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836 articles for “no-effect concentration”
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Comparison of Recovery Profile for Total Intravenous Anaesthesia (TIVA) Using Propofol And Remifentanil in Laparoscopic Surgeries
Abstract: Total Intravenous Anaesthesia (TIVA) has become an increasingly preferred technique in modern anaesthetic practice due to advantages such as reduced postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), improved hemodynamic stability, minimal environmental impact, and faster recovery compared to conventional inhalational anesthesia. Propofol in combination with remifentanil is widely used for TIVA because of its rapid onset and offset of action, which supports quick postoperative awakening and enhanced patient satisfaction. Target Controlled Infusion …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 39–50 Read article
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In Silico Drug Designing of Breast Cancer in Homo sapiens
Abstract: Breast cancer is a severe health concern in India, with the highest mortality rate among women. It is brought on by uncontrolled cell division and has the potential to spread to other body regions. As a transcription factor, interactions with estrogen receptor (ER) alpha are primarily responsible for malignant tumors through regulating the transcription of numerous genes. Because most of the medications now used to treat breast cancer have significant …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Computational Biology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 12–27 Read article
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In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Calotropis Procera
Abstract: Antioxidant activity of root of Calotropis procera extract was evaluated in a series of in vitro assay involving free radicals. IC50 values were determined. Extracts of I. coccinea exhibited scavenging effect in concentration dependent manner in all in vitro method. IC50 of ethyl acetate extract was 48.43, 75.811 and 60.60 μg/ml for 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and nitric oxide scavenging, respectively. Ethyl acetate extract shows good in vitro …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 11–14 Read article
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Patents on Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System: An Overview
Abstract: Background: Conventional oral dosage forms have poor bioavailability and recurrent dosing of the drug is needed to maintain the effective therapeutic concentration in the body. It may lead to poor patient compliance and fluctuations in the plasma level of drug especially in the chronic diseases and disorders. Origin: In outlook of this, to enhance the efficiency and bioavailability of the drug, gastroretentive drug delivery system is developed which can prolong …
Published in Trends in Drug Delivery · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 22–30 Read article
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Effect of Different Priming Methods on Germination Behaviour of Rice in Drought Environment
Abstract: Drought is a major abiotic stress that hinders germination and seedling growth in rice. Proper priming of seeds prior to sowing has been a well-established technique to improve germination and seedling growth under drought. An experiment was conducted in Agronomy lab of Lamjung campus to study the effectiveness of different priming methods in improving germination of rice under water stress. Experiment was laid out in Complete Randomized Design with 10 …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Crop science and Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 22–28 Read article
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Investigation of Areca Stem and Banana Stem fibre Hybrid Composites for Improved Strength and Sustainable Applications
Abstract: Research on natural fibre reinforced polymer composites as eco-friendly substitutes for traditional synthetic composites has intensified due to growing need for sustainable engineering materials. This work used the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array to experimentally examine and optimize the mechanical behaviour of hybrid epoxy composites reinforced with areca and banana fibres. The impacts of epoxy matrix composition, areca and banana fibre content on the composite’s tensile strength, impact strength, flexural strength, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 Read article
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In Vivo and In Vitro Antioxidative Efficacy of Naringenin on Cadmium -Induced Toxicity in Rats
Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the in vivo circulating antioxidants level such as vitamin C, vitamin E and GSH in Cadmium (Cd) induced toxic rats and the protective efficacy of naringenin via in vitro free radical scavenging assays. In this investigation cadmium chloride (5 mg/kg body weight (b.w) was administered orally (p.o) for 28 days to induce toxicity. Naringenin was pre-administered orally (50 mg/kg body weight) for …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2013 · pp. 9–16 Read article
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Studies on Physiochemical Attributes and Sensory Evaluation of Steamed Sweetened Dairy Products and there will be an Innovative Study in Food Science
Abstract: Chhana is one of the popular traditional Indian dairy products. It is high in nutritive value, consumed by people of different age group almost in every house. Chhana is mainly used as base ingredients for manufacturing of sweetmeats, especially in eastern region of India. To increase the palatability of chhana, an attempt was taken to develop a product-steamed sweetened chhana by adding sugar into chhana and steaming the mixture. On …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 36–45 Read article
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Formulation and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Bilayered Floating Tablets of Famotidine: Effect of Formulation Variables and in vitro in vivo Evaluation
Abstract: The present investigation concerns the development of bilayered floating tablets of famotidine for prolongation of gastric residence time. An attempt was made to prepare bilayered floating tablets of famotidine by direct compression method. Two layered formulations were designed with an immediate release layer (IR) comprising of the drug, the super disintegrant Croscarmellose sodium along with the other diluents like microcrystalline cellulose and dicalcium phosphate. Three batches of immediate release layer …
Published in Trends in Drug Delivery · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 1–17 Read article
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In vitro Combination Studies of Antibiotics against Bacterial Pathogens
Abstract: Antibiotic-resistant microorganisms are emerging worldwide and causing serious complications. As these microorganisms are resistant to most of the contemporary antibiotics, their control is becoming as a global health concern. Therefore, there is a need for new alternative compounds or strategies that are effective against these microbial infections and in preventing or delaying their resistance. This study was carried out to test Rifampicin as an adjuvant therapeutic agent in the treatment …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2012 · pp. 27–38 Read article
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Effects of Chlorpyrifos as Inducer for Oxidative Stress in Liver, Kidney and Spleen of Freshwater Fish, Pseudetroplus maculatus (Bloch, 1795)
Abstract: Chlorpyrifos is one of the most common organophosphate insecticides found abundantly in freshwater ecosystems and has been detected in agricultural and fishery products worldwide. The study focused to determine the effect of chlorpyrifos on the induction of oxidative stress in freshwater fish Pseudetroplus maculatus. Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.661 and 1.32 μg/l) of chlorpyrifos for 15 and 30 days. Activities of antioxidant enzymes and the levels of hydrogen …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 20–29 Read article
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Flexure and vibration of thick beams using trigonometric shear deformation theory
Abstract: A trigonometric shear deformation theory is used for flexural analysis of thick beams, taking into account transverse shear deformation effect. The theory accounts for cosine distribution of transverse shear strain through the thickness of the beam. The governing differential equations and boundary conditions are obtained by using the principle of virtual work. The general solutions for the transverse displacement and rotation are presented for transversely loaded beams. The solutions for …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2010 · pp. 1–27 Read article
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Entropy Analysis of Unsteady MHD Bioconvective Nanofluid between Parallel Disks under Squeezing Motion and Multiple Slip Conditions.
