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24 articles for “antigenicity”
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Early Life Nutrition as a Determinant of Long-Term Vaccine Immunogenicity in Livestock: Mechanisms, Practical Strategies, and Species-Specific Considerations
Abstract: Early life represents a critical period for immune system development in livestock, during which nutritional exposures can exert long lasting effects on vaccine immunogenicity. Although vaccination is a cornerstone of infectious disease control in food producing animals, marked variability in vaccine induced immune responses is frequently observed under commercial conditions. Growing evidence suggests that this variability is partly driven by differences in early nutritional status, which can influence immune maturation, …
Published in International Journal of Vaccines · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 15–26 Read article
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Next-Generation mRNA Vaccines: Applications Beyond COVID-19
Abstract: Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine technology has become a paradigm shift in contemporary medicine and, with remarkable success in the COVID-19 pandemic, has opened the door to a new wave of vaccines development. In contrast to the traditional vaccine methods, mRNA vaccines are based on the synthetic genetic code that allows host cells to express target antigens, thus eliciting strong humoral and cellular immunity. The speed of development, efficacy, scalability of …
Published in International Journal of Vaccines · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 15–26 Read article
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Review on Effect of the Chemical Composition of some Pharmaceutical Vaccines and their Biochemical Efficacy with Chemical Techniques
Abstract: Chemical compounds are fundamental components in the formulation of medicines and vaccines, playing a critical role in ensuring their safety, stability, and effectiveness. Vaccines contain a combination of active and inactive ingredients, including weakened or inactivated viruses or bacteria, toxins, preservatives, stabilizers, adjuvants, antibiotics, and minerals. The active ingredient is an antigen, which stimulates the body's immune system to recognize and defend against specific infectious diseases. Adjuvants, such as aluminum …
Published in International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 01–09 Read article
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Overcoming Obstacles to an HIV-1 Cure: Advances in Genome Editing, Immune System Reprogramming, and Viral Reservoir Elimination
Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) continues to represent a major global health challenge despite the remarkable success of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Although ART effectively suppresses viral replication and prolongs survival, it cannot eradicate the virus due to the persistence of long-lived latent reservoirs. In recent years, innovative therapeutic strategies have been explored with the aim of achieving either a functional remission or complete viral elimination. Advances in genome-editing technologies, particularly …
Published in International Journal of Virus Studies · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 Read article