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141 articles for “global threat”
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COVID-19: An Emerging Global Threat
Abstract: The emergence of COVID-19 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019 has worsened global health worries. It is now declared by World Health Organization (WHO) as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). Till 22 March 2021, there have been 122,524,424 confirmed cases of COVID-19 globally, with 2,703,620 deaths, and more than 216 countries are suffering from this fatal virus. The transmission of coronavirus occurs via droplets, filthy …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 8–19 Read article
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Antimicrobial Resistance: A Growing Serious Threat for Global Public Health
Abstract: Antibiotics, among the most significant discoveries of the 20th century, have prevented infectious diseases from claiming millions of lives. However, their widespread use and misuse have created strong selection pressure, enabling microbes to develop antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to many drugs. Over time, AMR has spread primarily through human-to-human contact, both within healthcare settings and in the community. It is driven by a complex interplay of healthcare and agricultural factors, including …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 17, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 13–26 Read article
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Plastic Waste: An Environmental Blight
Abstract: A review gave the context of effect of pollution from plastic on humans, animals and environmental health. Plastic is becoming an environmental calamity. The majority of research has been done till date on effect of plastic pollution on marine ecosystem is a Centre of attention. Discharge and dumping of plastic waste into the rivers and oceans have increased in recent years. In 2015, 55% waste was discarded and only 20% …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 33–37 Read article
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IUCN Conservation Status and Global Population Trends of Avifauna in Pong Dam Lake Wildlife Sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh
Abstract: The expansive wetland at Pong Dam Lake, which is located within the picturesque Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh, stands out prominently as one of the largest artificially created wetlands in the entire region. This wetland is renowned for its biodiversity, particularly its avian population. In a comprehensive survey an impressive total of 225 bird species residing within the Pong Dam Lake Wildlife Sanctuary were documented. These species are spread across …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Ecology · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 13–23 Read article
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A Study on accelerating threat of Emerging Infectious Diseases (EIDs) and imperative for a proactive, interdisciplinary Global Health Security Framework
Abstract: Emerging Infectious Diseases (EIDs) represent one of the most critical and persistent threats to global health security in the 21st century. Driven primarily by the synergy of unprecedented human encroachment into wild habitats, climate change-induced ecological disruption, accelerated international travel, and antimicrobial resistance, the frequency and severity of zoonotic spillover events are rapidly increasing. Traditional, reactive public health measures—focused on containment after an emergence—have repeatedly proven insufficient, leading to catastrophic …
Published in International Journal of Tropical Medicines · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 8–21 Read article
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The Doomsday Clock and Global Health: A Medical Sociological Analysis of Existential Threats to Human Civilization From 1947 to 85 Seconds to Midnight Situating the Biosocial Crises of the Twenty-First Century
Abstract: Since its inception in 1947, the Doomsday Clock maintained by the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists has functioned as a socially constructed barometer of civilisational risk, translating complex scientific, geopolitical, and technological threats into a universally legible symbolic chronometry. As of January 2026, the Clock stands at 85 seconds to midnight, its most alarming position in nearly eight decades of operation. This article adopts a medical sociological framework, drawing on …
Published in Recent Trends in Social Studies · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 26–36 Read article
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Global Emergence of mcr-mediated Colistin Resistance in Gram-negative Bacteria: Focusing the Current Status in India Under One Health Lens
Abstract: In the global crisis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), colistin has been revived as a last resort treatment option for multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections. Rapid dissemination of mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes among Gram-negative bacterial pathogens is alarming the healthcare fraternity throughout the world, especially in developing countries such as India compromises infection prevention practices and reduces colistin efficacy during medical emergencies.. Several developed countries have implemented strict regulations on …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 6–18 Read article
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Efficacy Evaluation of Trichoderma Harzianum, T. Viride, & T. Asperellum: Eco-Biocontrol Agents Against Dry Rot of Potato in Pakistan
Abstract: Fusarium sambucinum is one of the most aggressive fusarium species initiating potato dry rot disease around the world and causing significant economic losses. To alleviate reliance on synthetic fungicides as their long-term use may lead to fungal resistance, biocontrol assays against threatening fungal diseases hold significant importance as an eco-friendly management approach. Antagonists are gradually becoming hotspots and hold broad applicable prospects. Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, and T. asperellumwere screened …
Published in International Journal of Fungi · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 46–50 Read article
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Hybrid Intelligence in Cyber Security: A Study
Abstract: The digital landscape is a battlefield of escalating complexity, where the volume, velocity, and sophistication of cyber threats have exponentially outpaced human-centric defense models. Traditional rule-based security systems and siloed artificial intelligence (AI) solutions, while valuable, are increasingly brittle, overwhelmed by zero-day exploits, polymorphic malware, and coordinated, state-sponsored campaigns that operate in the shadows of big data. This paper posits that the paradigm of cybersecurity must fundamentally shift from one …
Published in International Journal of Wireless Security and Networks · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 01–09 Read article
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Mannan-Rich Fractions in Poultry Nutrition: A Sustainable and Defensive Strategy against Antimicrobial Resistance
