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44 articles for “bottom-up design”
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Safety of Foundation of Building
Abstract: The design of a building's foundation requires careful consideration of the load intensity applied from the structure above. To ensure stability and safety, the foundation depth must be sufficient to support the loads effectively. For residential buildings, where the loads are relatively lower, a foundation base size of 2.5 × 2.5 meters or 3 × 3 meters is typically adequate. In contrast, for structures with significantly higher loads, such as …
Published in Journal of Structural Engineering and Management · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 51–60 Read article
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Study and Design of PID Controller and State Observer Technique for Inverted Pendulum
Abstract: The inverted pendulum is a classic problem in dynamics and control theory and is widely used as a benchmark for testing control algorithms, it is unstable without control. The process is nonlinear and unstable with one input signal and several output signals. It is hence obvious that feedback of the state of the pendulum is needed to stabilize the pendulum. The aim of the study is to stabilize the pendulum …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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Underbalanced Drilling and Its Advancements: An Overview
Abstract: Ever increasing global energy demand associated with depletion of conventional hydrocarbon resources drives exploration and production (E&P) industry to invent advanced new technologies in frontier areas of drilling, production and reservoir engineering to enhance hydrocarbon production from unconventional resources or depleted reservoirs. Demand to produce from a low pressure marginal reservoir and the discoveries of naturally fractured reservoirs lead to the development of new drilling techniques like underbalanced drilling along …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 37–51 Read article
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Comparative Study of PSC Spun Pole using Higher Grade Concrete without and with Discontinuous Glass Fiber
Abstract: This experimental study was carried out on the prestressed concrete spun pole of length 13 m with and without use of anti-crack discontinuous glass fiber in high-strength concrete. The pole is having outer diameter at top and bottom as 206 mm and 379 mm respectively. The pole is having thickness 50~55 mm. The investigations were done to study the effect of use of high dispersion discontinuous glass fiber on deflection …
Published in Journal of Structural Engineering and Management · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Design of Experiments of an Effective Thermal Conductivity of Composite Matrix by using Numerical Simulation
Abstract: Effective thermal conductivities of fillers and matrix reinforced composite models are analysed by using Finite Element (FE) simulation. The process parameters of different filler concentrations, filler piece arrangements and thermal conductivity ratio are analysed by Design of Experiment. In this study, simulation based on fully replicable five -factor, five-level central composite design. Regression models are developed to analyze the effects of process parameter. The responses are analyzing the direct and …
Published in Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 1–18 Read article
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Hydrogen and oxygen generation by Photoelectrolysis and Special Constructed Photoelectrolyzer Powered by Light Energy for Hydrogen Electric Vehicle Charging
Abstract: Today, pure hydrogen is produced by various industrial methods, including: steam reforming of methane and natural gas; coal gasification; biotechnology; electrolysis of water, etc. The most effective method for obtaining pure hydrogen is the use of photoelectrolysis of an aqueous solution of an electrolyte, flowing in a photoelectrochemical cell. In this method, the hydrogen in the photoelectrochemical cell is produced directly from solar energy. In a photoelectrochemical cell, a silicon …
Published in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 38–46 Read article
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Estimation of Shallow Water Effects Using Empirical and Numerical Methods for Inland Vessels
Abstract: Due to the increased demand for transportation of cargoes through waterways, there is a need for more and efficient inland vessels. The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) has planned initiatives to augment the inland waterways sector through strategic development, complementing one activity with others to ensure efficient and effective movement of goods within the country for in-bound and out-bound destinations. A key element of this plan will be the …
Published in Journal of Offshore Structure and Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Design and simulation of Solar Powered Automated Dual Rotor Mechanism for Sugarcane Harvesting
Abstract: Sugarcane being the vast cultivated cash crop of India’s agricultural economy has undoubtedly one of the most difficult harvesting processes. The existing mechanisms to harvest sugarcane are costly and are not affordable by rural based farmers. In this project a novel design mechanism is suggested that would serve the purpose of harvesting with least manpower, being cost effective and serving the purpose of cutting, stripping, sorting and loading of the …
Published in International Journal of Robotics and Automation in Mechanics · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 18–26 Read article
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Purification of industrial wastewater using a photoelectroflotation process powered by solar energy
Abstract: The main problem of all existing electroflotation methods of wastewater treatment is salinization of the near-anode space during electroflotation, which leads to the formation of salt deposits on the anode, which strongly cover the anode surface, which can lead to a complete stop of the electroflotation process. The anode, used by electroflotation devices has a dense grid of small cells, which, on the one hand, increases the current density, but, …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 36–53 Read article
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Design and Control of Acrolein Production Process
Abstract: In this study, the design and control of acrolein production plant has been investigated. The proposed design consists of a reactor and two distillation columns. Propylene reacts with oxygen and produces acrolein, acrylic acid, carbon dioxide and water. Plant wide operability and control of the entire acrolein production plant with decentralized controllers are explained. Tray temperature control loop and composition control loop are designed to infer final product purity. From …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 27–34 Read article
