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31 articles for “immune reaction”
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SiRNA-Based Multivalent Vaccines: A Systematic Review of Potential Risks, Benefits, and Future Applications
Abstract: Background: Small interfering RNA (SiRNA) technology represents a promising innovation in vaccine development, especially for multivalent vaccines that can target multiple pathogens or antigenic variants simultaneously. siRNA-based vaccines offer a unique mechanism to induce specific immune responses, presenting an adaptable and potentially powerful tool for tackling infectious diseases and cancer. Methods: This systematic review synthesizes recent studies on siRNA multivalent vaccines, focusing on their immunogenicity, safety, and effectiveness. We reviewed …
Published in International Journal of Vaccines · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 43–49 Read article
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Drug Induced Immune Mediated Nephritis: Molecular Mechanism , Pathways and Clinical Implications
Abstract: Drug-induced immune-mediated nephritis (DI-IMN) has become a more widely known cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), with the potential for development to chronic kidney disease if not detected and treated promptly. T-cell hypersensitivity to pharmaceuticals, such as antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and immunological drugs, are the major causes for it. Beyond clinical burden, DI-IMN reflectsintricate molecular interactions that sustain interstitial inflammation and tubular injury. These interactions include …
Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 13–29 Read article
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Concurrent Infection of Influenza and COVID-19: A Review
Abstract: In December 2019, a novel coronavirus that causes respiratory illnesses was identified in Wuhan, China, and swiftly spread around the world. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a virus that spreads via the respiratory system and can cause pneumonia. Members of the Orthomyxoviridae family include influenza viruses. Although there are four genera in this family, influenza is only caused by genera A and B, which are clinically important for …
Published in International Journal of Virus Studies · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 7–15 Read article
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Blood Cell Saver Machine
Abstract: Intraoperative Cell Salvage (ICS) is a crucial technique in modern surgical practice aimed at minimizing the need for allogeneic blood transfusions. By collecting, filtering, washing, and re-infusing a patient’s own blood lost during surgery, ICS provides a safer and cost-effective alternative to donor transfusion, reducing the risk of transfusion-related infections and immunologic reactions. Initially conceptualized in the early 19th century, ICS technology evolved significantly with the introduction of the Cell …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 51–59 Read article
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An Overview of Gene Therapy
Abstract: Gene therapy is a revolutionary technique in medical science that seeks to cure or stop illnesses by means of introducing, altering, or quieting genes inside a patient's cells. Advancements in molecular biology, genetics, and biotechnology have propelled this field forward markedly changed over the last few decades. The underlying idea of gene therapy is to introduce genetic material into target cells via viral or non-viral vectors to rectify faulty genes, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 16, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 89–105 Read article
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Innovations in Gene Therapy: Revolutionizing Treatment for Genetic Disorders and Diseases
Abstract: Gene therapy is a revolutionary intervention in the treatment of genetic diseases since it is an intervention that aims at the very source of diseases, through editing and modification of genes. More recent innovations in gene editing systems, such as CRISPR-Cas9, CRISPR-Cas12, and prime editing, have greatly increased the accuracy and effectiveness of gene therapies, enabling more specific therapies. The opportunities of personalized medicine are also extended by the creation …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Impact of Vaccine Awareness Campaigns on Pharmacovigilance Reporting and Public Safety Monitoring
Abstract: Vaccination programs have significantly contributed to the reduction of infectious diseases worldwide; however, their success is closely tied to public confidence and robust safety monitoring systems. Pharmacovigilance plays a critical role in identifying, assessing, and preventing adverse events following immunization (AEFI). In recent years, vaccine awareness campaigns have emerged as a pivotal strategy to improve public knowledge, reduce vaccine hesitancy, and enhance reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This review …
Published in International Journal of Vaccines · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–14 Read article
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Exploring the Pathophysiology of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP): A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Blood from tiny veins can leak into nearby tissues, causing purpura, a disorder marked by red spots or patches on the skin that may have an impact on the kidneys. Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is associated with vasculitis and inflammation of blood vessels. The range of renal conditions associated with purpura includes severe glomerulonephritis and mild proteinuria. For instance, immunological complex accumulation in the renal glomeruli of HSP patients might result …
Published in International Journal of Cell Biology and Cellular Functions Read article
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Milk Allergy: Significance, Detection and Management
Abstract: Milk allergy is a significant public health issue, particularly among infants and young children, with prevalence rates between 2 and 6% in early childhood, declining to 0.1–0.5% in adulthood. It is an immune-mediated adverse reaction to milk proteins, primarily involving immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated responses. Symptoms range from gastrointestinal distress and respiratory complications to severe anaphylaxis. The etiology of milk allergy involves genetic predisposition, environmental factors, an immature immune system, and …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 15–19 Read article
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Development of Zinc Gluconate Vitamin C Effervescent Tablet for Immunity Improvement and Management of Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19)
Abstract: The global pandemic of coronavirus disease- 2019 (COVID-19) continues to pose a threat to people, societies, and economic and healthcare systems. COVID-19s progression and lethality are determine by the host immune system, as is the case with many other diseases. revolutionary idea that has been used to treat other diseases is the control of inflammatory response and cytokine production based on immunonutrition. Some COVID-19 clinical trials are now using zinc, …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2024 Read article
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Neuro-Rehabilitation Reimagined: A Cross-Cultural Paradigm Integrating Immunotherapeutics and Multidimensional Analytics in Pediatric Cerebral Palsy
