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521 articles for “In channel”
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CFD Analysis of Six-Flow Microchannel Heat Sink Using the Different Nanofluid
Abstract: In this study, we compare the heat-conveying capabilities of ordinary water with those of cooling fluids such as Ag-Water, TiO2-water, and Al2O3-water nanofluid at a volume percentage of 0.50%, and we also examine the six flow micro-channels of the fin-equipped heat sink. Hardware like microprocessors and integrated circuits are not used in the comparison. To evaluate the effectiveness of different cooling fluids, a number of thermal metrics are used, such …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 11, Issue 11, 2023 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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CFD Analysis of Electric Vehicles Battery Pack: A Research Study
Abstract: The goal of the project is to keep the battery temperature within the specified range and to improve the battery pack's performance under different temperature settings. To achieve these goals, we employ software to analyze the data and provide the necessary output. With model-based design, you can understand the dynamic behavior. For this project, a CAD model was produced with Creo Parametric. We used the STAR CCM+ Software for analysis …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power and Machine Systems · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 28–32 Read article
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From Space to Sea: Leveraging Satellite Technology for Monitoring Marine Debris
Abstract: Marine trash endangers ecosystems, so efficient detection is critical. This article describes a novel strategy for improving detection accuracy by integrating YOLOv7 instance segmentation with attention processes. Three models are evaluated: lightweight coordinate attention, the convolutional block attention module (CBAM) for spatial-channel focus, and the bottle neck transformer, which relies on self-attention. On an annotated satellite image dataset, CBAM has the greatest F1 scores in box recognition (77%) and mask …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Joint Estimation of CSI and IQ Imbalance, and Compensation of IQ Imbalance in Spatialy Multiplexed MIMO-OFDM Receivers
Abstract: This study presents a novel method for estimating Channel State Information (CSI) and IQ imbalance and compensating IQ imbalance in a spatially multiplexed MIMO OFDM receiver. Our approach integrates estimation of IQ imbalance with CSI estimation using an OFDM training frame, thus eliminating the need for additional pilot symbols for IQ imbalance estimation. This technique streamlines the process and avoids extra overhead. We conducted simulations on a 2×2 spatially multiplexed …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 11–17 Read article
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Evaluation and Study of The chemical Pollution Ratio of Dams Water in Najaf Governorate and The surrounding Environments
Abstract: The importance of water and the urgent need for a clean environment free from pollutants has drawn our attention and focused in this study on estimating and evaluating ionic pollutants of elements (iron, chromium, lead, manganese) in the water of dams in Najaf Governorate and the surrounding areas. The study included four dams, namely ()Al-Mushkhab Dam, Al-Hindiya Dam, Shatt Al-Kufa, and Umm Abbasiyat Dam)( to determine the percentage of pollution …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 Read article
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Autonomous 6G Physical Layer Architectures for Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks
Abstract: The emergence of sixth generation (6G) wireless systems calls for a significant shift away from conventional deterministic communication models. As communication infrastructures evolve into Space- Air-Ground Integrated Networks (SAGIN), traditional physical layer (PHY) techniques struggle to operate effectively under the severe Doppler effects and long propagation delays associated with space environments. This paper examines the role of artificial intelligence embedded directly within the 6G transceiver architecture to enable ultra-reliable and …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 21–31 Read article
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Crystal Defects and Their Characterization in Modern Materials Science
Abstract: The physical and chemical properties of crystalline solids are fundamentally dictated by deviations from structural perfection, known as crystal defects. From the point-scale vacancies that drive diffusion to the planar boundaries that determine mechanical strength, defects serve as the primary "tuning knobs" in material design. This review provides a comprehensive examination of point, line, and planar defects, exploring their formation energetics and their role in plastic deformation via crystallographic slip. …
Published in International Journal of Crystalline Materials · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 15–19 Read article
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Analysis of Signal Processing Algorithms for Bio-Medical Applications
Abstract: Epilepsy is a burdensome brain disorder, in which heavy seizures will happen again and again. Sudden explosion of electrical activity during the seizures will create a blackout for patients and it will break the body equilibrium, so patients may fall down. Epilepsy affects a large population around the globe. It may begin at any age and last for generations. It can be controlled by the surgical removal of the brain …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 24–27 Read article
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Surface-Driven Capillary Flow of AqueousIsopropyl Alcohol in the Sudden Expansion PMMA Microchannels
Abstract: Author has fabricated the PMMA sudden expansion microchannels by the maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography, drilling, direct bonding and chip separation technique. The effect of channel aspect ratio on the surface-driven capillary flow is studied in the sudden expansion microchannels fabricated by PMMA as a polymeric material. Also, the effect of surface wettability on the surface-driven capillary flow is studied in the sudden expansion microchannels fabricated by PMMA. This study …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Scanner and Display Installation on Petrol Engine Test Rig: Review
Abstract: In this project, we are going to develop a temperature scanner with display. It is a device that measures more than one temperature points or multi-channel. It is actually a multi-channel indicator that measures and displays signals of each channel one-by-one up to last channel and then returns to first channel and continues the process cyclically. This continuous cyclic process of measurement is called scanning. By using a temperature scanner, …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 28–33 Read article
