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323 articles for “design issues”
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Classification and Comparison of Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks
Abstract: Recent developments and the overlap of multiple technologies, including distributed signal processing, ad-hoc network routing protocols, embedded systems, integrated circuits, micro electro-mechanical systems, microprocessor hardware, and nanotechnology, have rendered the idea of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) possible. Sensor network nodes are finite with regard to energy, processing capability, and communication bandwidth. Yet, since they can vary with respect to the application and network structure, the routing protocols have received the …
Published in International Journal of Wireless Security and Networks · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 35–44 Read article
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A study on CMOS Operational Amplifier in Sensor Development
Abstract: CMOS operational amplifiers (op-amps) have emerged as pivotal components in modern sensor development, enabling the amplification and conditioning of weak signals with high precision and efficiency. Their inherent advantages low power consumption, compact size, and seamless integration with digital circuits make them ideal for advancing miniaturized, battery-powered sensor systems in fields ranging from biomedical devices to IoT networks. By delivering precision, power efficiency, and integration, CMOS op-amps are not just …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 01–07 Read article
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Internet of Things Connectivity Using Millimetre Wave: A Study
Abstract: Internet of Things(IoT) is undergoing rapid development, which is connecting millions of devices and causing sectors to undergo transformation. On the other hand, given this increase, the constraints of conventional wireless communication technologies are being stretched to their limits. Millimetre wave, often known as mmWave, is a high-frequency band that has the potential to revolutionise Internet of Things connectivity by providing much higher capacity levels and lower latency levels. Microwave …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 18–30 Read article
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Design of Decoder Using Domino Logic Circuit for VLSI
Abstract: Dissipation of power from a circuit is the major issue in the design of any VLSI circuit, which decreases the life span of a device/system. NMOS and PMOS circuits are very slow while switching the state from low to high. The speed of the circuit can be increased by decreasing resistance. This process in turn increases the static power dissipation. So, because of these disadvantages, CMOS circuits are used in …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology Read article
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Ethical Considerations in AI Design and Deployment
Abstract: The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has brought with it many opportunities in various fields such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and education. But alongside these benefits, there are also important ethical issues that need to be resolved to ensure that AI systems are designed and deployed responsibly. This article explores the importance of ethics for artificial intelligence, focusing on issues such as impartiality, transparency, accountability, privacy, and interference …
Published in Journal of Open Source Developments · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 28–38 Read article
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Supply Chain Design Considering Social and Environmental Risks
Abstract: The aim of the research is to design a supply chain taking into account social and environmental risks. In this research, an attempt was made to present a model that, by considering variables close to the real world, simultaneously considers cost and sustainability issues for designing a meat supply chain network, including locating facilities, using technology in them, how products flow in the network, etc. In order to examine the …
Published in International Journal of Industrial and Product Design Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 35–43 Read article
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Feasibility of adopting various tools in design phase management for construction projects
Abstract: Managing the design process across the course of a project's lifecycle is known as design phase management. Due to the iterative nature of the design phase, several types of variability affect workflow in construction and present management problems to the project team. In this study, the stakeholders were interviewed in-depth to identify the coordination issues that arise during the design phase of each stage of the building project. Based on …
Published in International Journal of Architectural Design and Planning Read article
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Recent Trends and Techniques in the Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) Protocol: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: ARM has created the Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) that is used as the main method for communication on chips in today’s embedded systems. Since AMBA is built to scale and combine with other components, it allows data transfer to high-performance and low-power components easily. The paper discusses how AMBA protocols have evolved and presents new trends of producing higher data rates, conserving energy, and lowering latency. This study offers …
Published in Recent Trends in Electronics Communication Systems · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 9–15 Read article
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VLSI – Power, Expansion and Versatility
Abstract: The evolution of Very Large-Scale Integration (VLSI) technology has significantly transformed the landscape of modern electronics, driving innovations across diverse industries. This article explores the key attributes of VLSI, focusing on its power, expansion, and versatility. VLSI's power lies in its ability to integrate thousands to millions of transistors on a single chip, enabling the development of high-performance, energy-efficient devices. The expansion of VLSI technology is exemplified by its application …
Published in International Journal of VLSI Circuit Design & Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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A Review of Automated Pomegranate Disease Detection and Classification Using Machine Learning
Abstract: The abstract outlines a research study focused on developing an automated system for detecting and classifying diseases that affect pomegranate fruits. Pomegranates, like many other crops, are vulnerable to several types of diseases that appear as visible colored spots on the fruit’s surface. These visible symptoms, such as lesions or discoloration, can significantly impact the fruit’s quality, market value, and yield. Therefore, timely and accurate identification of such diseases is …
Published in Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 01–13 Read article
