A New Method of Juice Concentration using a Hydrogen Bubbles Photoelectroflotation Process Powered by Solar

Michael Shoikhedbrod

Abstract

Currently, juice concentrates are produced by extracting water from freshly squeezed juice. To extract water from freshly squeezed juice, one of the following methods is used: evaporation, freezing of water, or the use of diaphragms. When evaporating, freshly squeezed juice is heated in a vacuum in special trays, but not to the boiling point, since boiling the juice will destroy all its useful substances. The mass, obtained after evaporation is more like a viscous jam: honey or thick syrup. When water freezes, the water is removed by cold. When using diaphragms, freshly squeezed juice is passed through a membrane with the smallest holes. Water, at the same time, penetrates through the membrane, and large molecules of the freshly squeezed juice component settle on the membrane. All these methods of concentration of freshly squeezed juice require high economic costs.The article presents the application of a new developed method of hydrogen bubble photoelectroflotation and a specially designed complex: photoelectrolyzer + flotation cell for the production of freshly squeezed juice concentrate, using solar energy effect on a silicon semiconductor, immersed in juice water component, with attached non-corrosion mesh anode, generating a potential difference between the mesh anode and the cathode, located at the bottom part of the photoelectrolyzer, which contributes to the electrolysis of water component of squeezed juice, as a result of which electrolytic bubbles of hydrogen with the calculated dispersion are formed on the cathode, leading to the fact that water is not removed from the juice, but itself provides a high concentrate in a separate flotation cell simply, quickly and economically.