. Additional therapeutic drugs, such as dopamine agonists and monoamine oxidase B inhibitors, including Safinamide …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 74–91 Read article
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Experimental and Polynomial Regression Modelling of Tensile Characteristics of Hybrid Jute/Hemp Fiber Composites
Abstract: The present study aims to develop hybrid jute-hemp fiber/epoxy composites by the hand lay-up process with 60% of fiber reinforcement and 40 % of matrix ratio. To measure the change of tensile properties, prepared hybrid composites were tested for normal tensile strength and edge notch tensile (ENT) test as per the ASTM standards. Findings show that, developed composites with reported tensile strength followed by comparing it with fracture toughness. Experimentally, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 47–58 Read article