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Challenges and Innovations in Designing Underground Reservoirs for Urban Water Management
Abstract: Drawing on the technical, environmental and social aspects of underground reservoirs, this research investigates their potential to improve urban water management. The study identifies main issues in reservoir design and deployment, analyses effectiveness of existing solutions to drought and flooding problems, and compares the application of new technologies and materials in the field, as well as considers views and attitudes of involve parties and citizens. The study used both quantitative …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–24 Read article
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A Review on Evolution of Aircraft Fuselage Materials: From Wood to Composites & Functionally Graded Materials
Abstract: This article presents a comprehensive overview of the evolution of materials for construction of aircraft fuselages, with a focus on the expanding use of polymer composites and functionally graded materials (FGMs) in modern aerostructures. The baseline fuselage design is thought to be from wood, to be followed by metallic systems such as aluminum, titanium, and nickel alloys. All systems improved manufacturability, strength, and longevity, but there was a substantial revolution …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 447–455 Read article
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The Assessment of Electric Vehicle Fire Risk Using the Failure Tree Analysis
Abstract: With the global shift toward sustainable transportation, the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is rapidly becoming a reality, largely driven by growing environmental awareness and concerns over climate change. However, alongside this transition comes a set of emerging challenges, most notably, the increasing incidence of EV-related fire hazards, which have attracted significant public and media scrutiny. This situation highlights the urgent need for a detailed and systematic approach to …
Published in Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 27–38 Read article
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Prototype Model Development and Design Analysis of A Solar Tricycle for Physically Challenged People in India
Abstract: Society is greatly concerned about the mobility of individuals with physical disabilities. The scarcity of energy resources and the issue of pollution are currently the primary concerns. These issues can be resolved by employing alternative energy sources such as solar power. This paper presents an overview of the existing solar tricycles designed for those with disabilities. It also improves a handicapped-friendly solar-powered tricycle. The goal is to reduce handicapped people's …
Published in International Journal of Mechanical Dynamics and Systems Analysis · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 43–56 Read article
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Design for Revitalizing Historical Identity: Case Study Zakho Old Bazaar, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Abstract: A town in northern Kurdistan, near the border of Iraq, Turkey, and Syria converge, Zakho was rural center and regional marketplace. The city exhibits remarkable sites dating to various eras, including Dalal bridge and Al-Qeshla, an ancient site with significant truistic attraction. Zakho has been a center of religious diversity, dynasty to Muslims, Christians, and Jews, which has significantly influenced the city’s rich urban environs and architectural heritage. The old …
Published in International Journal of Urban Design and Development · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 39–59 Read article
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Holistic integrated approach of designing a satellite town: Introducing theories of environmental parameters like pollution free, circular economy and sustainability
Abstract: Urban regions are quite challenging to restore the quality of environment at the global level as well as posing serious threat to climatic changes. This fact is demonstrated on the grounds that around 70% of the carbon footprint is contributed from the urban sector. The authors of the present study have attempted to design a satellite town of population 50,000, partly to dilute the population density of main urban town …
Published in International Journal of Architectural Design and Planning · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 24–41 Read article
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Smart Gardening: Simplified Seed Sowing Techniques
Abstract: The primary objective of the exhibiting operation is to plant seed and fertilizer in rows at the proper depth and seed-to-seed spacing, cover the seeds with soil, and make sure there is enough compaction over the seed. To get the maximum yields, different recommended row-to-row spacing, seed rate, seed-to-seed spacing, and depth of seed placement are required for different agro-climatic conditions and crop kinds. A comparative analysis is conducted between …
Published in International Journal of Machine Systems and Manufacturing Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 20–28 Read article
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The Role of Majority Functions in Enhancing Full Subtractor Performance in High-Density Logic Circuits
Abstract: In the present trend of very large-scale integration (VLSI) technology, implementing a Boolean function with the fewest number of gates (logic) has always been important. Low power design strategies now provide much more benefits than in the past. Performance, affordability, and dependability may be key issues in this area of technology design. Power dissipation is now recognized as a crucial component in the development of competitive market areas such wireless …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 Read article
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Urban Planning and Design Approaches for Redevelopment: Case of Indian Railway Stations Redevelopment
Abstract: Urban society’s spatial and functional needs are reflected in the theories that revolve around planning and design. These theories evolve and shape urban policies that are the frameworks for the future. The practice of these theories differs across the world because of the unique history and geography of urban areas. However, theories encompass a wide range of subjects that occur repeatedly. It is important to understand and contextualise the theoretical …
Published in International Journal of Urban Design and Development · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 25–35 Read article
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Assessment of Hepatic Damage in Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) Exposed to Azo dye C. I. Direct Green 6
Abstract: Textile industries are one of the major backbones of Indian economy. They are the major reason for contamination of water bodies and their toxicity to ecosystem is an alarming environmental issue. The present study was designed to evaluate the hepatotoxic effects of C.I. Direct Green 6 (DG 6), a commercially used textile azo dye on Labeo rohita fingerlings. For this, L. rohita fingerlings were exposed to three sublethal concentrations (2.5, …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology Read article