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389 articles for “Bio-agents”
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The Silent Mineral: Structural Complexity and Industrial Utility of Natural Kaolin
Abstract: Kaolin, a naturally occurring aluminosilicate clay predominantly comprising the mineral kaolinite (Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄), exhibits a 1:1 layered silicate structure that imparts distinctive physicochemical properties suitable for extensive industrial utilization. Deposits of kaolin are broadly classified into primary (residual) and secondary (sedimentary) categories, each defined by their geological origin and mineralogical features. The industrial processing of kaolin encompasses stages such as raw material extraction, beneficiation, and purification, aiming to optimize parameters including …
Published in International Journal of Crystalline Materials · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 52–61 Read article
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Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Antitubercular Activity of Mannich Bases of Isoniazid-Containing Thiazolidin-4-one Rings
Abstract: Isoniazid (INH), the established antitubercular drug was selected as the lead for the design and development of antitubercular agents by many researchers. 4-thiazolidinones are well known heterocyclic compounds for their spectrum of biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal [1], anticancer [2], antitubercular, anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory [3], analgesic [4], antithyroid, local anaesthetic, monoamine oxidase inhibition, anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity etc [5]. Modification of thiazolidinones via Mannich reaction to improve biological activity is also …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Comparison between Methanolic and Ethanolic Extract of Calendula offcinalis (Antimicrobial agent) against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial study of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of marigold/zendu (Marathi) (Calendula officinalis linn.) petals against gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens. The antimicrobial study of C. officinalis extracts has been evaluated by disc diffusion method against number of bacteria and methanolic extract of C. officinalis exhibited better antibacterial activity against most of the bacteria tested, than ethanolic extract. Both methanol and ethanol …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 22–25 Read article
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Metals and Minerals in Pharmacy: Current Trends, Biomedical Applications, and Future Innovations
Abstract: Metals and minerals have played important roles in medicine for centuries, ranging from the use of simple mineral powders in traditional therapies to the development of modern metal-based drugs and nanomaterials. In recent years, advancements in material science, nanotechnology and pharmaceutical engineering have expanded the biomedical relevance of inorganic materials far beyond their conventional use as excipients. This review highlights the growing integration of metallic and mineral systems into pharmaceutical …
Published in International Journal of Minerals · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 12–24 Read article
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Biodegradable Polymer Nano Composites for Enhanced Drug Bioavailability
Abstract: Polymer-based nanoparticles have emerged as a revolutionary approach in drug delivery systems, particularly in enhancing the bioavailability of poorly soluble and unstable drugs. These nanoparticles, composed of both natural and synthetic polymers, serve as effective vehicles for encapsulating a wide range of therapeutic agents. Their surface characteristics can also be modified to enable targeted drug delivery, increasing the concentration of drugs at the site of action while minimizing side effects. …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 433–443 Read article
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Nature’s Pharmacy: Plant-Based Antifungal Agents and Their Therapeutic Potential
Abstract: Antifungal resistance has increased dramatically over the last 10 years, causing serious problems for healthcare because of higher morbidity and death. The urgent need for new treatments is highlighted by the scarcity of effective antifungal medications, their toxicity, and the rise of resistant strains. Since many plants have bioactive secondary metabolites with strong antifungal qualities, including alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolics, and saponins, ethnobotanical sources offer a viable path. Plants with …
Published in International Journal of Tropical Medicines · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Marine Fungi – An Expandable Source for Production of Novel Bioactive Metabolites: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: The marine environment, representing the largest and most extreme biome on Earth, serves as an unparalleled reservoir of biodiversity. Within this vast ecosystem, marine fungi have emerged as a prolific source of structurally diverse and pharmacologically active secondary metabolites. Dwelling in habitats characterized by extreme high salinity, high hydrostatic pressure, and low temperatures, these microorganisms have evolved unique biochemical and metabolic pathways to synthesize novel compounds, including pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids, cyclic …
Published in International Journal of Fungi · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 30–37 Read article
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A Brief Review of Interaction of Schiff Base Complexes with DNA: A Perceptive to Anti-cancer Agents
Abstract: Owing to the importance in design and development of new antitherapeutic and anticancer drugs, the contemporary research in this field requires an extensive study and untired contribution of bio-chemists in addition to that of pharmacologists and medical professionals. Keeping in view the recent reports in this field, especially, giving attention to the studies on the interaction of Schiff base complexes with DNA has been reviewed briefly. The recent trends in …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2013 · pp. 13–19 Read article
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Evaluation of Bio-Based Polymer Composites Containing Guava Leaf Extract for Antimicrobial Functionality
Abstract: This study explores the formulation of an herbal soap using guava leaf extract as a primary ingredient. Guava leaves are a rich source of biopolymers like pectin and cellulose, which may contribute to the binding properties in the soap. The antimicrobial activity of the soap was evaluated against common skin pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Trichoderma spp., Aspergillus spp.). The formulated soap exhibited inhibitory effects against all tested pathogens. The weight, foaming …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 875–880 Read article
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Biodisintegrable Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)/Sago Starch (SS) Composites for Food Packaging Applications
