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86 articles for “Quantum physics”
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Luminescent Phenomena and Materials: Fundamentals, Developments, and Multidisciplinary Applications
Abstract: Luminescence, defined as the emission of light without significant heat generation, represents a fundamental phenomenon bridging physics, chemistry, materials science, and biotechnology. Over the centuries, the understanding of luminescence has evolved from simple observational curiosity to a sophisticated quantum-mechanical framework describing electronic transitions in atoms, molecules, and solids. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the historical development, fundamental mechanisms, classifications, and material systems associated with luminescence. It places particular …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Synthesis and Characterization of Size Tuned CdS Quantum Dots
Abstract: CdS nanoparticles are synthesized using chemical precipitation at room temperature. Cadmium sulfide is one of the most promising materials for solar cells and of great interest for their practical applications in up to electronics and photonics. The optical properties get modified due to the confinement of charge carrier within the nanoparticles. The physical and chemical properties of these nanoparticles are found to be size dependent. The crystallite sizes of cadmium …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 28–39 Read article
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Hybrid Quark Model and Six-Quark Probability
Abstract: In the hybrid quark model (HQM), when the distance between the two nucleons is greater than a certain cut off radius, they maintain their identity as nucleons but when the distances between the two baryons is smaller than a certain cut off radius, then the baryons overlap to form a six-quark bag. The fact that the probability to find six-quark for does not have to be the same as that …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 80–83 Read article
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The Next Era of Solid-State Innovation: Beyond Silicon
Abstract: The semiconductor industry is getting close to the physical and economic boundaries of silicon-based technology. A new era of solid-state innovation is beginning. Beyond Silicon: The Next Era of Solid-State Innovation looks at the materials, device layouts, and manufacturing methods that are about to change the way electronics and energy work. The article talks about improvements in wide- and ultra-wide-bandgap semiconductors, two- dimensional materials, and quantum and neuromorphic systems that …
Published in International Journal of Solid State Innovations & Research · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 19–23 Read article
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Machine Learning Assisted Optimization of Nanoscale MOSFET Parameters Using TCAD Simulation
Abstract: This paper presents a machine learning (ML) assisted framework for the multi-objective optimization of nanoscale bulk n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (nMOSFETs) with a 10 nm physical gate length, high-k HfO₂ gate dielectric, and TiN metal gate. Technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulations employing drift-diffusion transport, Shockley-Read-Hall recombination, Lombardi mobility degradation, and density- gradient quantum correction models are used to generate a parametric dataset of 2,400 device configurations spanning gate length (L), …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 10–19 Read article
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Modelling and Electrical Characterization of Single Electron Transistor
Abstract: A nano-electronic device with low power consumption, high performance, and quantum effects is the single electron transistor (SET). It's used in charge sensor applications, infrared radiation detectors, and spectroscopy. However, it faces limitations in lithography, co-tunneling effect, low gain, high output impedance, and background charges. Therefore, prior simulation is needed to optimize SET's work function and understanding physics concepts. A master equation approach is used to propose a new model …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 19–25 Read article
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Approach to Examine the Effect of Atomic Number on Single – Electron System of Group III Elements
Abstract: This study investigates the ionization energy, kinetic energy, and mass relationships among Group III elements (Boron, Aluminum, Gallium, Indium, and Thallium) to provide a comprehensive understanding of their atomic and physical properties. A detailed analysis of ionization energy trends reveals that Boron exhibits the highest ionization energy, while Thallium has the lowest, consistent with periodic trends influenced by increasing atomic radius and electron shielding. Gallium deviates slightly from this trend …
Published in International Journal of Crystalline Materials · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 01–09 Read article
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Brief Review on Synthesis of CdSe Nanomaterials
Abstract: Semiconductor nanomaterials which belong to II–VI groups of periodic tables are considered to be important class of materials for both fundamental research point of view as well as production of solid state devices. Among all II–VI groups of semiconductor nanomaterials, cadmium selenide is found to be one of the potential materials for the fabrication of optoelectronic devices and in biomedical applications because of its direct band gap nature and the …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 20–26 Read article
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Nanoparticle Chemistry: The Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Polymer and Macromolecule-Based Nanoparticles and Their Composites
Abstract: Nanoparticles have arisen as a transformative branch of materials in chemistry, owing to their unique physicochemical and biological properties that vary from their bulk materials. Various synthesis techniques, including physical (e.g., laser ablation), chemical (e.g., sol-gel, co-precipitation) and biological (e.g., microbial or plant-mediated) approaches, offer control over particle size, shape and surface characteristics. These methods influence the optical, electronic, catalytic and mechanical properties of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles can exhibit high surface …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1236–1247 Read article
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Exploring Antimalarial Activity of Chalcone Derivatives through QSAR
Abstract: Background: The core structure of chalcones contains a reactive α,β-unsaturated system within the aromatic rings, which plays a key role in mediating various biological effects. These effects include enzyme inhibition, anticancer activity, anti-inflammatory properties, as well as antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, and anti-filarial actions.Modifying the structure by introducing substituent groups to the aromatic ring can enhance potency, reduce toxicity, and expand their range of pharmacological actions.Methods: A total of twenty-seven …