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A New Method of Juice Concentration using a Hydrogen Bubbles Photoelectroflotation Process Powered by Solar
Abstract: Currently, juice concentrates are produced by extracting water from freshly squeezed juice. To extract water from freshly squeezed juice, one of the following methods is used: evaporation, freezing of water, or the use of diaphragms. When evaporating, freshly squeezed juice is heated in a vacuum in special trays, but not to the boiling point, since boiling the juice will destroy all its useful substances. The mass, obtained after evaporation is …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Food Science & Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 26–38 Read article
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Reliability Analysis of a Semi-gravity Retaining Wall Designed to Eurocode 7
Abstract: This research investigated the structural integrity of a semi-gravity retaining wall when subjected to potential sliding and overturning failures, while adhering to the guidelines outlined in Eurocode 7. It is widely acknowledged that the factor of safety alone is insufficient for risk assessment, and previous research has demonstrated the challenges in identifying how much safer a retaining wall becomes as the factor of safety increases. The dependability index, the element …
Published in Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 35–47 Read article
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Comprehensive Review of Nanomaterials Synthesis Methods, Characterization and Multifaceted Applications in Medical Field
Abstract: Nanomaterials associated by special qualities derived from their nanoscale size nanomaterials have tremendous potential in a variety of industries like, medicine & healthcare. Due to today busy life & unhealthy life schedule many abnormal cell growth take place in our body & affect the other organ. Sometimes it may leads to cancer & others dangerous diseases, nanomaterials such as nanotubes, liposomes & polymeric micelles are help for designing the drugs …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 5, 2025 · pp. 657–669 Read article
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Roles and Responsibilities of Verification Language, Verification Methodology and Verification Tool for Design Verification of a DUT
Abstract: Verification of a design is as important as the design itself to make it work in a practical scenario. Verification phase is an important phase in System on Chip (SoC) design cycle and used to take 70% to 80% of the total design time. A verification environment may be prepared simply using a Hardware Verification Language (HVL) only without using any methodology or using a HVL with verification methodology. The …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 114–121 Read article
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A Review Paper on Detection of Pernicious Applications in Android System
Abstract: AbstractThe electronic gadgets, for example, a mobile have turned out to be prevalent step by step, which is the significant focus of vindictive applications (malapps). The location and expulsion of noxious applications from android is the significant issue in now days. So, to keep the malapps out of the application markets is a progressing challenge. One noteworthy outline purposes of Android security system is to control the consent that limits …
Published in Journal of Software Engineering Tools & Technology Trends · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 7–10 Read article
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Failed Component Image Acquisition Quality Optimization for Machine Vision System
Abstract: AbstractWith the rapid development of the global semiconductor industry, electronic products are required to have new ideas, diversified functions, and thinness and shortness. The ball grid array (BGA) packaging technique arranges solder balls in a matrix mode on the bottom of the component substrate, so as to increase the functional density. The dye stain test is extensively used for array component failure analysis; however, the operation takes time and extends …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 17–25 Read article
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Laboratory permeability and single ring infiltration tests for the testing of waterproofing barriers of landfill tanks.
Abstract: Hydraulic conductivity is a fundamental hydrogeological parameter for the testing of waterproofing barriers of landfill tanks. These barriers are aimed at guaranteeing the isolation of the waste and preventing the infiltration of the percolate in the subsoil.Geotechnical features of mineral barriers must be preliminarily established through geotechnical laboratory tests in order to verify their suitability for their application.The main mineral barriers correspond to the bottom waterproofing of the landfill tanks …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 29–37 Read article
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Indoor Room Air Conditioning Using Heat Removal from PV Panels
Abstract: The paper describes the characteristics of a novel hybrid system of air conditioning and PV panel used to remove heat from PV panels located on the building roof and to air conditioning the space of the building placed just below. The design of the system is based on the well- known Trombe wall principle with the special characteristic of using a PV panel as front surface “to collect” heat that …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 22–33 Read article
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Development of a Natural Fiber Sand–Carbon Composite Filter Using Agave sisalana for Sustainable Domestic Sewage Treatment
Abstract: This study presents an innovative approach to decentralized domestic sewage treatment by integrating Agave sisalana fibers as the core functional component within a composite filtration system. The filtration column was constructed using a vertical 1:3:1 layered configuration comprising silica sand (top), Agave sisalana fibers (middle), and activated carbon (bottom). Comprehensive experimental analyses were conducted to evaluate the system’s efficacy in removing key water quality parameters, including turbidity, total solids (TS), …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 43–51 Read article
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Design and Fabrication of Cashew Nut Separating Machine from Cashew Fruit
Abstract: Cashew is one of the main potential fruit. Traditional method of cashew seed separation from the cashew apple is time consuming. Cashew seed separator machine was designed and fabricated to easy the work of farmer. At present, these cashew apples are either used as a fertilizer to the cashew plant or thrown away as garbage. This project aims at reducing the human labour and time involved in the traditional way. …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 8–12 Read article