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106 articles for “microbial infection.”
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Detection of Hepatitis B Virus Coinfection among HIV Infected Patients in District Bharatpur, Rajasthan
Abstract: Aim: To screen for the coinfection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. Methods: Hundred consecutive HIV infected patients were screened for HBV (HBsAg) using commercially available ELISA kit. Results: HBV coinfection was detected in 5/100 (5%) HIV infected patients. Male gender predominance was observed (80%), (four males and one female) and the median age was 37 years (95%CI ± 3.6) (range 20–55 years). Coinfection …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 11–13 Read article
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Development and Applications of a Simple Chalcone- Based Low Molecular Weight Ligand for Treating Nosocomial Infections due to Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
Abstract: Abstract Inspired from the available biological data of several imperative therapeutic scaffolds in several medicinal chemistry databases, thiophene-containing chalcone compounds were identified and the molecule was designed for treating various nosocomial infections. In one of the recent rational exploration, (E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(thiophen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one was synthesized in a single-step reaction, characterized comprehensively by using a few sophisticated spectroscopic instruments such as FT-IR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and 1H-NMR spectroscopy, as well as CHN analyzer, and …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 14–18 Read article
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Anti-microbial Activity of Herbal Plant Extracts
Abstract: The Microbial resistance to major antibiotics due to overuse of them and problem observed rapidly during treatment of infectious diseases having a big challenge in health sector. Recently many researchers have been finding the solutions for come out these problems. There are many photochemical have been available, they have potential antimicrobial property against microbial species which occurs resistance against antibiotics. The present study is therefore an attempt for review on …
Published in International Journal of Tropical Medicines · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 40–52 Read article
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Cross Infection Control in Impression Making Procedures A Pilot Survey
Abstract: Dental care professionals are at high risk of cross-infection while treating patients. This occupational potential for disease transmission becomes evident when it is considered that most human microbial pathogens have been isolated from oral secretion. The present survey was conducted with the aim of investigating the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour of dental staff and students toward cross-infection control during the procedure of impression making. A questionnaire consisting of 16 questions …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 2, Issue 1-3, 2011 · pp. 14–21 Read article
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Ventilator Associated Pneumonia: Prevalence of Bacteria and their Antibiogram in Tertiary Care Centre, Kota, Rajasthan, India
Abstract: Background: Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving procedure, but it is associated with a high risk of acquiring respiratory infections. Hence to prevent it and initiate empirical antimicrobial therapy, knowledge of microbial profile and their local antimicrobial sensitivity pattern are essential. The study aimed to investigate the role of endotracheal aspirate (ETA) surveillance cultures in identifying the aetiology of VAP earlier. Methods: A prospective study was carried out over a period …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 30–34 Read article
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Antimicrobial Resistance and AI-Based Strategies for Rapid Pathogen Detection
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a major global health threat, significantly reducing the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapies and increasing the burden of infectious diseases worldwide. The rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens has created an urgent need for faster, more accurate, and scalable diagnostic approaches to support timely treatment and effective infection control. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising technology capable of transforming pathogen detection and AMR surveillance through …
Published in Recent Trends in Infectious Diseases · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 26–36 Read article
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Bone in Periodontal Health and Diseases: A Scoping Review
Abstract: Bone resorption is a basic physiologic process and central to the understanding of many key pathologies. Alveolar bone destruction is a hallmark of periodontal disease progression and its prevention is a key clinical challenge in treatment of periodontal disease. Bone loss is mediated by the host immune and inflammatory response to the microbial challenge. As individuals are not equally susceptible to the destructive effects of periodontal infections therefore, it is …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Contamination of Salad Vegetables by Enteropathogens
Abstract: Salad vegetables provide nutrients, minerals, vitamins, antioxidants and are often consumed without cooking. The consumption of salad vegetables is a risk factor for infection by enteric bacterial, viral and parasitic pathogens. Vegetables that are consumed raw, are recognized as an important channel for the transmission of enteropathogens and considered as a high risk of microbiological contamination product. This mini review is based on the selected articles searched in research databases. …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 18–21 Read article
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Mucosal Vaccines in Fish: Novel Advances in Technology and Delivery: A Review
Abstract: Vaccines rely on the acquired immune system and prime an animal to a particular antigen so that on subsequent encounter; it is recognized and quickly destroyed. The vast majority of pathogens enter the body via the mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urogenital tracts, where they initiate mucosal infections that lead to systemic infections. There is strong evidence that an optimum mucosal immune response can prevent systemic infection and …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 14–26 Read article
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Bacteriophage Therapy in Dairy Farming: A Potential Alternative to Antibiotics
Abstract: The widespread use of antibiotics in dairy farming to control bacterial infections has led to significant challenges, including the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and concerns over antibiotic residues in milk. Consequently, there is an increasing demand for alternative approaches to control bacterial infections in dairy cattle. One promising solution is bacteriophage therapy, which uses viruses that selectively infect and destroy bacteria. As a result, the need for new strategies to …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Biomedical Waste Management in Laboratory
