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484 articles for “forming limit”
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High Performance Liquid Chromatography: A short review
Abstract: High performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC) is an important qualitative and quantitative technique commonly used for estimating chemical , pharmaceutical and biological samples. It is the most versatile, reliable, safest and fastest chromatographic technique for the quality control of drug components. This article was prepared with the intention of reviewing various aspects of HPLC, such as theory, instrumentation, form, application and limitation.
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 20–26 Read article
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A Particle-Derived Nonlinear Dynamical Framework for Bubble Oscillations: Reduced-Order Modeling, Bifurcation Analysis, and Optimal Stabilization
Abstract: Particle-based fluid simulation has emerged as a powerful computational framework for modeling complex multiphase flows involving large deformations, moving interfaces, and nonlinear fluid interactions that challenge conventional mesh-based approaches. In this work, a nonlinear dynamical systems framework is developed for particle-resolved bubble oscillations by constructing a reduced-order model that preserves the dominant physical mechanisms governing bubble interface evolution. The formulation represents the bubble dynamics through coupled radial and shape deformation …
Published in Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 11–33 Read article
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Enhancement of Aqueous Solubility of Etoposide Using Solid Dispersion Technique
Abstract: Objective: The objective of present research work was to enhance the aqueous solubility of Etoposide using solid dispersion technique. Methods: Formulation of solid dispersion by using different polymers and their different ratio with the used of solid dispersion technique. Solid dispersion formulation F-1 to F-9 were prepared by using different type and different concentration of polymers like PEG-6000, PEG-4000 poloxomer 407 and ethanol respectively. Results: The solid dispersion formulation were …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 29–37 Read article
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Preparation of Oral Gels Containing Ethanolic Extract of anacardiumoccidentale L and Characterization
Abstract: The anti-microbial activity of gel containing Anacardiumoccidentale L. leaf extract was investigated. A total of four formulations (ST1–ST4) and a control (without leaf extract) were prepared. All the formulations were evaluated for physical appearance and physical properties of gel like pH, viscosity, spreadability and extrudability. The results of all the physical parameters of the gel were found to be within the limits. All the four formulations including control were evaluated …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacognosy · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 16–20 Read article
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Formulation and Evaluation of Verapamil Solid Dispersion Tablets for Solubility Enhancement
Abstract: This study was mainly designed to solve the drawbacks of conventional verapamil solid dosage form, low bioavailability and limited clinical efficacy, by preparing solid dispersion. Verapamil solid dispersion was developed by kneading method, melt solvent method and co-precipitation method to modify the release and enhance solubility of the drug. The physical state of the dispersed verapamil in the polymer matrix was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 39–54 Read article
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Rapid Determination of Content of Etoricoxib in Pharmaceutical Formulations by Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy
Abstract: The present paper is an attempt to highlight a new technique FTIR-ATR along with its referenced validated method, UV spectrophotometric analysis. Different concentrations of etoricoxib were used as samples to draw standard plot. From different samples, a transmission spectrum was recorded according to the prominence of peaks. The present study has chosen the three most prominent peaks for analytical purpose in case of samples of etoricoxib and marketed formulations. All …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2013 · pp. 20–32 Read article
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Effect of Local Application of Phenytoin on Wound Healing in Surgical Wounds: A Scientific Review
Abstract: Surgical wound healing is a dynamic biological process influenced by local tissue response, vascularity, infection control, and systemic patient factors. Delayed wound healing contributes significantly to postoperative morbidity and healthcare costs. Phenytoin, a hydantoin derivative traditionally used as an antiepileptic agent, has demonstrated unexpected wound-healing properties when applied topically. This review critically evaluates experimental and clinical evidence regarding the role of locally applied phenytoin in enhancing wound healing in surgical …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 15–19 Read article
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Patents on Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System: An Overview
Abstract: Background: Conventional oral dosage forms have poor bioavailability and recurrent dosing of the drug is needed to maintain the effective therapeutic concentration in the body. It may lead to poor patient compliance and fluctuations in the plasma level of drug especially in the chronic diseases and disorders. Origin: In outlook of this, to enhance the efficiency and bioavailability of the drug, gastroretentive drug delivery system is developed which can prolong …
Published in Trends in Drug Delivery · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 22–30 Read article
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Authentication of a Rapid RP-HPLC technique for Quantification of Remogliflozin and Metformin in Medicinal Formulations
Abstract: A new, precise, and stability-assessing advanced liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique for simultaneous quantification of Remogliflozin and Metformin in fixed dose pharmaceutical formulations was designed and verified. Optimization of the technique was carried out on flowing phase composed of ethanenitrile and buffer, under isocratic conditions, the resolution of peak being sharp with retention times of 3.24 min and 4.89 min for Remogliflozin and Metformin, respectively. Technology suitability was confirmed by the …
Published in Trends in Drug Delivery · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 70–77 Read article
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Formulation and Evaluation of a Natural Excipients-Based Diclofenac Sodium Topical Ointment
Abstract: The present study reports the formulation and evaluation of a diclofenac sodium topical ointment incorporating natural excipients to improve skin compatibility and formulation sustainability. Conventional topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) formulations frequently rely on synthetic excipients that may cause dermal irritation and pose environmental concerns. To address these limitations, a 1% w/w diclofenac sodium ointment was developed using aloe vera gel, glycerin, xanthan gum, peppermint oil, vitamin E, and isopropyl …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 14–26 Read article
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Pediatric and Geriatric Formulation Tailoring Dosage Form for Age-Specific Needs
