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46 articles for “retardation”
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A Review of Fire Retardants for Commercially Important Polyurethane Foams
Abstract: The review covers various additive and reactive fire retardants used to render flexible and rigid polyurethane foams fire retardant. Literature sources are mostly from technical publications, patents, books and handbooks since 1962. Various fire retardants such as phosphorus-containing compounds, halogen-containing compounds, nitrogen-containing additives, silicone-containing products and miscellaneous organic and inorganic additives have been used to render polyurethane foams fire retardant. Some heatresistant groups such as carbodiimide, isocyanurate and nitrogen-containing heterocycles …
Published in Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology & Management · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2013 · pp. 1–36 Read article
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Flame-Retardant Polymeric Materials: Recent Advances and Future Directions
Abstract: This review explores essential flame-retardant polymers that play a vital role in various industries such as electrical & electronics, automobile, manufacturing, and firefighting. This review also highlights the latest progress in the design and synthesis of flame-retardant polymers, highlighting novel approaches such as the incorporation of nanomaterials, bio-based flame retardants, and the use of intumescent systems. Recent advancements include high-throughput screening, computational design, bio-based and sustainable flame retardants, self-healing materials, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 5, 2024 · pp. 125–132 Read article
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Effect of Flame Retardants on the Flammability and Mechanical Properties of Recycled Cellulose FiberThermoplastic Composites
Abstract: In this work, recycled cellulose fiber and two different types of flame retardants, including magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) with smaller particle size and zinc borate with antimony trioxide (ZB-AT), were heavily combined with thermoplastic polymer to create a fire retardant composite. Composites were made using a melt-blending technique and injection molding, which have a number of benefits like being inexpensive, being able to get rid of industrial materials, and having superior …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Deposition of Antimony Trioxide on the Composite Surface to Increase Its Flame Retardancy
Abstract: In the present work, the preparation method of antimony trioxide and its thermal properties were extracted, as well as identified the manufacturing method to form an insulation layer from this oxide as a thickness of the covering layer (2 mm), deposited on the composite material consisting of unsaturated polyester resin and glass fiber which acts as a paste and take for the material to the insulation and flame retardant oxide. …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 1–3 Read article
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Prevalence of URTI and Growth Retardation in Government Primary School Children of Bangalore
Abstract: Children are an important part of the total community. School children constitute a large pool of children of this age group. Sickness is a major cause of school absenteeism and scholastic backwardness. To know the prevalence of URTI and growth retardation in children of Government Primary Schools of Bangalore, a one-time observational cross-sectional study was conducted in three primary schools of Kottigepalya, Bangalore. Four hundred and fifty-six children were included …
Published in Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 1, Issue 1-3, 2012 · pp. 127–132 Read article
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Attitude of Parents Towards their Children with Mentally Retardation—A Review Article
Abstract: Mental retardation has been a social stigma and it is indicative of the illiteracy and lack of scientific knowledge among the individuals in the society. A great emotional flexibility and emotional stability is required for raising a child with mental retardation. According to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) report, around 3% of the general population suffers with mental retardation. Existing studies reveal that very often the parents as well as …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 10–14 Read article
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Experimental Study on Strength and Setting Time of Concrete After Modifying Workability by Using Molasses as Time Retarding and Plasticizing Agent
Abstract: Molasses is a byproduct recovered from the sugar refining process. Molasses can also be recovered from the paper industries. Here the waste floating on the surface of boiling sugar juice during the process of production of sugar is taken. Sugar content in such molasses slows down the hydration process in cement. This phenomenon increases the setting time of the concrete mix. Among the quantity of water added to concrete without …
Published in Journal of Structural Engineering and Management · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Assessing the Effectiveness of Visual Stimulation on Visual Perceptual Ability Among Intellectually Disabled Children
Abstract: Every child, including those with mild mental retardation, has the right to receive an education. As like normal children, mild mentally intellectually disabled children need education that can help their growth and development and to perform their daily life activities. However, learning sources for intellectually disabled children have several obstacles, including recognition of objects. The purpose of this study is to orient the use of basic articles for mild intellectually …
Published in International Journal of Evidence Based Nursing And Practices · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 12–22 Read article
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FMR1 Key Biomarker in Fragile X Syndrome- A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is a complicated neurodevelopmental condition that causes intellectual disabilities, behavioural issues, and a variety of physical symptoms. Central to understanding FXS is the Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 (FMR1) gene, pivotal in the disorder's pathogenesis. This review examines FMR1 as a key biomarker in FXS, drawing on recent research insights. The FMR1 gene, situated on the X chromosome, encodes the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), …
Published in International Journal of Brain Sciences · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 8–18 Read article
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Fabrication and Flammability Assessment of Hybrid Composite Material Reinforced with Natural Fibers
Abstract: The utilization of natural fibers in composites has surged owing to their sustainable advantages. Natural fibers, categorized by their origin into plant, mineral, and animal fibers, have garnered significant attention. This study focuses on flax and wool fibers as representatives of natural fibers, paired with epoxy as the matrix material. The properties of flax and wool fibers were reviewed and found that wool has good fire retardancy property while flax …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 273–284 Read article
