International Journal of Toxins and Toxics

Latest articles

• Published Subscription Review Article 1 Jul 2026

  A Comprehensive Review on the Role of Antacids in the Management of Stomach Disorders

  By Khushboo Yadav

  Abstract: Antacids are among the most widely used over-the-counter medications for the symptomatic management of acid-related gastrointestinal disorders, including dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), gastritis, and peptic ulcer disease. These agents provide rapid relief by neutralizing gastric hydrochloric acid, thereby increasing intragastric pH and reducing mucosal irritation. In addition to their therapeutic benefits, the long-term and excessive use of antacids may be associated with adverse effects and toxicological concerns, including electrolyte …

  Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 Read article →

• Published Subscription Review Article 26 Jun 2026

  Muscle vs. Heart: A Comprehensive Review of Anabolic Steroid-Induced Cardiovascular Risks

  By Muchukota Sushma, Navitha G A, Subikchya K, Salim AL Abdullah, Shobha Rani R.H

  Abstract: Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are widely used by athletes and bodybuilders to enhance muscle mass and performance. However, their misuse is associated with serious and often underrecognized cardiovascular risks. Despite their popularity, particularly among young adults, the long-term consequences of AAS abuse on cardiovascular health remain insufficiently explored in the literature. This review aims to: 1. Analyze the cardiovascular implications of AAS use. 2. Elucidate the molecular and physiological mechanisms contributing …

  Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 Read article →

• Published Subscription Review Article 20 May 2026

  Review on the Effects of Chemical Compounds Toxicity on Workers in Chemical Laboratories.

  By Nagham Mahmood, Sabrean Farhan Jawad

  Abstract: Chemical laboratories are considered high-risk work environments due to the wide range of chemicals that workers handle, which may be toxic, corrosive, or flammable. Improper handling of these substances can lead to serious health problems, ranging from mild irritation to death in cases of exposure to chemical compounds such as phenols and amines, which cause various types of lung and laryngeal cancers and respiratory diseases in laboratory workers who are …

  Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 17–26 Read article →

• Published Subscription Review Article 20 May 2026

  Consumer Misuse of Cosmeceuticals and Its Role in Adverse Skin Reactions

  By Suraj Sen, Anit Jha, Praveen Yadav, Shah Mohmmed, Vikash Prajapati, Ajay Kumar

  Abstract: Cosmeceuticals represent a rapidly expanding category of products positioned between cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, offering both aesthetic and therapeutic benefits. However, their widespread availability, aggressive marketing, and perception as inherently safe have contributed to increasing instances of consumer misuse. Misuse includes over-application, inappropriate combinations, prolonged unsupervised use, and use of high-potency active ingredients without dermatological guidance. Such practices have been strongly associated with a broad spectrum of adverse cutaneous reactions ranging …

  Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–16 Read article →

• Published Subscription Review Article 31 Jan 2026

  Nutrient-Mediated Activation of Cellular Signaling Pathways: Mechanistic Insights into Attenuation of Toxin Induced Inflammation in Food Animals

  By Md. Emran Hossain

  Abstract: Dietary and environmental toxins remain a persistent challenge in food animal production, where subclinical and clinical inflammation compromises health, productivity, and food safety. Toxin induced inflammation is driven by oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and dysregulated immune signaling, resulting in impaired metabolic efficiency and increased disease susceptibility. Recent advances in nutritional science have revealed that nutrients act not only as substrates for growth but also as signaling molecules capable of modulating …

  Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–12 Read article →

• Published Subscription Review Article 31 Jan 2026

  Nanoformulation Strategies: Emerging Innovations in Drug Delivery Systems

  By Tejas Naik, Sachin Datkhile, Sayali Wagh, Saniya Pathan

  Abstract: Nanotechnology is significantly advancing the pharmaceutical industry by introducing nanosystems that improve drug delivery, therapeutic efficacy, and patient outcomes. Various nanosystems-such as liposomes, dendrimers, polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and metallic nanoparticles-offer benefits like enhanced bioavailability, targeted delivery, improved stability, and reduced side effects. Innovative formulation strategies, including surface functionalization, particle size optimization, and use of biodegradable carriers, support controlled and sustained drug release. Additionally, production in non-aqueous …

  Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 54–67 Read article →

• Published Subscription Review Article 31 Jan 2026

  Drug Induced Immune Mediated Nephritis: Molecular Mechanism , Pathways and Clinical Implications

  By Prahala P.R, Samina Sameer, Sandra Pillai, Kiran K J, Prasobh G R, Anusha Jasmine, Kanthlal S K

  Abstract: Drug-induced immune-mediated nephritis (DI-IMN) has become a more widely known cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), with the potential for development to chronic kidney disease if not detected and treated promptly. T-cell hypersensitivity to pharmaceuticals, such as antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and immunological drugs, are the major causes for it. Beyond clinical burden, DI-IMN reflectsintricate molecular interactions that sustain interstitial inflammation and tubular injury. These interactions include …

  Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 13–29 Read article →

• Published Subscription Review Article 25 Jan 2026

  A brief survey on Alternative and Complementary Medicine with special reference to safety, toxins and toxicological concerns

  By Mohd. Wasiullah, Piyush Yadav, Akriti Yadav

  Abstract: Alternative and Complementary Medicine (ACM) is a wide range of healthcare practices that may be used within or alongside conventional medicine, and many of these practices are rapidly becoming accepted and integrated into the modern healthcare system. In addition to traditional medicine systems (e.g. Ayurveda, Unani Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Homeopathy), ACM includes practices that utilize natural remedies including herbal medicine, phytotherapy, naturopathy, acupuncture, yoga, and meditation. While these …

  Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 30–45 Read article →

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