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64 articles for “clay”
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Comparison of Index and Engineering properties of weak soils stabilized by Rubber Tyre Chips and Powder
Abstract: Engineered constructions on weak or soft ground soil carry inherent risks due to the instability of the foundation. Soft ground lacks the necessary strength to support structures adequately, making it prone to settlement, subsidence, or even collapse under the weight of buildings or infrastructure. Various methods of improvements are used to improve the soil's stability to support various loads.one of the solution is can use the waste products incorporated into …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 24–33 Read article
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Foundation in Weak Soil
Abstract: In geotechnical engineering, it is crucial to evaluate the interaction between structural loads and soil properties to ensure the stability and safety of foundations. In this scenario, the column is subjected to a load of 120 tons, with an additional 10% safety factor added, resulting in a total load of 132 tons at the foundation base. The foundation base is designed with dimensions of 2.5 meters by 2.5 meters, and …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 47–52 Read article
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Geotechnical Influence Factors in Empirical Design of Highway Pavement: The A123 Ilorin – Lokoja Highway, Nigeria Case Studies
Abstract: Site investigation and application of geological and geotechnical influence factors on the highway were investigated. Method involved field sampling, geotechnical laboratory and x-ray diffraction analysis and use of SRTM extracted slope and drainage parameters; and their integration in a GIS based multi-criteria decision analysis to derive a subgrade suitability map as a design tool. The suitability criteria classified the highway into four (4) design sections. Section one for very low …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 53–70 Read article
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The Silent Mineral: Structural Complexity and Industrial Utility of Natural Kaolin
Abstract: Kaolin, a naturally occurring aluminosilicate clay predominantly comprising the mineral kaolinite (Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄), exhibits a 1:1 layered silicate structure that imparts distinctive physicochemical properties suitable for extensive industrial utilization. Deposits of kaolin are broadly classified into primary (residual) and secondary (sedimentary) categories, each defined by their geological origin and mineralogical features. The industrial processing of kaolin encompasses stages such as raw material extraction, beneficiation, and purification, aiming to optimize parameters including …
Published in International Journal of Crystalline Materials · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 52–61 Read article
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Effect of Calcination Condition and Cooling Method on Reactivity of Lime Sludge
Abstract: In this Experimental Study, Raw Lime sludge from the Paper industry was characterized by XRD and TGA techniques. Lime Sludge was calcined for a temperature range of 550–7500C for 2 h and cooled by air cooling. The effect of calcination temperature on the reactivity of resultant Sludge was investigated by various indirect and direct methods of pozzolanic activity assessment such as the Strength Activity Test(SAI), Lime reactivity test, XRD, TGA, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 11, Issue 10, 2023 · pp. 36–48 Read article
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Determining Fertility Status of soil at Different land uses at Koka Watershed Tembaro Woreda, Central Ethiopian
Abstract: The study was conducted in Central Ethiopia, Tembaro Woreda, for two consecutive years, 2023 and 2024, at Bohe and Bachira Kebeles within the Omo River Basin in the Koka watershed. The objectives of this study were to determine the fertility status of different land uses at the study sites. The study results indicate that soil at the study site ranges from moderately acidic to slightly acidic, with low to moderate …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 10–17 Read article
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Nano-Adsorbents for Water Purification: A Focus on Nanoclays
Abstract: Nanotechnology has emerged as a pivotal tool in addressing contemporary environmental challenges, particularly in water purification. This paper explores the use of nano-adsorbents, focusing on nano-clay materials, as effective solutions for the adsorption and removal of harmful pollutants from water. Nano-clays, owing to their large surface area and unique physicochemical properties, exhibit exceptional adsorption capacity for contaminants such as heavy metals, dyes, antibiotics, and various organic compounds. This review consolidates …
Published in Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 38–44 Read article
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A Study on Improving CBR Value by using EPE foam in Addition to GGBS Slag for Subgrade Soil
Abstract: This paper identifies the use of industrial by-product Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) as a stabilizing agent in expansive soil with high swelling property causing severe damage to buildings built on it, and this study identifies the optimal percentage of GGBS for increasing the strength of clayey soil. Using GGBS slag to improve the CBR value of subgrade soil can have potential benefits. Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 1–23 Read article
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Evaluation on Bioremediation Kinetics of Petroleum- Contaminated Soils Using Plant-Based Amendments
Abstract: The effectiveness of bioremediation processes is strongly influenced by environmental conditions, reactor design parameters, microbial characteristics, and pollutant properties. This study investigates the combined effects of environmental-related factors, reactor design considerations, organism- related characteristics, and pollutant properties on the degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in swampy and clay soils amended. Laboratory-scale remediation experiments were conducted over an 84-day period using amendment dosages ranging from 20 to 100 g. The …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 24–30 Read article
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A Review of Modifications of Cement Slurry Formulations for Carbon Dioxide Storage
Abstract: Climate action, which includes activities aimed at mitigating climate change or reducing its adverse impacts, is the thirteenth goal of the 2030 SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals). Tthe successful commercial deployment of CCS technology would heavily rely on the integrity of the cement sheath used to complete the wellbores at the CO₂ storage sites. It has been established that the cement sheath made from conventional ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is not …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–21 Read article
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A systematic Review on Laterite based geopolymer