Published in International Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Electrical Characteristics and Probable Applications of High Electron Mobility Transistors for Very Large Scale Integration Circuits in Microelectronics and Nanoelectronics Industry
Abstract: In our work, a maximum drain current of 556 mA is achieved by the simulated structures of double-heterojunction high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) using the SILVACO-ATLAS physical simulator. According to the results, drain current is higher at shorter gate length. Also, drain current is higher at larger aluminium mole fraction. Further, drain current is higher at larger thickness of AlGaN barrier layer. Again, drain current is found as higher at …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 22, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 8–14 Read article
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Review on Number Theory, Quantisation in Physics and Nanotechnology to Invent the Time-Machine in Rocket Engineering
Abstract: In this research-paper, the interdisciplinary-nature of science is demonstrated by highlighting the aspects of nanotechnology in other branches of science and engineering. The domain of semiconductor-nanostructures in nanotechnology including Ghatak-investigations is highlighted. The experimental demonstration of microfluidics in fluid mechanics is provided towards the probable establishment of nanofluidics in future. The theoretical demonstration on high electron mobility transistors is provided towards the experimental establishment of Nanoelectronics in future. Application of …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 20–34 Read article
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Employment of Solid-State Technology in Sensor Design: A Study
Abstract: The rapid evolution of sensor technologies has been driven by the demand for more precise, durable, and compact systems to meet the needs of modern industries, healthcare, and consumer electronics. Solid state technologies have emerged as a transformative force in sensor design, offering unprecedented performance, reliability, and integration potential. Unlike traditional sensors, which often rely on mechanical, electrochemical, or piezoelectric principles, solid state sensors leverage the intrinsic properties of materials …
Published in International Journal of Solid State Innovations & Research · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 31–41 Read article
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Nuclear Hulthén potentials for F and G partial waves
Abstract: In the past few decades, several investigation have been made and at the same time a number of theoretical models have also been projected for the nucleon-nucleon scattering in the low and intermediate energy range. These phenomenological models involve large number of free parameters to be fitted to reproduce the physical observables. In contrast to these potentials a two-term four parameter nuclear Hulthén type interaction is proposed to describe the …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 31–37 Read article
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Manavalakalai - A Scientific Approach
Abstract: Manavalakalai Yoga practice was formulated by Shri. Vethathiri Maharishi. In this yoga practice meditation and introspection play vital role to minimize mental frequency. The physical senses of the body are always affected by one’s mental activities. That is, the body is induced and activated to function on every level according to one’s thought. Every human being is a bio magnetic unit. Life means action, energy, or force. Body and Sprit …
Published in Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 64–67 Read article
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Microvita: A New Hybrid Particle Bridging the Fermionic and Bosonic Domains in Particle Physics
Abstract: In particle physics, the established classification of particles into fermions and bosons—obeying Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein statistics, respectively—has shaped theoretical and experimental frameworks for nearly a century. This study introduces 'Microvita', a novel theoretical particle that exhibits hybrid characteristics modulated by a continuous parameter α ∈ [0,1]. Through this parameter, Microvita interpolates between bosonic and fermionic behavior in terms of spin, statistical distributions, and operator algebra. We explore the foundational algebra …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 14–27 Read article
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The Evolution and Impact of Numbers: From Ancient Tallies to Quantum Computing: Review Article on Numbers
Abstract: Numbers are among the most fundamental constructs in human civilization, serving as the backbone of mathematics, science, technology, and virtually every aspect of daily life. They represent not only quantities and measures but also relationships, structures, and patterns that underpin the fabric of human understanding. From the earliest tallies etched on bones by prehistoric humans to the sophisticated numerical systems embedded in today’s artificial intelligence and quantum computing, the evolution …
Published in Research & Reviews: Discrete Mathematical Structures · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 15–19 Read article
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Sustainable Carbon Materials for Catalysis, Energy Conversion, and Environmental Remediation
Abstract: Among the most ancient and adaptable materials used by humans, carbon finds use in a wide range of industries, including electronics, energy production, medicine, water purification, air filtration, and catalysis. Among them, activated carbon's highly developed microporous structure, remarkably large specific surface area, and adjustable surface functions have drawn a great deal of attention from both science and industry. Activated carbon materials have been widely used as molecular sieves, adsorbents …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 47–52 Read article
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Shot Noise for 1550 nm Laser using Balanced Homodyne Detection
Abstract: AbstractSingle photon detectors are indispensable for secure communication in quantum cryptography. Shot noise, a fundamental limit to photodetection occurs due to discreteness of photons. Shot noise plays an important role in telecommunications and optical science because of its property of setting a practical limit to the signal-to-noise ratios. In order to implement BB84 protocol, there is a need to assess appropriate lower bound on experimental errors caused during secure key …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 47–50 Read article
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My Forays into Interdisciplinary Areas of Research
Abstract: This article discusses my journey in interdisciplinary areas of research in India as a pioneer. I was trained as a High Energy Nuclear Physicist at Marie Curie University, Paris, but on return to India, I had to train myself in many diverse fields due to lack of experimental facilities in my own field. My first foray was in Geochronology using fission track dating. Then, I got the opportunity to use …
Published in OmniScience: A Multi-disciplinary Journal · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 26–29 Read article