Abstract: Researchers performed multidimensional data analysis on the clinical records of 1,586 cerebral palsy pediatric patients to investigate the rehabilitative benefits of immunotherapy and the advantages of blending Traditional Chinese Medicine with Western treatments. A multi-center, prospective cohort study established a standardized system for data gathering that included clinical baseline databases along with treatment protocols and follow-up information. Baseline data analysis showed substantial patient diversity across clinical types and TCM syndromes …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 67–84 Read article
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Integrative Therapeutics for Antimicrobial Resistance and Autoimmune Disease: Evidence and Pathways
Abstract: Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is accelerating globally, while autoimmune diseases and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) continue to rise. Ayurveda offers immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, and detoxification‑oriented interventions that may complement biomedical strategies. Objective: To propose a hypothesis‑driven integrative model combining Ayurvedic phytotherapy, panchakarma detoxification, and personalized dosha‑based care with evidence‑based medical management to mitigate AMR emergence, modulate autoimmunity, and reduce ADR incidence. Methods: A synthesis of mechanistic literature on Ayurvedic herbs with …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 25–30 Read article
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Cow’s Milk Allergy: Prevalence, Diagnosis, and Alternative Formulations
Abstract: Cow’s Milk Allergy (CMA) occurs when the immune system reacts to proteins in cow’s milk, like casein and whey. In individuals with CMA, the immune system wrongly perceives these proteins as threats, causing allergic reactions when cow’s milk is consumed. Unlike lactose intolerance, which results from the body’s inability to digest lactose – a sugar in milk – due to a deficiency of the enzyme lactase, CMA is an immune …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 22–26 Read article
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Experimental Study on the Effect of Membranous Milkvetch and Ledebouriella divaricate Immunomodulatory Tablets on cytokine production in allergic rhinitis model mice
Abstract: We have established allergic rhinitis models for use in the treatment of allergic rhinitis with the help of the traditionall Koryo medicine administration, lade-screen Powder-extracted Membranous Milkvetch and Ledebouriella divaricate immunomodulatory tablet and the effect of lade-screen Powder on cytokine production in allergic rhinitis model mice. In the allergic rhinitis model, the administration of Membranous Milkvetch and Ledebouriella divaricate immunomodulatory tablets, along with Lade-screen Powder, demonstrated significant therapeutic effects. These …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 Read article
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Advanced Techniques in Filler Layering for the Malar Region: Implications for Cellular Integrity and Long-Term Outcomes
Abstract: Objective: This review investigates advanced filler layering techniques for the malar region, focusing on cellular integration, collagen remodeling, hydration dynamics via aquaporin channels, genetic responses, and filler performance over time. Emphasis is placed on high-density HA fillers (Lyft, Voluma, Volift, and Volux), examining cellular-level mechanisms, genetic interactions, and the role of key pathways (TGF-β, ERK/MAPK, AQP3) in long-term outcomes. Methods: A systematic review was conducted, focusing on genetic, cellular, and …
Published in International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecule Research · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 10–19 Read article
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Demodex spp. (Acari: Demodicidae) Infestation in Humans: Diagnostic Clues and Therapeutic Approaches to Primary and Secondary Demodicosis.
Abstract: Demodicosis represents an inflammatory dermatosis and adnexal disorder arising from pathologic overgrowth of Demodex mites, primarily Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis, which are ubiquitous human ectoparasites residing in pilosebaceous units and eyelid margins. Once regarded as benign commensals, these mites are now recognized as primary drivers or key cofactors in diverse clinical phenotypes, including papulopustular eruptions, pityriasis folliculorum, rosacea-like disorders, blepharitis, meibomian gland dysfunction, and exacerbations of comorbid dermatoses such …
Published in International Journal of Insects · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 12–20 Read article
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Application of pET28a Vector for the Over Expression of Recombinant Human Tim23 Protein in E. coli and its Validation by Immunoblotting
Abstract: This study aimed to produce recombinant human Tim23 protein by molecular cloning, expression, and purification. Amplification of human TIM23 was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into DH5α cells. The pET28a-human TIM23 was transformed into BL21DE3 and expressed the gene by IPTG induction. Recombinant pure human Tim23 antigen was prepared, and injected into rabbits and polyclonal antibodies were raised, which was confirmed by western blotting. The transformed …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 32–44 Read article
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Vitamin D Mitigates Inflammation and Downregulates Importin α3 in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
Abstract: Background: Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, seem to play a crucial role in the progression of NAFLD as they activate the transcription factor NF-кB. The activated NF-кBp50/RelA subunits are translocated to the nucleus by Importin α3 and Importin α4. Numerous studies have indicated a negative association between NAFLD and vitamin D levels. Low vitamin D levels have been correlated with histological severity, necro-inflammation, and fibrosis in …
Published in International Journal of Cheminformatics · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–16 Read article
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Veterinary Mycology: Fungal Infections in Livestock and Companion Animals
Abstract: Fungal infections represent a significant yet often underestimated challenge in veterinary medicine, affecting both livestock and companion animals. Veterinary mycology encompasses a diverse group of pathogens, including yeasts, molds, dimorphic fungi, and dermatophytes, that can cause localized or systemic diseases with substantial health, economic, and zoonotic implications. In livestock species, such as cattle, sheep, goats, poultry, pigs, horses, and camels, fungal infections manifest as dermatophytosis, mycotic mastitis, aspergillosis, keratomycosis, and …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 44–51 Read article
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Comprehending Ancient Wisdom of Ayurveda: Unveiling Phytochemistry and Molecular Mechanisms of Rasayana Medicine
Abstract: Rasayana medicine is an integral part of ancient medical system of India. In Sanskrit ‘rasayana’ refers to “path of essence” and serves as one of the eight clinical specialties of classical Ayurveda. Rasayana focuses on restoring health by replenishing vital fluids of human body. According to Ayurveda, our physical body constitutes of seven dhatus called ‘Sapthdhatu’, sapth-seven and dhatu-tissues or microchannels. These channels are the pathway through which vital nutrients …
Published in Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 59–67 Read article