Abstract: This research offers valuable insights for improving heat transfer and minimizing entropy generation in engineering systems that involve nanofluids and microorganisms. It investigates the unsteady squeezing bioconvection flow of a nanofluid between two parallel disks, with a focus on entropy generation, flow dynamics, heat transfer, and the concentration of both nanoparticles and microorganisms. The lower disk is stretched horizontally and subjected to suction, while the upper disk moves vertically, creating …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 28, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 17–40 Read article
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Structural Characterization of (Co, Mn) Co-doped ZnO Thin Films by Sol-Gel Spin Coating Method
Abstract: Cobalt (Co) and manganese (Mn) co-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films were prepared by sol-gel spin coating method on quartz substrate by varying the dopants concentration. Co0.02Mn0.08Zn0.90O; Co0.05Mn0.05Zn0.90O and Co0.08Mn0.02Zn0.90O thin films were deposited using different rates of cobalt acetate tetrahydarte, manganese acetate tetrahydrate and zinc acetate dihydrate solutions. The effects of dopants concentration were investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD pattern shows that the deposited films have polycrystalline …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 17–21 Read article
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Study The Effect of The Alcoholic and Hot Aqueous Extract of Costus specious on Some Bacterial Species
Abstract: Plant extracts are among the methods that have been used since ancient times in alternative medicine and are still developing until recently with the progress of science and modern technologies. These materials can be used in the composition of many pharmaceutical drugs. The current research aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of alcoholic and hot aqueous extract of the roots of Costus specious on some gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (Enterococcus …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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Drug Delivery Systems and Innovations
Abstract: The aim of this study was to develop a controlled release system targeting antibiotic distribution to the stomach. The hydrogels were synthesized by utilizing chitosan, poly(acrylic acid) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) polymers cross linked with glutaraldehyde and N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide. Interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN) hydrogels were compare by varying the concentration of crosslinking agent (glutaraldehyde). The amount of chitosan, poly(acrylic acid), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) and N, N’-methylenebisacrylamide were kept constant in all formulations. …
Published in Trends in Drug Delivery · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 10–20 Read article
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Green Renewable Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Embedded in a Polymer-Enzyme Composite for Wastewater Treatment in Hail, Saudi Arabia
Abstract: Effective wastewater treatment through green and sustainable approach is one of the primaries concerning issue of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to resolve water scarcity. KSA has witnessed massive industrial development over the last four decades alongwith majorly generate wastewater pollution. Therefore, sustainable wastewater treatment is among primary research goal of KSA and current study is also targeted in this direction. Henceforth, The objective of the present study is …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 297–305 Read article
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Hydrolysis-Driven Optimization of Hydroxypropyl Maize Starch for Improved Micro-Pellet Binding and Quick Solubility of Spirulina-Based Micro-Pellets
Abstract: Acid hydrolysis is a well-established approach for modifying the physicochemical properties of polysaccharides & macromolecules including hydroxypropyl Maize starch (HPMS). In this study, the effect of varying concentrations of hydrochloric acid on the partial hydrolytic degradation of HPMS (Lycoat RS-780) was investigated at 85°C for 4 h, yielding polymers of different molecular weights. The Acid-mediated degradation effects on polymer characteristics were systematically assessed using capillary viscometry and gel permeation chromatography …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 17, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 41–61 Read article
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A Review of Experimental and Numerical Investigation on the Heat Transfer in Micro-Channel Heat Exchanger for Various Nano Fluids
Abstract: AbstractA tremendous amount of work has been carried out on micro and nanoscale heat exchanger. Cooling requirement is increasing day by day in field of, high performance Aircraft gas turbine engines, Heat pumps, Air conditioning, Heat recovery ventilators, Integrated circuits (IC), VLSI devices, Computer chips, Printed circuit boards and biomedical applications etc. Many investigators focused on parameters such as Reynolds number, cross cut length, pressure drop, particle concentration of Nano …
Published in Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Assessment of Hepatic Damage in Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) Exposed to Azo dye C. I. Direct Green 6
Abstract: Textile industries are one of the major backbones of Indian economy. They are the major reason for contamination of water bodies and their toxicity to ecosystem is an alarming environmental issue. The present study was designed to evaluate the hepatotoxic effects of C.I. Direct Green 6 (DG 6), a commercially used textile azo dye on Labeo rohita fingerlings. For this, L. rohita fingerlings were exposed to three sublethal concentrations (2.5, …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology · pp. 1–8 Read article