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Improving the Performance of Self-compacting Concrete Using Optimized Admixture Combinations
Abstract: This study explores the influence of various admixture combinations on the performance of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC), with an emphasis on its flow behavior, compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, and resistance to impact. Various admixtures, including Air-Entraining Agent (AEA), Water-Reducing Plasticizer (WPC), Retarder (RET), and Accelerator (ACC), were incorporated into the SCC reference mix (SP + VMA) to evaluate their impact on SCC performance. A series of tests—such as slump …
Published in Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology & Management · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 81–89 Read article
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Engineering Polymer Innovations for Improved Battery Safety and Vehicle Efficiency: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Electric vehicles (EVs) are high-power systems that require high-quality materials to ensure safety, reliability, and performance under extreme operating conditions. Polymer materials have become critical engineering materials in meeting these requirements due to their lightweight nature, design flexibility, durability, and high electrical insulation capability. Consequently, polymers are widely used in key EV components, including battery enclosures, module frames, thermal interface materials, wiring insulation, and lightweight structural parts.Recent developments in polymer …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 500–512 Read article
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Knowledge of Family Caregivers on Care of Mentally Challenged Children: A Review Article
Abstract: The degree of impairment from mental retardation varies widely, from profoundly impaired to mild or borderline retardation. Less emphasis is now placed on the degree of retardation and more on the amount of intervention and care needed for daily life. Not all parents have adequate knowledge regarding intellectual disability. There is an existing lack of knowledge among the family caregivers on care of mentally challenged children in variety of areas …
Published in Journal of Nursing Science & Practice · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 13–16 Read article
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Electromagnetic Disc Braking with Smart Assistant
Abstract: Electro-mechanical disc brakes are electrically actuated, yet mechanically transmit torque. The magnetic flux attracts the armature to the face of the brake when power is applied to the coil of an electromagnet. It squeezes the inner and outer friction discs together as it does so. The design of an electromagnetic disc brake requires a multidisciplinary approach. Its performance is an outcome of the usage of concepts from various fields, viz. …
Published in Journal of Automobile Engineering and Applications · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Design and Development of Contactless Breaking System for Automobiles
Abstract: The contact less brake is a new and revolutionary concept. Maintenance free brake system is a modern technology braking system used in light motor and heavy motor vehicles like car, jeep, truck, buses etc. This system is a combination of electro-mechanical concepts. The frequency of accidents is nowadays increasing due to inefficient braking system. In this research work, with a view to enhance to the braking system in automobile, a …
Published in Journal of Automobile Engineering and Applications · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 34–36 Read article
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Review on Sustained Released Matrix Tablet
Abstract: Pharmaceuticals often use sustained release dose forms to prolong the therapeutic agent’s presence in the bloodstream and maintain a consistent plasma profile. The matrix governs the drug’s release rate. Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, a release retardant, is a key excipient in formulations due to its ability to promote sustained release. Techniques that include wet granulation, direct compression, or the dispersion of solid particles within a porous matrix, integrating polymers, like polymethyl …
Published in Trends in Drug Delivery · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 60–69 Read article
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Prevalence of Associated Problems among the Mentally Challenged Children in Bangalore
Abstract: Background: Mentally challenged children experience a lot of associated disturbances along with problems of mental retardation. The primary aim of the present study was to identify the associated problems that occur along with the mental retardation among the mentally challenged children in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Method: Descriptive research design was adopted for the present study. Complete enumeration sampling method was used to select 134 caregivers of mentally challenged children studying …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 19–23 Read article
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Development of Sodium Alginate Beads of Telmisartan Using Emulsion Gelation Method: Formulation and In-Vitro Characterization
Abstract: Introduction: The antihypertensive medication Telmisartan (TEL) is a member of BCS class II, which is distinguished by limited oral rate and extent and water solubility. By localizing the medication release in the stomach, gastro-retentive floating bead devices may be able to address the issues related to partial absorption and the low solubility of TEL. The preparation of TEL floating alginate beads was the aim of this investigation. The current work …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 13–21 Read article
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Analysis of a Battery Pack Module for a Formula Student Car
Abstract: This research aims to evaluate the development of a high-voltage accumulator system that meets established standards of safety and operation. It examines key components, protocols, and techniques used in its creation while assessing performance in electronic cooling and structural integrity. Polymers, serving as electrical insulators and flame retarders, have found an interesting application in EV battery packs. This study focuses on polycarbonate materials' ability to withstand thermal and structural loads …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 5, 2025 · pp. 320–339 Read article
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Development of a Polymer-Encapsulated IoT-Based Sensor for Thermal and Electrical Protection of EV Batteries
Abstract: Electric Vehicles (EVs) mark a critical shift toward sustainable transportation, with Battery Management Systems (BMS) playing a vital role in ensuring battery safety, reliability, and efficiency. The proposed BMS in this project incorporates real-time charge monitoring, temperature sensing, and fire detection capabilities to address safety concerns associated with lithium-ion batteries. Key features include current and voltage tracking, State of Charge (SoC) estimation, fault detection, and a user-friendly LCD interface. By …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 582–591 Read article