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198 articles for “Operation Concepts”
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Overview of Innovative Battery Management System
Abstract: In battery-powered technologies, also including (hybrid) electric vehicles and portable electronics, the battery management system (BMS) arises as a crucial network element. Many battery-operated industrial and commercial equipment use battery management systems (BMSs) to increase battery efficiency and enable non-destructive estimate of battery state. However, present BMSs are unable to control batteries adequately, which has an impact on the usability of products, due to the inaccurate parameter assessment of old …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 12–19 Read article
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Hybrid Electric Vehicle: An Overview of Technology
Abstract: This article examines and explains the many HEV architectures and operating concepts, including as series hybrids, parallel hybrids, and series-parallel hybrids. The function of regenerative braking in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) is also covered; it allows energy to be recovered during braking and deceleration, improving total energy efficiency. The article also looks at key issues including battery technology, energy management plans, and powertrain integration that need to be considered while …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power and Machine Systems · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 8–15 Read article
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Exploring the Versatility of Fabry-Pérot Interferometers: From Spectroscopy to Sensing
Abstract: The fundamental concept of operation for the Fabry-Perot interferometer is interference. Coherent light bounces back and forth between two extremely reflecting mirrors as it travels through the interferometer. The device operates on a pattern of constructive and destructive interference that is produced by this. By carefully regulating the space between the mirrors, a resonant optical cavity is created. The Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) is one of the most important and versatile …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 Read article
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Database Security and Integrity: Ensuring Reliable and Secure Data Management
Abstract: This paper explores the critical aspects of database security and integrity, addressing major threats and presenting strategies to mitigate these risks. Emphasizing the importance of secure and reliable data management, the paper reviews historical perspectives, current trends, key challenges, and future directions in the field. The research underscores the necessity of robust security measures and integrity controls to maintain the trustworthiness and reliability of databases, which are pivotal in supporting …
Published in Journal of Advanced Database Management & Systems · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 9–19 Read article
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Comparative Study of (Operational Transconductance Amplifier) OTA to Design Low Pass Filter
Abstract: Basic building block to design an analog circuit is amplifier and it is used for such applications like analog to digital and digital to analog converter, sensor network and many more. Amplifier with lofty gain and high bandwidth will increase the efficiency of design. Present time is talking about development of VLSI technology and everything is related to size of transistor and decreasing power supply in a circuit. Operational transconductance …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 11–15 Read article
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Optimal Time-Shift of Renewable Energy Storage Systems in Smart Grid Environment
Abstract: Global energy demand growth is the major cause for increased greenhouse gas emission significantly. It is essential to meet increased demand with alternative renewable sources like solar PV systems and wind etc. towards sustainability. Other alternative is like reduction in consumption. By the integration of these two concepts with two-way communication between utility and consumer becomes one of the causes of successful, secured and reliable operation and the concept is …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 35–45 Read article
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DRIVER ANTI-SLEEP ALARMING AND PROTECTION
Abstract: Road accidents due to driver drowsiness is one of the biggest problems worldwide, which kills thousands of people every year. Fatigue slows the reaction time, reduces the concentration, and, most importantly, impairs the judgment, thus making drowsy driving as dangerous as drunk driving. To reduce such accidents, various technologies have been employed to develop driver anti-sleep devices. These include sensor-based detection, camera-based eye monitoring, EEG analysis, and real-time alert systems. …
Published in International Journal of Electronics Automation · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Smart Fast Charging System with Active Cell Balancing for 4S1P Battery Packs and Smart Charger for EVs
Abstract: In the realm of electric vehicles (EVs), efficient charging solutions play a pivotal role in enhancing user experience and advancing sustainability. This project introduces three innovative concepts aimed at revolutionizing EV charging infrastructure: Parallel Charging, Smart Charger, and Active Cell Balancing. Parallel Charging introduces a groundbreaking approach to charging by efficiently delivering power to multiple batteries simultaneously. By doing so, it significantly reduces overall charging time, thereby enhancing convenience for …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 Read article
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Zero Trust Security Governance by Utilizing Identity and Access Management
Abstract: The Zero Trust Paradigm, a more stringent approach to network security, operates on the fundamental concept of “Never Assume, Always Authenticate.” It is currently being implemented in different countries to align with their national cybersecurity and access management governance policies. The differentiation of these Zero Trust systems is contingent upon factors such as awareness, infrastructure, expenses, and security demand. Additionally, the identity-based access management models within the Zero Trust system …
Published in International Journal of Mobile Computing Technology · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 6–17 Read article
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Optimizing Smart Grids and Microgrids
Abstract: The widespread deployment of distributed energy resources, the integration of renewable energy sources, and the digitalization of the energy sector have, in a very short time, radically changed old power systems to more intelligent and resilient networks. The change is mainly about smart grids and microgrids that enable real-time monitoring, decentralized control, and improved power quality. The employment of smart meters, advanced communication platforms, and distributed generation elevates the operational …
Published in International Journal of Advanced Control and System Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 44–49 Read article
