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97 articles for “Formulation of problem”
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THE FACTORS THAT SHOULD INFLUENCE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION PROGRAMS ACROSS THE GLOBE
Abstract: World is in a state of a long fight with poverty since technology advancement’s and automation came into existence, various policies and poverty alleviation programs mutually by many of the governing governments and policymakers have been put in place with the goal to eradicate poverty which however they have not yielded the expected result. The goal of this qualitative study was to investigate the claim by beneficiaries & policy lawmakers …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Efficacy of a Unani Formulation in Improving Fairness: A Clinical Study
Abstract: Physicians and dermatologists are searching for preparation of long-term topical dermal care treatments to address problems of skin hyper-pigmentation. Some women want to “lighten” skin tone by achieving improved visible tone. Unani system of medicine contains treatise of crude and compound formulations that can be administered orally and locally in improving fairness. These preparations are useful, effective and well tolerated. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 1–3 Read article
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Determination of the Optimal Generation Location using Particle Swarm Optimization
Abstract: This paper presents an optimization approach to determine the optimal location for installing a new generator in which the technical, economic and environmental aspects are all taken into consideration. The location that yields the minimum fuel costs, emission and system loss is considered as the optimal generation location. The formulated objective function and its constraints compose an optimization problem, which is solved using particle swarm optimization (PSO). The proposed PSO-based …
Published in Journal of Power Electronics and Power Systems · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2012 · pp. 34–44 Read article
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A Constraint-Driven Generative Design Methodology for Modular Actuated Robotic Components in Decentralized Manufacturing
Abstract: This work formalizes a constraint-driven generative design framework for actuator-integrated robotic components intended for decentralized additive manufacturing. Conventional topology optimization typically prioritizes structural efficiency while treating actuator integration, modular interfaces, and fabrication constraints as secondary considerations. In contrast, the proposed methodology encodes these requirements as first-order geometric and mechanical constraints prior to automated material redistribution. The framework defines preserved actuator geometry, bounded design envelopes, representative loading abstractions, and manufacturability-aware domains …
Published in International Journal of Robotics and Automation in Mechanics · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Distribution Power Loss Minimization by Network Reconfiguration and DG Placement
Abstract: AbstractThe paper presents an efficient algorithm for network reconfiguration associated with DG allocation to minimize real power losses in radial distribution networks. Selective Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (SPSO) is used to find new tie switches. Allocation of DG units has been done by new analytical approach. The proposed analytical method for optimal DG placement is developed based on a new mathematical formulation. DG type-I is used to solve the problem. …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 8–19 Read article
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A Novel Technique for Stability Testing of Alliin and Sennosides in Unani Formulations
Abstract: Unani system of medicines is a science which deals with the preventive and promotive aspects of health of human beings and health problems that arise due to factors like ecological and/or environmental, which include humours categorized as blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile, and different biological fluids circulating in various vessels of the body. There is significant mandate in drug testing for a specific and precise analytical method for …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 Read article
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Numerical Modeling of Elastoviscoplastic Material Model in Strain Space
Abstract: Conventional material non-linear analysis works with stress-space plasticity. It uses yield function, loading-unloading criteria, and flow rule in terms of stress parameters. It shows ambiguity in loading-unloading criteria for softening materials. During such situations, an alternative strain-space formulation becomes quite useful to carry out analysis of such materials. The viscoplastic response of materials requires the time integration of system of non-linear first order differential equations. In viscoplasiticy, the constitutive equation …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 9–14 Read article
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Formulation and Evaluation of Luliconazole Loaded Microemulgel
Abstract: The aim of present study is to formulate and evaluate Luliconazole Microemulgel. Microemulgel is combination of microemulsion and gel. The problem associated with delivery of hydrophobic drug can be solved by incorporating drug in microemulsion and then microemulsion is combined with gel to form microemulgel. Solubility of Luliconazole is determined and it was found to be soluble in ethanol, methanol, chloroform, while it was insoluble in water. The melting point …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2026 Read article
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Vedic Mathematics in Algebra Techniques, and Problem-Solving Benefits
Abstract: The sixteen Sutras and thirteen Sub-Sutras form the foundation of Vedic algebraic mathematics. This article discusses the Buddha's teachings and shows how to use them to solve algebra problems. Unified mathematics is defined as a state where processes can refer to and understand each other. Vedic formulas, which can be utilized for addition, subtraction, division, and other mathematical operations, are taught with examples. Vedic mathematics not only saves time, but …
Published in Research & Reviews: Discrete Mathematical Structures · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 23–28 Read article
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Biodegradable and Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Sustainable Biomedical Applications
Abstract: Liposomal drug delivery has evolved into a viable approach in modern pharmacology thanks to its enhanced bioavailability, reduced systemic toxicity, and targeted drug release. Conventional liposomes have limited stability, medicine leakage, and short circulation times among other problems. Overcoming these limits, the inclusion of nano-polymers into liposomal formulations has transformed medication delivery. Thorough research has been done on the potential of nano-polymers including chitosan, hyaluronic acid, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 420–432 Read article