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has evolved to be a significant global threat, menacing worldwide health and food security. Its proliferation in poultry farming has spurred the search for sustainable, non-antibiotic alternatives. One promising alternative is Mannan-Rich Fractions (MRFs), which is derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These bioactive compounds not only support poultry health but also aid in suppressing pathogenic bacteria without contributing to resistance. This review brings together current studies highlighting how …
Published in Recent Trends in Infectious Diseases · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–16 Read article
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Plant Disease Detection Using Machine Learning
Abstract: Plant diseases significantly threaten global crop yields and affect both nutritional safety and farmer income. Accurate and early detection of plant diseases is essential for effective intervention and treatment. In this study, we used the CNN model (convolutional neural network) to explore a deep learning-based approach for plant disease classification. The model was trained and evaluated on a large dataset encompassing 38 different classes of plant disease, including healthy leaves. …
Published in Journal of Multimedia Technology & Recent Advancements · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 07–19 Read article
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Perspectives of Renewable Energy Sources in the Future Indian Competitive Electricity Markets
Abstract: Energy is considered to be a key factor in the generation of wealth, social development and improved quality of life in all developed and developing countries in the world. Renewable energy development is of great importance from the point of view of long term energy supply security, decentralization of energy supply particularly for the benefit of the rural population, environmental benefits and sustainability in competitive power market also. India is …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 2, Issue 1-2-3, 2012 · pp. 31–44 Read article
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Enhancing Cybercrime Detection Through Big Data Analytics: A Conceptual Framework
Abstract: The growing complexity of cybercrime reduction and prevention difficulties necessitates a different approach to dealing with the massive amounts of data involved. The issues of reducing and preventing cybercrime are becoming more complex as cybercrime becomes ingrained in our daily lives. When it comes to showcasing the original division of criminal activities, traditional police operations typically fall short, which means they contribute less to the right deployment of police resources. …
Published in Journal Of Network security · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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The Global and Regional Challenge of Pan-Antibiotic Resistance: A Review of Emerging Threats and Mechanisms
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major and most intricate threats to the health of the 21st century as it is core to the undermined expertise of the common clinical practice and public health security worldwide. The problem is characterized by the extensive development of bacterial pathogens into extremely drug-resistant (XDR) and pan-drug-resistant (PDR) so- called superbugs faster than it can be done with therapeutics. It is a synthesis …
Published in International Journal of Antibiotics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 28–37 Read article
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Sustainable Energy Integration: A Holistic Review of Microgrid Advancements and Future Prospects
Abstract: The escalating global energy crisis, coupled with growing apprehensions about fuel depletion, electricity scarcities, and the escalating threat of global warming, underscores the urgency of seeking sustainable solutions. Clean and renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power offer potential remedies through distributed generators. Microgrids, positioned as crucial interfaces linking power generated by distributed generators based on renewable energy resources to the broader power system, have emerged as a …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 40–48 Read article
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Targeting Papain-Like Protease of Re-Emerging Coronaviruses
Abstract: Re-emerging Corona viruses (CoVs), including SARS-CoV (S-CoVs), and SARS-CoV-2 (S-CoV-2), continue to pose a global health threat due to their high mutation rates, zoonotic spillover potential, and capacity for immune evasion. The global pandemic of year 2019, caused by S-CoV-2, has highlighted the importance for robust antiviral strategies beyond vaccines and RNA polymerase or main protease inhibitors, which are susceptible to resistance. One promising therapeutic target is the S-CoV-2 papain-like …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 46–62 Read article
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Disease X: Unveiling the Unknown Pathogen and Enhancing Global Preparedness
Abstract: “The concept of “Disease X” was introduced to drive the creation and refinement of versatile technologies such as vaccines, therapeutic drugs, and diagnostic tests, which could be swiftly adapted and utilized in response to future infectious disease outbreaks with epidemic or pandemic potential. The aim was to establish a proactive approach to emerging health threats by developing platform technologies capable of addressing a broad spectrum of potential pathogens. The COVID-19 …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 15–20 Read article
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Covid 19: Virology, Pathogenesis, Epidemiology and Control
Abstract: AbstractThe pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China in December2019 is a highly infectious disease. Coronavirus disease spreads primarily through contact with an infected person when they cough or sneeze. It also spreads when a person touches a surface or object that has the virus on it, then touches their eyes, nose, or mouth. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the ongoing outbreak as a global public …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 6–17 Read article
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Veterinary Immunology in Zoonotic Disease Control
Abstract: Zoonotic diseases, which are transmissible between animals and humans, pose a significant threat to global public health, food security, and economic stability. Veterinary immunology plays a pivotal role in understanding host–pathogen interactions, developing preventive strategies, and mitigating the impact of these diseases. Animals serve as reservoirs for a variety of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi, which can persist asymptomatically or cause clinical disease. Understanding the immune mechanisms in both …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 36–43 Read article
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Review of Current Trends in Vaccine Development against Zoonotic Viruses: Challenges and Innovations
Abstract: The emergence of zoonotic viruses poses a significant threat to global public health, necessitating rapid advancements in vaccine development. This review highlights the current trends and innovative strategies employed in the creation of vaccines against zoonotic pathogens, including but not limited to viruses responsible for diseases such as Ebola, Zika, Nipah, and more recently, SARS-CoV-2. We discuss various vaccine platforms, including inactivated, live attenuated, mRNA, and viral vector vaccines, focusing …
Published in International Journal of Virus Studies · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–11 Read article