Ventilator Associated Pneumonia: Prevalence of Bacteria and their Antibiogram in Tertiary Care Centre, Kota, Rajasthan, India

Nikhil Mathur; Deepmala Nahar; Ghanshyam Soni; Charu Sharma; Gopal Lal Meena

Abstract

Background: Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving procedure, but it is associated with a high risk of acquiring respiratory infections. Hence to prevent it and initiate empirical antimicrobial therapy, knowledge of microbial profile and their local antimicrobial sensitivity pattern are essential. The study aimed to investigate the role of endotracheal aspirate (ETA) surveillance cultures in identifying the aetiology of VAP earlier. Methods: A prospective study was carried out over a period of 1 year in the ICU of a tertiary care hospital. All patients on mechanical ventilation for more than 48 h were included in the study. Results: Endo-tracheal aspirates were taken from 100 patients who were mechanically ventilated for more than 48 h and were subjected to culture and antibiotic susceptibility. 27 patients were culture positive (30 isolates) and diagnosed as VAP. Gram negative bacteria were isolated from most of the patients, most common being Klebsiella species, followed by Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter. Among gram positive Staphylococcus aureus was isolated. Conclusion: Gram negative bacteria were the major pathogenic organisms of VAP in our ICU. Culture of endotracheal aspirates for early diagnosis and its antibiogram will guide for an approach to targeted treatment.

Abstract

Keywords