Abstract: This comprehensive review addresses the critical challenges and advancements in the formulation of oral medications for pediatric and geriatric populations, who often face unique pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences. The World Health Organization highlights that nearly 50% of long-term medications are not adhered to, with significant implications for health outcomes. Pediatric patients, due to their developmental stages, and geriatric patients, due to age-related physiological changes, require tailored drug formulations to enhance …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 89–103 Read article
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Recent Advances & Prospects of Transferosomes for Transdermal Delivery: Trends in Drug Delivery
Abstract: There have been several non-invasive administrations that have emerged recently to replace conventional needle injections. With its minimal rejection rate, remarkable ease of administration, and remarkable patient comfort and perseverance, the transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) is the most attractive of them all. The skincare industry, which includes cosmetics, may also find use for TDDS in addition to the pharmaceutical industry. As this strategy mainly entails local drug administration, it …
Published in Trends in Drug Delivery · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 01–21 Read article
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Tackling Racial Prejudice with Music: A Perspective
Abstract: Despite long efforts in eradicating racial discrimination and the thrive for an egalitarian society, racism still pervades to haunt humanity. With racial discrimination comes prejudice. In fact, it is prejudice that functions as the base for discriminatory psyche and dehumanizing the ‘others’. Prejudice as thought of, could have evolved as a necessary tenet for survival. Human brains are able to differentiate between in group (us) and out group (them) within …
Published in OmniScience: A Multi-disciplinary Journal · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 12–14 Read article
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Development and validation of a method for simulataneous determination of tenovifir disoproxil fumarate emtriculabine and isonized in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form using RP-HPLC with relevance to toxicological aspects
Abstract: Hence, proposed analytical methods are simple, novel, economical, rapid, sensitive, reproducible and accurate for the Simultaneous estimation of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, Emtricitabine and Isoniazid in Bulk and Phamaceutical dosage form by using RP- HPLC. This Method gives reliable assay results with short analysis time using mobile phase of Acetonitrile : 0.02M Potassium Dihydrogen Orthophosphate: water (pH 5.3) in the ratio of 60: 25: 15 respectively. Retention time was found to …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 17–25 Read article
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A Better Technique for Controlling Torque to Preload Relationship in the Accurate Assembly of Tiny Threaded Bolt Joints
Abstract: Our industrial, commercial, and even civil worlds are made possible by threaded fasteners or connections, which include all types of bolts. They offer an easy way to connect a limitless number of small parts to form large and practical objects like printing presses, cars, airplanes, and buildings. This paper describes the ways to determine torque to preload relationship in threaded connection and finalizing the optimum torque to be applied. Explains …
Published in International Journal of Fracture Mechanics and Damage Science · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 30–38 Read article
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An Effective & Novel Approach as Gastro-retentive Drug Delivery Systems
Abstract: Researcher’s curiosity about gastro-retentive drug delivery system increased so high in recent years because of its excellent drug releasing properties to the target site. The delivery system's residence time in the stomach can be extended with the usage of gastro-retentive drug delivery system by using a number of natural and synthetic polymers such as guar gum, hydoxy propyl methyl cellulose which can be used to improve the bioavailability of a …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 47–54 Read article
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Exploring Biomedical Innovations in the Formulation and Assessment of Medicated Hard Candy Lozenges Containing Metoclopramide Hydrochloride
Abstract: The objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate metoclopramide hydrochloride medicated lozenges for antiemetic action through buccal absorption by incorporating a polymer. All formulations were developed and assessed for in-vitro drug release, physical appearance, weight variation, thickness, hardness, moisture content, mouth-dissolving time, and drug content. The prepared lozenges exhibited uniformity in weight and thickness. The hardness of all formulations ranged between 7.3–15.50 kg/cm², falling within standard limits. The …
Published in International Journal of Biomedical Innovations and Engineering · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 50–62 Read article
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Solubility Enhancement Technique for Verapamil by Solid Dispersion Method
Abstract: By creating a solid dispersion, this study aimed to address the limitations of the traditional solid dosage form of verapamil, including its low bioavailability and restricted clinical efficacy. In order to alter the drug's release and improve its solubility, verapamil solid dispersion was created using the Solvent Evaporation Method and Fusion Method. The physical state of the solid dispersed verapamil was determined using saturation solubility testing and dissolution studies. Verapamil …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 94–99 Read article
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Semiring-Weighted Automata and Recursive Path Counting for Multi-State Reliability in Discrete Infrastructures
Abstract: Multi-state infrastructures such as communication backbones, microgrids, warehouse routing systems, and sensor-actuator pipelines evolve through discrete event sequences rather than through a single binary "working/failed" transition. This paper develops a semiring-weighted automata framework for reliability analysis in which state changes, repair actions, and degraded operating modes are represented by weighted transitions on a finite automaton. A path valuation is defined over an additively idempotent reliability semiring and extended to a …
Published in Research & Reviews: Discrete Mathematical Structures · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 30–36 Read article
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Solanum viarum Dunal: Ethnomedicinal Importance, Phytochemical Profile and Pharmacological Potential — A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Solanum viarum Dunal, commonly known as tropical soda apple or Sodom apple, is a medicinally important plant belonging to the family Solanaceae. The plant has been widely utilized in traditional medicine systems for the treatment of fever, cough, skin disorders, inflammation, gastrointestinal ailments, and microbial infections. The present review comprehensively summarizes the ethnomedicinal importance, phytochemical profile, pharmacological activities, and pharmaceutical significance of S. viarum. Literature reports indicate that the plant …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacognosy · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2026 Read article