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138 articles for “costing procedure”
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Service Effectiveness of Transportation Assets
Abstract: In this study, the overall management procedure for transportation assets are discussed. The performance of the assets is evaluated based on quality of service and system effectiveness to meet the expectation of the users, productivity and efficiency, resource utilization and cost-effectiveness. A guideline is established with performance standards and specifications. It is incorporated in lease contract to ensure that a desired minimum performance standard is maintained over the lease period …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 29–36 Read article
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Review on Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RASs) for Fish Growth
Abstract: The safe and healthy production of high-quality aquatic products is dependent on the use of a wide variety of water treatment equipment in recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs), which are models of intensive aquaculture facilities. With the use of bigger systems and improved production management procedures, significant cost reductions have been realised in the production of food fish. The work involved in handling fish must be minimised, and efficient tank rotational …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 39–43 Read article
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Design and Fabrication of Automatic Timetable Generator and its Application
Abstract: Making a schedule manually is exceedingly challenging in today's literate environment. Timetables must be made specifically for each branch and each year. It becomes quite chaotic, time-consuming, and labor-intensive to manually prepare the timetables. When a staff member needs to be substituted or is on leave, the process can occasionally become complicated. In our effort, we have developed a timetable-creation algorithm that will save a lot of time while lessen …
Published in International Journal of Advanced Robotics and Automation Technology · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 21–25 Read article
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Commercialization of Smart Polymers in Advanced Composite Structures for Industrial Applications
Abstract: The commercialization of smart polymers in advanced composite structures represents a significant rise in material science, particularly for industrial applications. These smart polymers show unique properties such as self-healing, shape memory, & responsiveness to environmental disturbances, making them ideal for a wide range of applications. In this paper, the researcher explores the advancements in developing and applying smart polymers within composite structures, focusing on their potential. Revolutionize industries like atmosphere, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 6, 2024 · pp. 70–81 Read article
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Li-Fi in Surgery: A Study
Abstract: The operating theatre is increasingly saturated with wireless devices that contend for limited radiofrequency (RF) spectrum, creating a latent risk of electromagnetic interference (EMI) with lifesupporting equipment. Light Fidelity (LiFi), a visiblelight communication technology that modulates LED illumination to transmit data, offers a compelling, RFfree alternative for intraoperative networking. This study investigates the feasibility, performance, and clinical impact of deploying a LiFi infrastructure to support highdefinition video streaming, realtime telemetry, …
Published in International Journal of Electrical and Communication Engineering Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 20–27 Read article
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Durability Design of Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Cost Minimization by Excel Solver
Abstract: Design procedures based on current specifications do not always ensure required service life, mostly because of the underestimated durability parameters. This is due to the fact that definition of durability is not operational as basis for design, maintenance and repair. This paper presents an Excel spreadsheet model for the cost optimization of simply supported beams designed according to the requirements of the American Concrete Institute (ACI) code and the Japan …
Published in Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology & Management · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 75–81 Read article
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A Review on Heavy Metal Removal Techniques in Water Treatment
Abstract: The removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater is crucial for environmental safety and human health due to the toxic and persistent nature of these pollutants. This review comprehensively examines various water treatment methods, including adsorption, membrane filtration, chemical precipitation, electrochemical, and photocatalytic processes. Each technique is critically analyzed in terms of removal efficiency, operating conditions, and their respective advantages and limitations. Adsorption methods, particularly those using bioadsorbents, have gained …
Published in Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 15–28 Read article
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The Feasibility of Bilateral Tympanoplasty in Single Sitting in Bilateral Chronic Otitis Media
Abstract: Bilateral tympanoplasty is not a routinely performed surgery by otosurgeons. The reason being is the risk of inducing sensorineural deafness and fear of bilateral ear packing post operatively that may render patient’s total deaf. The aim of the study is to assess the feasibility of bilateral tympanoplasty in single sitting in bilateral chronic otitis media. 50 patients with bilateral inactive mucosal type COM underwent bilateral tympanoplasty in same sitting. The …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 22–27 Read article
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Role of USG Guided Percutaneous Needle Aspiration in Pyogenic Liver Abscess
Abstract: Background: Liver abscess has been a condition of high mortality and morbidity in past but since there is work done over decades with use of percutaneous aspiration and percutaneous drainage along with antibiotics; percutaneous drainage is currently the treatment of choice in liver abscess. Percutaneous needle aspiration (PNA) as an alternative to continuous percutaneous catheter drainage in combination with systemic antibiotics for the treatment of PLA has never been popular.Aims …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 22–27 Read article
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Exploring Diabetic Retinopathy from an Ayurvedic Lens: Insights Leveraging Bioinformatics
Abstract: Diabetic retinopathy is one among the target diseases for VISION 2025. The huge cost required for treatment, economic loss due to absenteeism from work etc... has made it as a great public challenge. Therefore it is in need of the hour to address the issues of diabetes mellitus with its complication Diabetic Retinopathy with all seriousness and it is quite essential to search for a affordable medical care for the …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Bioinformatics · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 45–51 Read article