Abstract: Research scientists are very interested in polysaccharide-filled plastics as a way to create a biodisintegrable polymer composite. The goal of the current study is to employ SS to create a biodisintegrable polymer composite, which could pave the way for a more user-friendly polymer composite in the future. In this study, LDPE/SS biodisintegrable composites were created by physically blending SS and LDPE in a Brabender mixer. The effects of varying the …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Grey Water Treatment-A Biotechnology Approach using Indigenously Prepared Garbage Enzyme
Abstract: AbstractEnzymes are protein molecules that have catalytic function indispensable to maintenance and activity of life. Chemical reactions occur in living organisms. Garbage enzyme is the solution to recover our ozone layer and lower the global temperature. In garbage enzyme production ozone gas is generated which reduce CO2 in the atmosphere and also helpto purify the cloud and become white colour, due to reflection from the sea in the sky looks …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Role of Artificial Intelligence in Simulation and Therapeutics in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, etc., are a cause of significant mortality rates due to a lack of curative treatments and their complex nature. Traditional therapeutic methodologies have several disadvantages such as slow diagnosis and a lack of effective treatments. They mainly focused on the management of the disease rather than curing it. The integration of artificial intelligence in the simulation and therapeutics of neurodegenerative …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 19–29 Read article
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Demonstration of Percentage Reduction of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Remediation in Soil using Ponderosa Lemon Leaf as Bio-stimulant
Abstract: The study of the performance of bio-remediant was demonstrated in terms of percentage reduction of petroleum hydrocarbon remediation in soil using ponderosa lemon leaf as bio-stimulant. The bio-stimulant was introduced into two environmental conditions of room-dried and sun-dried sample and the impact of the environmental factor was considered in the contributing agent on the variation in the rate of the total hydrocarbon degradation as well as the variation in the …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 8–15 Read article
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Biodegradable and Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Antimicrobial Coatings in Biomedical Applications
Abstract: Since they make medical equipment more biocompatible and practical, biomedical polymers are quite crucial for the advancement of medical technologies. One of the most exciting applications for biomedical polymers is their possible use as protective drug coatings for devices. These coatings aim to limit bacterial binding and biofilm growth, two key causes of illnesses acquired after implantation. Scientists are searching for fresh approaches to combat microorganisms as the issue of …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 392–405 Read article
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Synthesis, Identification and Bio Evaluation of New Thiophene Derivatives
Abstract: Thiophene is considered one of the most effective cyclic sulfur compounds in organic and pharmaceutical chemistry due to its high stability in various chemical reactions. It plays a key role as an antifungal agent in treating skin allergies, as well as in the preparation of polymers, rubber, and other materials. Recent research has focused on incorporating sulfur compounds into the synthesis of organic compounds because of their high stability in …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 32–44 Read article
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Ethnopharmacological Insights: Uncovering Plant-Based Neuroprotective Treatments for Neurodegenerative Disorders
Abstract: The development of plant-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases holds significant promise due to the therapeutic potential of natural compounds, such as Laurus nobilis, Aronia melanocarpa, and celastrol. This review identifies critical literature gaps in the current research, including inconsistent extraction methods, lack of clinical trials, insufficient documentation of long-term effects, limited mechanistic insights, and poor bioavailability. Addressing these gaps through standardization, rigorous clinical trials, advanced delivery systems, and comprehensive ethnopharmacological …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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Silver Nanoparticles Incorporated Soy Protein and Chitosan based Biomaterials
Abstract: Chitosan and soy protein are abundantly available renewable biopolymers. The combination of the nano-sized powders and the biopolymer matrix will result in the formation of bio-nanocomposites. Due to bactericidal properties, silver nanoparticles are widely used in the medical applications. Chitosan and soy protein based bio-nanocomposites can be fabricated by incorporating silver nanoparticles in the biopolymer matrix. The bio-nanocomposites fabricated can be used as antimicrobial packaging which can be considered as …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2014 Read article
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Artificial Intelligence in Microbiological Research: Methods, Applications and Implications
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionising microbiological research by enabling the rapid analysis of complex biological data and improving the accuracy, efficiency, and reliability of scientific investigations. Recent advances in machine learning, deep learning, and bioinformatics have transformed AI into a powerful tool for studying microorganisms, their genetic composition, evolutionary patterns, and interactions with hosts and the environment. AI-driven computational models can process large and complex datasets far more efficiently than …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 22–36 Read article
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Anthrax Toxin Time-Resolved Absorption and Resonance FT-IR and Raman Biospectroscopy and Density Functional Theory (DFT) Investigation of Vibronic-Mode Coupling Structure in Vibrational Spectra Analysis
Abstract: Anthrax toxin is a three-protein exotoxin that is secreted by the bacterium's virulent strains, the anthrax causative agent Bacillus anthracis. Harry Smith first found the toxin in 1954. Anthrax toxin consists of a protein called a protective antigen (PA) binding cell protein and two enzyme parts called an edema factor (EF) and a deadly factor (LF). These three protein components act together to impart their physiological effects. Assembled complexes containing …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Computational Biology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 23–51 Read article
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Need of Biocomposite Polymers In 3D Printing: Addressing Environmental and Public Health
Abstract: Concerns over the effects of conventional polymer materials on the environment and human health have been highlighted by the growing use of additive manufacturing or 3D printing. Traditional synthetic composites are usually made of petroleum-based plastics that include a range of chemical agents, such as additives and plasticizers. The increasing use of 3D printing has sparked concerns about the environmental and health risks linked to traditional polymer materials. With an …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 135–142 Read article