Abstract: Laboratories like diagnostic, pathology, biochemistry, microbiology and blood bank use to generate large amount of biomedical waste (BMW). Study should be done on this waste and it was found that anatomical, microbiological, waste from sharps, soiled and chemical waste is generated from labware washing and laboratory cleaning. Puncture proof containers are used for collecting needle sharps which are further autoclaved and then send to needle pit for disposal. In sharp …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Concern for Public Health: Periodontitis
Abstract: Periodontitis, a severe form of gum disease, erodes the bone that supports teeth and results in tooth loss. It is caused by bacterial infection and inflammation of the soft tissues around the teeth. About 70% of people 65 years of age and older are affected, on average. Red, bleeding, sensitive gums, foul breath, and receding gums are hallmark indications. Depending on the severity, a full dental examination, the insertion of …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 22–26 Read article
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Quorum Sensing and Biofilm Dynamics in Pathogens: An Evolving Frontier in Infectious Disease
Abstract: Bacterial and fungal pathogens rarely act as solitary invaders. Instead, they engage in sophisticated chemical communication known as quorum sensing (QS) to coordinate population-wide behaviours and construct structured, multicellular biofilm communities. These biofilms, composed of extracellular polymeric substances, not only facilitate microbial persistence on biotic and abiotic surfaces but also confer remarkable protection against host immune defenses and antimicrobial therapies. QS systems act as central regulators of biofilm dynamics, orchestrating …
Published in International Journal of Pathogens · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 18–23 Read article
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Seroprevalence of Dengue Viral Infection in Patients Attending To a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kota, South–East Rajasthan, India
Abstract: Background: Dengue virus (DENV) is the most important cause of mosquito-borne viral disease in humans world-wide. Dengue fever is caused by four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV)-DENV1, DENV2, DENV3 and DENV4 .Infections is transmitted mainly by Aedes aegypti. In India, a dengue virus infection has been frequently encountered in epidemic proportions in several states. Objectives: This study was conducted to report the seroprevalence of Dengue virus infection in South-East Rajasthan. …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 Read article
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Antimicrobial Peptides and Bacteriophages as Next-Generation Alternatives to Conventional Antibiotics
Abstract: The growing threat of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has underscored the urgent need for innovative alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and bacteriophages are gaining recognition as next-generation therapeutics due to their distinct mechanisms of action and ability to target resistant pathogens effectively. AMPs, which can be natural or synthetic, disrupt microbial membranes and offer broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with a reduced likelihood of resistance development. Bacteriophages, as bacteria-specific viruses, provide precise …
Published in International Journal of Antibiotics · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 9–27 Read article
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Seroprevalence with Clinical Manifestations and Laboratory Profiles of Scrub Typhus Infection in Patients Attending to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kota, South-East Rajasthan, India
Abstract: Background: Scrub typhus, a zoonotic rickettsial illness, is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium. It is transmitted by the bite of larval (chiggers) trombiculid mites.Owing to frequent outbreaks witnessed in different parts of the country in the recent past, scrub typhus is being described as a re-emerging infectious disease in India. Overall mortality varies from 7 to 30%. Objectives: The objective of the present study was to …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 Read article
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Metal Complexes of Cephalexin and Their Biological Activities: A Review
Abstract: Cephalexin and its derivatives are commonly utilized in the pharmaceutical and medicinal industry due to their biological and pharmaceutical activities, including anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and herbicidal activities as well as possessing high palatability and being useful for skin and joint infections. Interestingly, some organic drugs, including cephalexin, which exhibit toxicological and pharmacological properties, can be administered in forms of metal complexes. Many researchers have synthesized organic ligands derived from cephalexin …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 52–61 Read article
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A Review of Biofilm: Mechanism of Dispersal and Eradication Strategies for Medical Devices
Abstract: Biofilm is formed by the adhesion of different microorganisms with each other and to the surface forming a matrix-like structure. Biofilm on medical devices forms over a period which causes severe infections and is harmful to immune-suppressed patients. Therefore, removal from the medical devices is required to get rid of it. These biofilms can be removed by various methods such as scrubbing or high-pressure spraying, steam removal, and usage of …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 51–56 Read article
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Exploring the properties and extraction of neem leaves
Abstract: Neem (Azadirachta indica) is a versatile medicinal plant, for its diverse therapeutic properties. This abstract provides a comprehensive overview of recent research focusing on phytochemical analysis, biochemical characterization, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Neem extracts. Utilizing the different from of chemical used in it, phytochemical analysis identified a plethora of secondary metabolites within Neem, including alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, saponin, tannins, quinone, and phenolic compounds, indicative of its complex chemical …
Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 32–39 Read article
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Review on Effect of the Chemical Composition of some Pharmaceutical Vaccines and their Biochemical Efficacy with Chemical Techniques
Abstract: Chemical compounds are fundamental components in the formulation of medicines and vaccines, playing a critical role in ensuring their safety, stability, and effectiveness. Vaccines contain a combination of active and inactive ingredients, including weakened or inactivated viruses or bacteria, toxins, preservatives, stabilizers, adjuvants, antibiotics, and minerals. The active ingredient is an antigen, which stimulates the body's immune system to recognize and defend against specific infectious diseases. Adjuvants, such as aluminum …
Published in International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 01–09 Read article