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Ayurveda Approach to Primary Snoring through Panchakarma—A Case Study
Abstract: Purpose: Snoring is vibratory noise generated from the pharynx and soft palate as the air passes through this narrowed space. Further narrowing produces louder snoring, laboured inspiration and eventually apnoeic episodes. Social consequences are the usual reason for the patient to seek help. They can be distressing, banishment from the bedroom, marital disharmony, no holidays, fear of travelling, or falling asleep in a public place etc. Method: This is a …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Health Professions · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 8–11 Read article
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Advances and Challenges in the Development of High-performance Silicon Carbide (SiC) Power Devices
Abstract: Due to its distinct features, silicon carbide (SiC), a wide-bandgap semiconductor material, has attracted a lot of attention lately. SiC has superior electrical characteristics compared to silicon, making it an attractive material for high-performance power electronic devices. SiC-based devices can operate at higher temperatures, higher voltages, and higher switching frequencies, which can result in increased power density and efficiency. Recent advances in SiC device technology have led to the development …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 15–20 Read article
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Application of Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm for Multiobjective Optimal Design of Distribution Transformer
Abstract: AbstractIn today’s competitive environment, transformer manufacturers are faced with the exigent task of yielding optimum performance at lowest cost. Considering the aspect of energy shortage and increase in its cost, the complexity of achieving the optimal balance between transformer manufacturing costs and transformer performance is a herculean task, demanding great amount of attempts to reach satisfactory results. To cater with the problem of minimizing transformer losses and cost simultaneously, this …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 44–57 Read article
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Change Order Management in Construction Projects: A Review
Abstract: The construction work is a difficult one and is associated with different changes. These changes generally lead to issuance of various orders. Classifying the reason of change order is critical in order to keep away from possible changes in further project. Decisions are taken every day in construction processes based on information available (which is most of the time incomplete), assumptions and the personal knowledge of the construction professionals. Hence, …
Published in Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 41–45 Read article
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Integrating Ayurveda in Infertility Management: A Case Study on Fimbrial Blockage
Abstract: Infertility significantly impacts a woman’s psychological and physical health, as well as that of her family. Fallopian tube blockage is one of the leading causes of female infertility, accounting for a substantial number of cases globally. Conventional medical approaches, including in vitro fertilization (IVF) and surgical procedures, often present barriers due to their high cost, invasive nature, and limited accessibility. Additionally, cultural, financial, and personal considerations can further restrict their …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 12–19 Read article
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An experimental study to assess the efficacy of VAT on knowledge of Breast Cancer and practice of BSE among women in Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh
Abstract: Introduction: Breast cancer is more common in developing and industrialized nations alike, including India. Every year, more than a million cases of breast cancer are diagnosed worldwide. Insufficient awareness on breast cancer has been shown to be a significant contributing cause to the high rates of morbidity and death among women by refraining them from going to screening facilities, participating in BSE, and delaying treatment. Breast Cancers are second most …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 38–42 Read article
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Medical Tourism in India: Analyzing Benefits, Risks, and Regional Trends
Abstract: Background: India’s medical tourism industry has emerged as a global hub, generating approximately US$9 billion annually and attracting over 2 million patients seeking cost-effective, high-quality treatments and wellness therapies. Objective: To evaluate the benefits, risks, and regional disparities in medical tourism experiences among patients and providers across five Indian states. Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted involving 850 international patients and 150 healthcare providers. Quantitative data were gathered through structured …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 12–16 Read article
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Photonic Diagnostics: Harnessing Optical Sensing for Non-Invasive Assessment of Coronary Obstruction
Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality globally, with coronary artery blockages primarily atherosclerosis representing a critical challenge. The gold standard for diagnosing coronary artery disease remains invasive coronary angiography, a procedure that, while precise, carries inherent patient risks, high costs, and logistical burdens. Optical sensors, leveraging the principles of light-tissue interaction, offer real-time, high-resolution insights into vascular health, paving the way for early detection of arterial stenoses …
Published in International Journal of Optical Innovations & Research · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 25–30 Read article
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Uttarabasti in Female Infertility: A Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Outcomes and Safety Profile
Abstract: Background: Uttarabasti (UB) is a specialized Panchakarma procedure involving intrauterine instillation of medicated Sneha, classically indicated in Yonivyapad and Vandhyatwa. It facilitates targeted local drug delivery, bypassing gastrointestinal metabolism and enabling direct therapeutic action at the uterine level. In Ayurvedic understanding, UB achieves Garbhashaya Shuddhi and Apana Vata Anulomana — the two primary pathological corrections considered essential in Vandhyatwa. Infertility affects an estimated 10–15% of couples globally, with a substantial …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Uttarabasti in Female Infertility: A Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Outcomes and Safety Profile
Abstract: Background: Uttarabasti (UB) is a specialized Panchakarma procedure involving intrauterine instillation of medicated Sneha, classically indicated in Yonivyapad and Vandhyatwa. It facilitates targeted local drug delivery, bypassing gastrointestinal metabolism and enabling direct therapeutic action at the uterine level. In Ayurvedic understanding, UB achieves Garbhashaya Shuddhi and Apana Vata Anulomana — the two primary pathological corrections considered essential in Vandhyatwa. Infertility affects an estimated 10–15% of couples globally, with a substantial …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–14 Read article