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174 articles for “integrated circuit”
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DNA Hybridization Biosensor using Silicon Nanowire PIC Waveguide
Abstract: Abstract: In this paper, silicon nanowire based optical waveguide is investigated to discover its application as a bio-detecting reason. In silicon nanowire based optical waveguide, silicon bars are vertically adjusted in 2-dimensional exhibit design over SiO2 substrate. These silicon bars are of couple of nanometer sizes and called as nanowire. Low Refractive Index (RI) gapping in these silicon wires holds the optical power. Quasi-TE mode is supported by these vertical …
Published in Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 7–12 Read article
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Analysis and Comparison of Space Vector and Sinusoidal PWM Controlled Two Level Inverter Fed 3- Induction Motor
Abstract: The current generation of variable speed drives is typically based around the real-time digital generation of Pulse-Width Modulated (PWM) waveforms using either microprocessors or application-specific integrated circuits in many ways. PWM generation techniques for getting the control of inverters have the major advantages that component drift and tolerance problems associated with earlier analog implementations. Of all the various PWM techniques Sinusoidal and Space vector PWM techniques are more prominent. The …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2013 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Light straightening, super-collimation, strong beaming, extraordinary refraction and splitting in Photonic Crystals
Abstract: This paper reviews light straightening, super-collimation, strong beaming, extraordinary refraction and splitting in photonic crystals and stratified structures. The light straightening finds potential applications in design of optical devices. The super collimation and strong beaming can be utilized in optical integrated circuits. The extra-ordinary refraction can be utilized in sub wavelength imaging and information propagation. The splitting can be used in optical instrumentation and optical tuning. All these phenomena are …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Design and Simulation of FIR Filter using VHDL
Abstract: Digital Signal Processing (DSP) has gained great popularity in the recent years. DSP is used in the field of communication, medicine and entertainment. Earlier the digital signals use is expensive in the communication devices. DSP makes use of the digital filters in the communication equipment. The basic building block of the digital filter-adder, coefficient multipliers and delays. Digital filter can be implemented efficiently by selecting an efficient representation for filter …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 19–28 Read article
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Hardware and Power Efficient Single Bit Full Adder Using GDI and PTL Technique
Abstract: Abstract: This study presents hardware and power efficient single bit full adder which consists of two techniques, Pass Transistor Logic (PTL) and Gate Diffusion Technique (GDI). Several logic families are described by PTL which is utilized in the architecture of integrated circuits. PTL technique is used to decrease the number of transistors in the circuits to make different logic gates. GDI technique is utilized for the low power consumption. CADENCE …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 9–17 Read article
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DC Motor Controller by PWM Technique
Abstract: Abstract: This project is expected to control the speed of a DC (Direct Current) engine using PWM (pulse-width-modulation) control with the 8051 plan microcontroller. The speed of the DC engine is explicitly relating to the voltage associated over its way, in case the voltage over the engine terminal is moved, at that point the speed can be changed. This venture uses the above rule to control the speed of the …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Security Improvisation Technique for Internet of Things (IoT) Devices by Using Group Secure Key Generation Based on IIC Metrics
Abstract: Across various fields of use, the Internet of Things (IoT), that supports farmers across agriculture, smart home and healthcare, has become important. When it comes to processing large volumes of data, it is challenging to design an effective framework with a range of systems and to enforce satisfactory protocols with privacy and protection. Due to the huge amount of information to be produced and managed, along with resources of standard …
Published in Journal Of Network security · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 24–29 Read article
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Implementation of a 4-Bit Synchronous Counter in SkyWater 130 nm CMOS Technology Using Open-Source EDA Tools
Abstract: As semiconductor technology continues to scale down, the physical layout of integrated circuits has become increasingly critical in determining performance, power consumption, and area efficiency. This paper presents the complete physical design implementation of a 4-bit counter, from Register Transfer Level (RTL) to GDSII, using the SkyWater 130 nm open-source Process Design Kit (PDK) and the OpenLane automated physical design flow. Functional verification of the RTL design was initially performed …
Published in International Journal of VLSI Circuit Design & Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Spice Circuits for Optic Cellular Receiver Simulations
Abstract: A circuit-theoretic approach to the generation of equivalent circuit models of optoelectronic and integrated photonic receiver applications is presented, especially optical cellular receiver systems. In a conventional circuit, the parameters of nano-inductance, nano-capacitance, impedance and scattering (S) parameters can be effectively applied to the analog equivalent representation of a conventional circuit. In a fiber-optic system, those parameters can be used in an integrated photonics and optoelectronic and nanoelectronic circuit as …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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The Role of AI in Modern Circuit Design and Simulation
Abstract: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in circuit design and simulation is revolutionizing the electronics industry by enabling faster, more efficient, and innovative design processes. This article explores the transformative role of AI in automating tasks traditionally reliant on manual expertise, such as schematic generation, component optimization, and fault detection. It highlights how machine learning algorithms and generative AI tools are improving design accuracy, reducing time-to-market, and enabling cost-effective prototyping. …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 9–14 Read article
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Analysis and Characterization of Circuits for Leakage Power Reduction at Sub-50 nm in CMOS Circuits