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Image De-Hazing Using DCP
Abstract: Dim and Fog climate weakens the scene brilliance and causes trouble in distinctive the variety and surface of the scene. A significant stage in de-hazing is the recuperation of the worldwide air-light vector. Customary techniques for the most part decipher the RGB worth of the most splendid district in cloudiness pictures as the air-light. The earlier uses the measurable perception that far off view objects become the most cloudiness, misty …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 34–40 Read article
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BER Performance Analysis of MIMO With and Without Beamforming and Relaying Techniques
Abstract: The exponential surge in data traffic within contemporary communication systems has given rise to a challenge: a shortage in system information rates. To address these pressing issues, large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques have emerged as a promising solution. These advanced techniques not only enhance energy efficiency but also optimize spectrum performance, positioning themselves as a pivotal cornerstone for the forthcoming evolution of wireless communication systems. In wireless communication systems, fading …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Experimental Studies on the Passive Capillary Flow of Non-aqueous Working Liquids in PMMA Microfluidic Devices of Rectangular Cross-Sections
Abstract: The polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microfluidic devices are fabricated by the maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography and direct bonding technique. The effects of liquid viscosity, surface wettability and channel aspect ratio on the surface-driven capillary flow of non-aqueous working liquids are studied in the fabricated PMMA microfluidic devices. The working liquids are ethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and ethanol. These experimental studies will be useful to manipulate different non-aqueous working liquids inside …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 29–33 Read article
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Microstructure and Mechanical Characterization of AA390 and Si3N4 Metal Matrix Composite Using Severe Plastic Deformation
Abstract: Metal matrix composites (MMCs) have significant attention in recent years due to their potential for improved mechanical properties compared to conventional monolithic materials. This study focuses on the microstructure and mechanical characterization of a MMC comprising AA390 aluminum alloy reinforced with Si3N4 particles. The severe plastic deformation (SPD) process, Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP), was employed to fabricate the composite with enhanced mechanical properties. The ECAP method was chosen as …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 17–30 Read article
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Product Replacement Strategies for Perishable Inventory Systems using Queuing Theory
Abstract: Inventory management plays a crucial role in managing production processes as well as the supply chains. The study of inventory systems with perishable products has a special significance as it influences the cost and revenue of a firm. Product replacement strategies act like safeguards to the retailers (firms) dealing with the business of perishable products. An inventory system with perishable products and product replacement is studied. A finite capacity multi-channel …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 2, Issue 1-2-3, 2012 · pp. 18–25 Read article
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Review Paper: Low Power SRAM Cell using FinFET Technology
Abstract: To make portable battery operated devices more efficient with low leakage current has become a major challenge with the technology scaling. As the technology is scaling, the bulk MOSFET faces various challenges which lead to increased leakage current. FinFET is the most encouraging substitute to bulk CMOS, because of the reduced short channel effect. The FinFET device based circuits portrays advantages with its better control over the device channel and …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 43–47 Read article
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Analysis of M-ary Signaling for Weak Turbulence Regime in FSO Communication System
Abstract: Abstract: The need for high data rate LOS communication is accomplished using the Free Space Optical communication. Being a very cost-effective approach, it contributes to the easy set-up and deployment of point to point terrestrial link. It transmits the light signal in free space channel (air, vacuum etc.) using LASERs or LEDs and received via photodetector. In this paper, the channel is modelled using Lognormal turbulence model. This channel model …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 24–31 Read article
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BER Analysis for Wireless Cooperation Network based OFDM Systems
Abstract: The cooperative wireless network uses the broadcast nature of the wirelessThe cooperative wireless network uses the broadcast nature of the wireless propagation channel where the involved nodes share resources in a network. It has emerged as a promising approach to increase spectral and power efficiency and network coverage and to reduce outage probability. In this paper the estimation of error rate performance for wireless transmission is made by analyzing the …
Published in Recent Trends in Electronics Communication Systems · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 26–30 Read article
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A GLRD based Receiver design using OBEB algorithm for MIMO system
Abstract: This paper gives the performance comparison of a MIMO system applying a modified branch-estimate-bound (MBEB) and ordered branch-estimate-bound (OBEB) algorithms of generalized likelihood ratio detector (GLRD) in the presence of channel estimation error. Here, two sources of errors like, errors due to noise and errors due to time variations induced by Doppler effects are considered. The GLRD solves the transmitted symbols using joint channel symbol estimation by combining the channel …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 11–15 Read article
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Introduction of New Flow Resistance Parameter for the Study Coefficients of Vertical Velocity Distribution
Abstract: Validity of log-law distribution of velocity in vertical section for alluvial channel under different localized bed and flow conditions is studied in this paper. In this study a new dimensionless parameter, Hari’s Number (Ph), whose value is to be taken as Q/νh, is proposed to relate the same with numerical coefficients of log-law distribution. It was found that the values of numerical coefficients could satisfactorily be correlated to the proposed …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2013 · pp. 9–14 Read article