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346 articles for “Space-time”
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Complex Space-Time and the Structure of Relativistic Quantum Theory
Abstract: Relativistic quantum mechanics was developed to reconcile the principles of quantum mechanics with Einstein’s theory of relativity. Despite its success in describing high-energy particles, the theory continues to face unresolved conceptual and mathematical difficulties, particularly in relation to the nature of time, causality, and relativistic consistency. In recent years, the idea of extending space-time into the complex domain has emerged as a useful and potentially meaningful approach to these problems. …
Published in Recent Trends in Mathematics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 22–27 Read article
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Strange Quark Matter Coupled to String Cloud in Five Dimensional Bianchi Type-III Space Time in General Relativity
Abstract: In this paper the author has studied higher dimensional Bianchi type-III cosmological models with strange quark matter coupled to the string cloud in general relativity. I have also attained different classes of solutions by taking different functional forms of metric potentials. Here I investigated that models are expanding, shearing and non-rotating. Also, some physical and kinematic nature of the model was analyzed. Keywords: Five dimensional Bianchi type-III space time, quark …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 54–61 Read article
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Simulation of Differential Space Time Block Coding
Abstract: AbstractIn such a coherent system, the underlying assumption is that the channel does not change during one frame of data. Thus, it can also be interpreted as the frame length is chosen such that the path gain change during one frame is negligible. This is basically the quasi-static fading assumption that we have used so far. There is a bandwidth penalty due to the number of transmitted pilot symbols. Of …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 19–25 Read article
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The Impending of Our Solar System in the Undulations of the Space–Time Continuum and Uninduced Mass–Energy Imbalance Moieties
Abstract: This paper indemnifies the assumptions of space-time continuum, gravitational waves and theoretical aspects of warping. The submergence of the celestial bodies in the space warps was illustrated. The physical interpretation of the space and the effect of the gravitational waves in the space-time warps was explained in relation to the stars and planets. The undulations of the space as function of time and vice versa was discussed in this paper. …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 42–44 Read article
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A Comprehensive Study of Sensor and Camera Fusion for Real-Time Parking Space Detection
Abstract: Due to the rapid growth in urban vehicle density, there have been major problems in the effective management of parking space, which has caused congestion, more traveling time, wastage of fuel, and environmental pollution. Conventional parking systems are very ineffective, as they are based on manual surveillance and cannot provide drivers with much real-time information. To overcome these challenges, the present paper explores the design, development, and operation of a …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–16 Read article
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Performance Enhancement of Cognitive Radio Spectrum Sharing (CRSS) with MIMO System
Abstract: A key challenge in operating cognitive radios (CRs) in a self-organizing (ad hoc) network is to adaptively and efficiently allocate transmission powers and spectrum among CRs according to the surrounding environment. Cognitive radio networks will provide high bandwidth to mobile users via heterogeneous wireless architectures and dynamic spectrum access techniques. CR networks inflict challenges due to the fluctuating nature of the available spectrum, as well as the diverse QoS requirements …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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On Gravity
Abstract: Gravity was accidentally discovered by Newton after he observed an apple falling from a tree. But what actually is gravity and what part does it play? However, gravity remains much of an enigma. We experience gravity and is affected by it all the time, and yet we do not know what it really is except for interpreting it as a force or field. This paper takes on the challenging task …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 7–14 Read article
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Presence of a Bulk Viscous Universe within f(R, T) Gravity
Abstract: This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of a bulk viscous universe in the context of f(R, T) gravity, where (R) signifies the Ricci scalar and (T) represents the trace of the energy-momentum tensor. The primary objective of our work is to get explicit solutions to the modified field equations by using a power-law scale factor representation. With this method, we have obtained functions of cosmic time and redshift for the …
Published in International Journal of Universe · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 7–15 Read article
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Schrödinger Cat's Experiment's Interpretation and Parallel Universe or Multiple Universes
Abstract: Quantum mechanics provides us most fundamental descriptions of our most early universe, but there is a long-standing debate amongst theoretical physicists about what all these mathematics really mean in real world? The present three-dimensional (3D) universe, we humans experience daily since our birth, is probably just one of an enormous numbers of essentially classical worlds, and all quantum phenomena arise from a universal force of repulsions that prevented many universes …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 35–52 Read article
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Study of Signal Processing Using Applications of Fourier Series
Abstract: This essay discusses the use of the Fourier series in the field of signal processing. It will include the results of various tests performed on the variable and the results it produces in the form of graphical diagrams. In order to acquire the right information exchange, we have observed a variety of distinct frequency pattern graphs. Also, the stated graph of filtered signal provides unique pattern that may find application …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 35–43 Read article
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What Every Person Must Know About the Preliminary of String Theories to Evolve All Super Clusters, Galaxies, Stars, Planets, Planetesimals in the Universe