Abstract: This paper analyzes various techniques to decrease leakage power in complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) very large scale integration (VLSI) circuits, because due to continuous scaling of CMOS technology there is improvement in speed of semiconductor devices and the side effect of this scaling is leakage power. With the development of technology in CMOS VLSI Circuit, length of transistors has been reduced and speed of operation is increasing simultaneously. As …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 11–22 Read article
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How small circuits power big technology in the world of VSIL
Abstract: Very Small Integration Level (VSIL) circuit technology represents an emerging class of ultra- compact, low-power electronic design methodologies that enable the creation of highly efficient and scalable systems. This article explores the fundamental principles behind VSIL circuits, including device miniaturization, optimized layout strategies, adaptive power management, and noise-resilient architectures. We also look into the methodical engineering of VSIL circuits to satisfy the ever-tougher performance, robustness, and long- term energy-efficiency demands …
Published in International Journal of VLSI Circuit Design & Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 44–53 Read article
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Advancements in Heat Exchanger Design for Improved HVAC System Efficiency
Abstract: Due to their direct impact on usage of energy, operational effectiveness, and environmental sustainability, heat exchangers have become vital components of the air conditioning, ventilation, and heating (HVAC) systems. The growing demand for energy-efficient HVAC solutions has driven extensive research and development efforts aimed at improving heat exchanger performance. Traditional designs, such as shell-and-tube and fin-and-tube heat exchangers, have long been utilized in HVAC applications. Nevertheless, these traditional types frequently …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 44–52 Read article
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Implementation of FIR Filter with Reverse Converter based RNS Kogge–Stone Adder
Abstract: AbstractLow power very large scale integration (VLSI) circuits are pertinent for designing of steep overall performance and adjustable devices. In current technology VLSI plays a vital role to reduce power consumption and delay. In analog to digital converter process, adder plays a crucial role. The authority of nonviolent issue is increasing regularly because of changing that a way, packaging and cooling cost, transportable route of motion and reliability. This freebie …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 34–43 Read article
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An Efficient RNS Based Sparse Kogge Stone Parallel Pre-fix Adder with Filter
Abstract: AbstractLow power very large-scale integration (VLSI) circuits are important for designing of high performance and portable devices. Along with that the high speed, small area and low cost are also the main considerations of VLSI circuits. The importance of low power is increasing day by day because of changing trend, packaging and cooling cost, portable system and reliability. This paper presents the design of Digital FIR filter using reverse converter …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 43–51 Read article
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A study on CMOS Operational Amplifier in Sensor Development
Abstract: CMOS operational amplifiers (op-amps) have emerged as pivotal components in modern sensor development, enabling the amplification and conditioning of weak signals with high precision and efficiency. Their inherent advantages low power consumption, compact size, and seamless integration with digital circuits make them ideal for advancing miniaturized, battery-powered sensor systems in fields ranging from biomedical devices to IoT networks. By delivering precision, power efficiency, and integration, CMOS op-amps are not just …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 01–07 Read article
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Comparative Analysis of CMOS CNFET and Memristor Based Full Adder Circuits and CMOS Memristor Based Multiplexer Circuits
Abstract: Continued developments in microelectronics technology have led to a myriad of new compute- intensive applications at the micro-edge, such as artificial intelligence and signal and image processing. Multiplication is a crucial arithmetic process in such applications. However, large logic complexities typically seen in traditional multipliers generate combinatorial blocks with long chains of cascaded carry addition. As such, energy efficiency has remained a primary design challenge for these applications, when powered …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology Read article
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Comparative Analysis of CMOS CNFET and Memristor Based Full Adder Circuits and CMOS Memristor Based Multiplexer Circuits
Abstract: Continued developments in microelectronics technology have led to a myriad of new compute-intensive applications at the micro-edge, such as artificial intelligence and signal and image processing. Multiplication is a crucial arithmetic process in such applications. However, large logic complexities typically seen in traditional multipliers generate combinatorial blocks with long chains of cascaded carry addition. As such, energy efficiency has remained a primary design challenge for these applications, when powered by …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 22–33 Read article
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Modelling of Skin Effect in On-Chip VLSI RLC Global Interconnect
Abstract: This paper addresses one of the aspects of the high frequency effects, namely the skin effect. The basicproblem with skin effect is that it attenuates the high frequency components of a signal more than that ofthe low frequency components. Due to the increase in operating frequency and die sizes, RC models arebecoming insufficient for analysis of global VLSI interconnects. Accurate noise modelling for RLC lines isthus critical for timing and …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 1, Issue 1-2-3, 2011 · pp. 31–44 Read article
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Innovative Approaches to Luminescence: Exciton-Polariton Lasers and Quantum Confinement in 2D Materials
Abstract: The phenomenon known as luminescence occurs when an external energy of any kind excites a substance's electronic state, and the excited energy is released as light. Luminescence is the absence of heat produced by light emission. Luminescence comes in a variety of forms, including thermoluminescence, bioluminescence, and chemiluminescence. Examples of luminescence include flat-screen TVs, LED lights, and bioluminescent phytoplankton. The measurement of the emission spectrum produced when previously excited atoms …
Published in International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 26–33 Read article