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Optimization of Machining Parameters for Minimum Surface Roughness Indicators during the Turning of AISI 316 L Stainless Steel
Abstract: Turning is the most common process associated with the production of cylindrical shapes because of its simplicity, rapidity and economy. However, it is one of the most complex cutting processes. Turning is considered to be a complementary process of other more important processes, and yet 70% of the generated chip comes from this cutting technique. Quality plays important role in manufacturing industry. In on-line quality control, controller is provided with …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 24–30 Read article
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Development of a Simplified Mathematical Modelling for the Job Shop Scheduling to Calculate Makespan
Abstract: In this paper, mathematical modelling is prepared for job shop scheduling problem. Makespan is calculated using maximum machine time. Matlab algorithm is developed for mathematical modelling. Formula is tested using various case studies. Gantt chart is prepared for graphical representation of solution. Results have been verified for mathematical modelling using Gantt chart approach.Cite this ArticleKagthara MS, Bhatt MG. Development of a Simplified Mathematical Modelling for the Job Shop Scheduling to …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 22–25 Read article
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Antibacterial Multi-Herbal Hand Sanitizer Description and Review
Abstract: Many hand sanitizers on the market contain alcohol formulations that can lead to various issues. In response, we have focused on developing alternative hand washing solutions using detergents to address problems such as dermatitis, itching, dryness, and irritation. Our current efforts involve creating a range of hand sanitizers enriched with ingredients like aloe vera gel, Rita, Azadirachta indica, holy basil, reetha fruit, eucalyptus (Nilgiri), rose, and citrus fruits. Additionally, we …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacognosy · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 10–16 Read article
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Spectral Intuitionistic Fuzzy Hypergraph Operators and Dominance Kernels for Resilient Discrete Network Design
Abstract: A new discrete-mathematical framework is developed for resilient network design on intuitionistic fuzzy hypergraphs, where uncertainty is explicitly represented through membership, non-membership, and hesitation degrees associated with both vertices and hyperedges. These three components are systematically integrated into an effective incidence operator that captures the underlying uncertain relationships within complex hypergraph structures. Based on this operator, both un-normalised and normalized Laplacian matrices are formulated to characterize the spectral properties and …
Published in Recent Trends in Mathematics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 41–48 Read article
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Pharmacy Teachers' Contribution to Preserving Education's Integrity and Quality in the AI Era
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence through its modern approach supports the development of pharmacy education through customized methods and automatic evaluation systems and computerized training exercises. Students benefit from AI tools which include intelligent tutoring systems together with virtual assistants and simulation platforms because these tools improve their knowledge of pharmacology and drug formulation as well as clinical practice. The transition to AI-controlled education creates new academic integrity issues and ethical problems and …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 20–42 Read article
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Determination of Bearing Strength Characteristics of Fine and Coarse Cohesive Soils from its Index Properties
Abstract: The variation in geology, cost and complexity in the preparation and testing for strength characteristics of soils from location to location has challenged geotechnical engineers to make optimum use of empirical formulas to predict bearing strength characteristics of soils. One major One major One major One major One major One major problem associated with bearing capacity of soil includes the different engineering properties associated with different geologic formations which have …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Child-Friendly Innovation: A New Era in Pediatric Drug Delivery Systems
Abstract: Pediatric formulations are becoming more and more popular as a result of advancements in pharmaceutical delivery technology. For young patients, there isn't a safe and effective drug delivery system in place. Since children's pharmacokinetics and pathophysiologic profiles differ from those of adults, it is imperative to design and develop an innovative and appropriate delivery system to provide accurate and dependable medicine administration to pediatric patients. Discussions will be held under …
Published in Trends in Drug Delivery · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 26–34 Read article
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Phytopharmacognostical Study and Development & Assessment of Topical Herbal Ointment from Leaves of Calotropis gigantea
Abstract: Joint pain is a common problem that affects people all over the world and calls for efficient treatment solutions. The present study investigated the creation of a topical formulation for the treatment of joint pain that uses an extract from the leaves of Calotropis gigantea. C. gigantea is sometimes referred to as huge milk weed and aak leaves. It is a member of the Apocynaceae family. This versatile plant has …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 114–120 Read article
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Formulation And Evaluation of Herbal Handwash
Abstract: An herbal hand wash was created utilizing extracts from the neem, hibiscus, and reetha plants. The produced herbal hand wash was tested for antibiotic sensitivity against skin infections using Disc. Comparison between the diffusion method and outcomes and the antiseptic soap that goes for commercially. The main sites of infection are the hands. Microbiological infections have become a serious problem for both workers and children. Hand washing is very important …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Herbal Science · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 39–46 Read article
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A Study on The Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Pharmaceuticals
Abstract: The main goal of artificial intelligence (AI) is to create intelligent modeling, which facilitates knowledge imagination, problem-solving, and decision-making. AI is becoming more and more significant in several pharmacy domains, including polypharmacology, hospital pharmacy, drug discovery, and drug delivery formulation development. Various types of artificial neural networks (ANNs), including deep neural networks (DNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs), are utilized in the development of drug delivery formulations and in drug …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 24–32 Read article