Abstract: The basic things of string theory say that we live in an accelerating and ever expanding universe today. String theory also supports the inflation theory of the Big Bang, where a period of rapid expansion happened in the history of the early Universe. Most of the theories in string theory are focused on understanding a theory of broken Supersymmetry. Only after following conditions are met is destroyed would De-Sitter space …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 7–21 Read article
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Review on the Inventions in Third Quantisation with the Possibility of Time-Machine to be implemented in the Indian-Space-Programmes under the Department of Space (Government of India)
Abstract: AbstractQuantum theory is the first quantisation, and quantum field theory is the second quantisation. Mukhopadhyay’s concept theory is the third quantisation in theoretical physics. Recently, few discoveries in third quantisation are performed and reported by Mukhopadhyay as author. In this review work, the inventions in third quantisation are summarised and briefly mentioned by Mukhopadhyay. Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) under the Department of Space (Government of India) has highly smart …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 26–31 Read article
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Algebraic Foundations of Generalized Signal Processing: A Unified Approach Across Domains
Abstract: Using the techniques of algebra, notably polynomial algebras and modules, algebraic signal processing (ASP) is a contemporary, abstract framework that generalizes conventional signal processing— including Fourier analysis, filtering, and convolution. The notion is to use algebraic structures to explain signals, systems, and transformations such that ideas may be understood and generalized across many domains, including time, space, graph, or group. A unifying theoretical framework called ASP generalizes classical signal processing …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 33–44 Read article
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Optimization of Process Parameters for Isopropylation of Toluene over Modified Zeolite using Response Surface Methodology
Abstract: Vapor-phase isopropylation of toluene with isopropanol has been investigated in a fixed-bed flow reactor under atmospheric pressure using N2 carrier gas over Cerium modified 13X zeolite catalyst. The main product of this alkylation reaction was p-cymene followed by meta-isomer, while ortho-cymene was negligibly formed. Response surface methodology was used to study the combined effects of temperature, reactant molar ratio and space time on the conversion of toluene and selectivity of …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 22–30 Read article
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Data Recovery Using Brute Force Algorithm: A Review
Abstract: This article delves into the intriguing field of data recovery, with a particular emphasis on the brute force approach, a powerful yet frequently underappreciated method. We begin by exploring the evolution of data recovery techniques since the 1970s and 1980s, examining traditional methods used to retrieve lost or corrupted data. Following this historical perspective, the article provides a brief overview of various methodologies employed in data recovery, including techniques that …
Published in Journal of Computer Technology & Applications · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 10–16 Read article
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Design of a Process Plant for Dimethyl Ether Synthesis from Syngas Using Direct Method
Abstract: The search for alternative renewable and less polluting energy sources has gained prominence thus, there is an increasing interest in the use of Dimethyl Ether (DME) as a clean alternative fuel and raw material in the chemical industry. The simulation of a plant for the production of Dimethyl Ether from Syngas using direct synthesis method has been carried out in this work. The simulation was done using ASPEN HYSYS software. …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 44–59 Read article
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PLC Based Smart Car Parking Barrier System
Abstract: This research paper presents an innovation of PLC-based smart car parking barrier system that is intended to improve parking management and security in urban areas. To effectively control the space efficiently & enhance the reliability of the parking system. PLCs (programmable logic controllers) are the foundation of the system, and sensors are connected to enable automated vehicle entry and exit. In this case, the up and down mechanism of barriers …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 34–38 Read article
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Study of MIMO-OFDM System for Time/Frequency Selective Fading Channel
Abstract: Future-generation wireless communication system requires higher performance system in terms of high data rate with better link reliability in hostile fading environment. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems are a popular technique for transmission of signals over wireless channels. They individually assist multipath fading environment and improve link reliability without sacrificing much bandwidth and also provide high data rate. The combination of OFDM and MIMO …
Published in Recent Trends in Sensor Research & Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 31–37 Read article
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Signal Identification of Differential STBC-OFDM System
Abstract: AbstractBlind recognition of communication parameters is a research topic of high importance for both military and civilian communication systems. Signal identification has emerged as an enabling technology for intelligent wireless communication systems with applications in military and commercial fields. Several identification algorithms are proposed for multiple antenna (MA) systems with multicarrier (MC) transmissions. The previously investigations are mostly limited to space-time block code (STBC) systems and space frequency block coding …
Published in Recent Trends in Electronics Communication Systems · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 21–27 Read article
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Nature of Absolute Infinity, Spatial Limit of Our Universe, and Principle of Future Space Vehicle by Third Quantisation in Theoretical Physics
Abstract: Quantum theory is the first quantisation, and quantum field theory is the second quantisation. Mukhopadhyay’s concept theory is the third quantisation after the quantum theory and quantum field theory. Already, Mukhopadhyay’s concept theory has been able to solve few unsolved extreme problems in Physics like invention of the quantum of time and the establishment of Newton’s third law of motion in space-time. In future, Mukhopadhyay’s concept theory may be considered …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 23–30 Read article