Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences Original Research

Application of pET28a Vector for the Over Expression of Recombinant Human Tim23 Protein in E. coli and its Validation by Immunoblotting

  1. Chandra Shekhar Anugula1 Department of Biochemistry University College of Science Osmania University, Hyderabad
  2. Karuna Rupula Department of Biochemistry University College of Science Osmania University, Hyderabad

Abstract

This study aimed to produce recombinant human Tim23 protein by molecular cloning, expression, and purification. Amplification of human TIM23 was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into DH5α cells. The pET28a-human TIM23 was transformed into BL21DE3 and expressed the gene by IPTG induction. Recombinant pure human Tim23 antigen was prepared, and injected into rabbits and polyclonal antibodies were raised, which was confirmed by western blotting. The transformed DH5α colonies screened for recombinant TIM23 on agarose gel electrophoresis depicted a specific band corresponding to ~5.4kb pET28a vector and a band at ~0.63 kb confirmed the clone. Overexpression of recombinant human Tim23 was confirmed by SDS-PAGE in BL21DE3 bacterial cells followed by purification by affinity chromatography. Furthermore, polyclonal antibodies were raised and validated by immunoblotting. This study concludes a fundamental and comprehensive study on the molecular cloning, expression, purification, and raising of antibodies against recombinant human Tim23. Characterization of the Tim23 protein will further enhance the existing knowledge on the biogenesis of mitochondria. The polyclonal antibody of Tim23 could be a useful tool for validating regulatory mechanisms in mitochondria.

Keywords

References (19)

  1. Zwizinski C, Schleyer M, Neupert W. Transfer of proteins into mitochondria. Precursor to the ADP/ATP carrier binds to receptor sites on isolated mitochondria. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1983;258(7):4071-4074. doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)32584-5
  2. Vestweber D, Brunner J, Baker A, Schatz G. A 42K outer-membrane protein is a component of the yeast mitochondrial protein import site. Nature. 1989;341(6239):205-209. doi:10.1038/341205a0
  3. Chacinska A, Lind M, Frazier AE, Dudek J, Meisinger C, Geissler A, et al. Mitochondrial Presequence Translocase: Switching between TOM Tethering and Motor Recruitment Involves Tim21 and Tim17. Cell. 2005;120(6):817-829. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.01.011
  4. Wiedemann N, Kozjak V, Chacinska A, Schönfisch B, Rospert S, Ryan MT, et al. Machinery for protein sorting and assembly in the mitochondrial outer membrane. Nature. 2003;424(6948):565-571. doi:10.1038/nature01753
  5. Chacinska A, Koehler CM, Milenkovic D, Lithgow T, Pfanner N. Importing Mitochondrial Proteins: Machineries and Mechanisms. Cell. 2009;138(4):628-644. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.08.005
  6. Popov‐Čeleketić D, Mapa K, Neupert W, Mokranjac D. Active remodelling of the TIM23 complex during translocation of preproteins into mitochondria. The EMBO Journal. 2008;27(10):1469-1480. doi:10.1038/emboj.2008.79
  7. Popov LD. Mitochondrial biogenesis: An update. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine. 2020;24(9):4892-4899. doi:10.1111/jcmm.15194
  8. Schäfer JA, Bozkurt S, Michaelis JB, Klann K, Münch C. Global mitochondrial protein import proteomics reveal distinct regulation by translation and translocation machinery. Molecular Cell. 2022;82(2):435-446.e7. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2021.11.004
  9. Xu Y, Xue D, Bankhead A, Neamati N. Why All the Fuss about Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS)? Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2020;63(23):14276-14307. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01013
  10. Sanz A, Stefanatos RKA. The Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Aging: A Critical View. Current Aging Sciencee. 2008;1(1):10-21. doi:10.2174/1874609810801010010
  11. Webb M, Sideris DP. Intimate Relations—Mitochondria and Ageing. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020;21(20):7580. doi:10.3390/ijms21207580
  12. Sickmann A, Reinders J, Wagner Y, Joppich C, Zahedi R, Meyer HE, et al. The proteome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondria. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2003;100(23):13207-13212. doi:10.1073/pnas.2135385100
  13. Gonczarowska-Jorge H, Zahedi RP, Sickmann A. The proteome of baker's yeast mitochondria. Mitochondrion. 2017;33:15-21. doi:10.1016/j.mito.2016.08.007
  14. Palmfeldt J, Bross P. Proteomics of human mitochondria. Mitochondrion. 2017;33:2-14. doi:10.1016/j.mito.2016.07.006
  15. Revathi Paramasivam O, Gopisetty G, Subramani J, Thangarajan R. Expression and affinity purification of recombinant mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal small subunit (MRPS) proteins and protein–protein interaction analysis indicate putative role in tumourigenic cellular processes. The Journal of Biochemistry. 2021;169(6):675-692. doi:10.1093/jb/mvab004
  16. Sahdev S, Khattar SK, Saini KS. Production of active eukaryotic proteins through bacterial expression systems: a review of the existing biotechnology strategies. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. 2007;307(1-2):249-264. doi:10.1007/s11010-007-9603-6
  17. Sezonov G, Joseleau-Petit DL, D'Ari R. Escherichia coli Physiology in Luria-Bertani Broth. Journal of Bacteriology. 2007;189(23):8746-8749. doi:10.1128/jb.01368-07
  18. Smekenov I, Alybayev S, Ayupov T, Rakhmatullaeva G, Bissenbaev A. A polyclonal antibody against a recombinantly expressed Triticum aestivum RHT-D1A protein. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. 2020;18(1):52. doi:10.1186/s43141-020-00072-4
  19. Leenaars M, Hendriksen CFM. Critical Steps in the Production of Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibodies: Evaluation and Recommendations. ILAR Journal. 2005;46(3):269-279. doi:10.1093/ilar.46.3.269
Support