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Conceptual Framework and Hypothesis Development for Green Supply Chain Practices
Abstract: In recent decades, sustainability has gained significant attention. Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) ensures that corporate and governmental initiatives effectively make operations more environmentally friendly, increase market share, enhance brand recognition, and boost profitability. Sustainable or "green" supply chain management integrates both financial and environmental objectives into the strategy for managing supply chain operations. This integration helps reduce carbon footprints while improving profitability and financial returns. GSCM encompasses various aspects, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 5, 2025 · pp. 64–78 Read article
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Streamlining Hostel Management: An Innovative Online System for Efficient Administration
Abstract: This article presents a hostel administration system built with XAMPP, which integrates Apache, MySQL, PHP, and Perl into a user-friendly package, in response to the tourism industry's increasing demand for improved management. The system is made to make handling check-ins and check-outs, billing, and room assignment easier, among other hostel management duties. The Hostel Management Framework is an online program designed to oversee various operations in a hostel. This concept …
Published in International Journal of Electronics Automation · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 26–33 Read article
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Metro Systems' Role in Reducing CO2 Emissions in Urban Transport
Abstract: To better understand the impact of metro systems on reducing CO2 emissions in urban transport, a detailed analysis is required. This analysis should evaluate both the direct and broader effects of metro networks on the overall urban transportation system. It is crucial to quantify the actual contribution of metro systems in cutting CO2 emissions by considering the entire transport network. The evaluation should include not only the emissions generated by …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 19–22 Read article
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A Review on Two-Wheeled Self-Balancing Robot Using Spartan-3E FPGA for Sensor Fusion and Real-Time Motor Control
Abstract: Two-wheeled self-balancing robots (TWSBR) are a popular application of embedded control and robotics because they operate on the inverted pendulum concept, which is naturally unstable. The main objective of such robots is to continuously maintain balance by estimating the tilt angle and applying corrective motor action in real time. In most practical systems, low-cost inertial sensors such as accelerometers and gyroscopes are used for tilt measurement. However, accelerometer readings are …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 17–27 Read article
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Design and Development of Experimental Test Rig for Fatigue Life Estimation of Freewheel One-Way Clutch Used in Switchgear Applications at High Overrunning Speeds
Abstract: Freewheel one-way clutch (OWC) is a critical component used in industrial circuit breakers/switchgear to facilitate quick disengagement of the drive when an electrical circuit trips under overcurrent. The clutch acts as a safety device to endure high overrunning speeds and allows the drive shaft to rotate at normal operating speeds during each tripping cycle. The trip mechanism utilizes the stored potential energy of the helical compression spring, which is the …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 289–299 Read article
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Fuzzy Based Power Flow Control in Grid Connected Hybrid PV-PEMFC Microgrid System
Abstract: This paper evaluates the performance of a fuzzy based power flow control of grid connected hybrid system. The hybrid system composed of a Photovoltaic (PV) array and a Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is considered. The photovoltaic (PV) array normally uses a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique to continuously deliver the highest power to the load when there are variations in irradiation and temperature occur, which make it …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 20–29 Read article
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Restructuring of Sanitation Structures: Reviewing Technological Changes
Abstract: This paper comprehensively reviews the latest technological advancements in rural sanitation systems, focusing on developing urinals and toilets. In many rural areas, improper toilet waste disposal directly into water bodies has led to environmental contamination. In addressing this issue, biological processes are used to degrade fecal matter. However, contemporary challenges include bacterial infections from unhygienic toilets, persistent foul odors, and poorly designed toilet pans. Additionally, more community engagement is needed …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 11, Issue 12, 2023 · pp. 67–80 Read article
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Infinite Possibilities Unlocking the Future and Scope of Startup Communities
Abstract: The country is an international leader in development. India is implementing a significant change into measures that support new businesses with an atmosphere that encourages business in the current generation.A newly formed company is a fledgling business founded by a few businessmen to produce distinctive unique one-of-a-kind items or offerings. It seeks to promote originality and hasten the development of innovations."A upstart is an inadequate, fast-growing, adaptable, and vulnerable commercial …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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A Brief Overview of the Trends in Deployment of Nuclear Cogeneration Projects Round the World
Abstract: Nuclear cogeneration projects have the potential to provide long-term clean and sustainableelectricity, and a host of associated benefits such as clean water, useful radioisotopes, cleanfuels and heat to mankind. Several such projects have been in operation and many more arecoming up in a number of countries as this concept gains increasing importance in a worldwhich is looking to obtain sustainable and clean energy sources and associated services forall. This work …
Published in Journal of Nuclear Engineering & Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Microvita: A New Hybrid Particle Bridging the Fermionic and Bosonic Domains in Particle Physics
Abstract: In particle physics, the established classification of particles into fermions and bosons—obeying Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein statistics, respectively—has shaped theoretical and experimental frameworks for nearly a century. This study introduces 'Microvita', a novel theoretical particle that exhibits hybrid characteristics modulated by a continuous parameter α ∈ [0,1]. Through this parameter, Microvita interpolates between bosonic and fermionic behavior in terms of spin, statistical distributions, and operator algebra. We explore the foundational algebra …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 14–27 Read article