Abstract: Laterite based geopolymer has been widely studied as a sustainable alternative to Portland cement in construction industry. However, its thermal performance is still a challenge due to the low thermal conductivity and low temperature resistance. In this paper, recent studies on the improvement of thermal performance of laterite based geopolymer using additives are reviewed. The additives studied include organic materials, metal oxides and natural fillers. The effect of these additives …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 11, Issue 8, 2023 · pp. 172–183 Read article
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Sustainable Innovations in Home Decor: Exploring Eco-friendly Paint Materials and Recycled Interior Applications
Abstract: This paper delves into sustainable practices in home decorating, particularly focusing on eco-friendly paint products and innovative interior design solutions. It underscores the significance of zero-VOC and low-VOC coatings for indoor air quality and environmental safety, advocating for their use. Natural colors derived from plant extracts, clay, and minerals are highlighted for their biodegradability and availability in earthy tones, emphasizing their contribution to environmental sustainability. Milk-based paints are explored for …
Published in International Journal of Sustainability · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 10–20 Read article
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Innovative Porcelain Insulators: Prolonged Durability and Anti-Contamination Efficiency via Nano-TiO2 Photocatalyst Integration
Abstract: Porcelain has long been a critical material in high-voltage electrical insulation due to its exceptional mechanical, thermal, and dielectric properties. However, environmental contamination and material degradation over time pose significant challenges to its durability. This study investigates the integration of nano-sized titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyst coatings on porcelain insulators to enhance their performance and prolong their operational lifespan. Local clay compositions were analyzed, and a comparative study of untreated and …
Published in International Journal of Crystalline Materials · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 18–23 Read article
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Foundation of Building
Abstract: Recent trends in civil engineering underscore the importance of designing foundations that can withstand varying load conditions and environmental challenges. Selecting the appropriate foundation depth is critical for stability, particularly under intense loads. In regions with high rainfall, understanding maximum precipitation levels and water infiltration is vital. Water penetration into the soil can significantly reduce its load-bearing capacity, with saturation potentially lowering it by up to 50%. Foundations must also …
Published in Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 12–19 Read article
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Comparative Study of Percentage Removal of Iron from Water Media Polluted with PMS and AGO using Different Particle Size and Mix Ratios of Adsorbent
Abstract: The need to monitor the degree of comparative study of percentage removal of iron from water media contaminated with petrol motor spirit (PMS) and diesel (AGO) by the application of molded adsorbent in solid form. The adsorbent is made of clay soil with mixed of either of the agro-based materials listed, which include plantain Ogonic Red (POR), plantain Agbagba 1 (PA1) Banana Ogoni Red (BOR) and Banana Native (BN). The …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 25–38 Read article
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Nanocomposites of Polyethylene-Closite 20A: Preparation and Characteristics
Abstract: Low-density polyethylene/closite 20A nanocomposites with different organoclay contents were made in the current study by a melt mixing technique with two different compatibilizers of varying contents: low molecular weight oxidized polyethylene and low molecular weight trimethoxysilyl modified polybutadiene. The inclusion of compatibilizers and concentrations of organoclay were analyzed in relation to the mechanical and thermal properties of the nanocomposites. The dispersibility of the silicate clay in the nanocomposites was investigated …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 01–12 Read article
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Performance evaluation of MB plough with combination of different Tillage Implements
Abstract: This study evaluates the performance of tractor-drawn tillage implements in various combinations on clay loamy soil. The research aimed to assess performance parameters such as field capacity, efficiency, depth and width of cut, and energy requirements during seedbed preparation. The experiments were conducted on a 40 × 30 m² plot using multiple tillage combinations, including moldboard (MB) ploughing, MB ploughing combined with cultivating, MB ploughing followed by rotavating, single-pass rotavating, …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 20–26 Read article
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Comparison of Percentage Reduction of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon on Treatment Using Bryophylum pinnatum Leaf: The Concept of Alcohol and Water as Solvent for Constituents Extraction
Abstract: Investigation on the comparison of percentage reduction of total petroleum hydrocarbon on treatment using Bryophylum pinnatum leaf was indeed, considered by using the concept of alcohol and water as solvent for constituents’ extraction. The extracts were introduced into the various bioreactors set-up and the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration monitored with increase in contact period. The investigation revealed decreased in TPH concentration with increased in the percentage reduction of the …
Published in Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 45–52 Read article
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Study of Behavior of Buckling Restrained Bearing Frame Along with Soil Structure Interaction
Abstract: Lateral forces due to earthquake are the major consideration for design of earthquake resisting structures, these forces can be resisted by various systems like braced frames, shear walls, moment frames, etc. Energy dissipation is one of the most convenient option for earthquake resistance, as it can absorb input energy from earthquake protecting the main structure. Past research revealed that the Buckling Restrained Braces (BRB) are the best type of energy …
Published in Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology & Management Read article
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Nano-enhanced Bio-based Phase Change Materials: A Brief Review
Abstract: The high latent temperatures and variable melting points of bio-based phase change materials make them ideal for thermal control. This covers heat regulation for medical and pharmaceutical items, building comfort, and high-end electronics and automobiles. In recent years, research and application of energy-saving materials and technologies in buildings has increased strength. Modern construction technology aims to keep old and new structures energy efficient. TES employing PCMs is an energy-efficient approach. …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 11, Issue 4, 2023 · pp. 15–27 Read article