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236 articles for “Exposure”
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Health Hazards of Nanoparticles and Environmental Pollutants
Abstract: The exponential growth in the use of nanoparticles and the prevalence of environmental pollutants have raised significant concerns regarding their health hazards. Nanoparticles, owing to their unique physicochemical properties—such as small size, high surface areatovolume ratio, and chemical reactivity—can penetrate biological barriers, including the bloodbrain barrier, and interact at the cellular and molecular levels. This can lead to oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular dysfunction, ultimately resulting in potential toxicity. Similarly, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Risk Factors Associated with Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows: Implications for Microbial Dynamics, Environmental Influences, and Management Factors
Abstract: Subclinical mastitis is a prevalent yet often overlooked condition in dairy cows, leading to reduced milk yield and quality. This study examines the microbial dynamics, environmental influences, and management factors contributing to subclinical mastitis in dairy herds. Microbial agents, including bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus uberis, are key contributors, with their ability to persist and form biofilms complicating detection and treatment. Environmental factors, including bedding quality, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 45–61 Read article
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The Effect of Vitamin A Dose For Different Periods On The Spleen of White Rats: A Histological Study
Abstract: There are many detrimental effects of hypervitaminosis (A) on immune system function, growth, and reproduction. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the histological changes in the spleen of white rats given an excessive amount of vitamin A. The study was conducted from October 21, 2022, to December 12, 2022, at the College of Education's Animal House. (40) adult male albino rats, weighting between 200 and 220 grams …
Published in OmniScience: A Multi-disciplinary Journal · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Colostrum-Driven Epigenetic Programming in Dairy Cows: A Pathway to Optimal Reproductive Health
Abstract: Colostrum is a vital nutritional source for neonatal calves, providing immune support and essential growth factors. Recent research suggests that colostrum’s impact extends beyond immediate immunological protection, influencing long-term reproductive health through epigenetic modifications. In dairy heifers, early-life exposure to high-quality colostrum may program the developing reproductive system, affecting ovarian function, uterine health, and overall fertility. The components of colostrum, including hormones, growth factors, and bioactive peptides, can induce epigenetic …
Published in Emerging Trends in Metabolites · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 35–51 Read article
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The Factors that Cause Water Pollution: Issues and Remedies
Abstract: Water, a vital and indispensable natural resource, plays a fundamental role in sustaining life on Earth. Known as a universal solvent, it supports a wide range of essential life processes. Its uses span various sectors, including drinking, household needs, industrial production, power generation, and agricultural irrigation. The significance of maintaining clean and safe water supplies cannot be overstated, as it directly influences human health, environmental stability, and socioeconomic development. This …
Published in Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–16 Read article
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An Insightful Study on SMEDDS Challenges and Potential Strategies
Abstract: Self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) have gained attention as an effective approach to enhance the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. They are innovative lipid-based formulations designed to enhance the solubility, bioavailability, and therapeutic efficacy of poorly water-soluble drugs. The development of SMEDDS involves systematic selection of components based on solubility and emulsification efficiency, followed by optimization of ratios using pseudo-ternary phase diagrams. The resulting formulations are evaluated for droplet size, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 311–334 Read article
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Enhancing Puberty in Dairy Heifers: Targeted Management Practices For Sustainable Development.
Abstract: Early attainment of puberty in dairy heifers is critical for improving reproductive efficiency and ensuring sustainable dairy production systems. This study explores targeted management practices that can accelerate puberty onset, contributing to enhanced productivity and economic viability in dairy farming. Key factors influencing puberty in heifers include nutritional management, genetic potential, health care, environmental factors, and behavioral interventions. Adequate nutrient supply, especially energy and protein, along with balanced mineral and …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Ecology · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 28–35 Read article
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Advancements in Photocatalysis: Applications in Environmental Remediation
Abstract: The study of radioluminescence, a phenomenon where materials emit light upon exposure to ionizing radiation, has expanded significantly in recent years, finding applications in various fields, including environmental remediation, radiation detection, and dosimetry. This paper reviews recent advancements in radioluminescent technologies, particularly focusing on Radioluminescent Isotope Cells (RLICs) and semiconductor colloidal quantum dots (cQDs). The use of RLICs, particularly those based on 63Ni, demonstrates enhanced energy conversion efficiency through optimized …
Published in International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 39–44 Read article
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The concept of Sū’-i-mizāj Nukhā and A‘ṣāb
Abstract: The Unani system of medicine provides a holistic understanding of neurological disorders, emphasizing the role of Su’-i-Mizaj (dystemperament) in the spinal cord (Nukhā) and nerves (A‘ṣāb). According to Unani scholars like Ali Ibn Abbas Majusi, disturbances in the mizaj-e-tabai (natural temperament) of Nukhā lead to various neurological conditions, categorized into Istirkhā’ (Flaccidity), Abar Bilqisiya (Bell’s Palsy), Khaddar (Numbness), Tashannuj (Convulsions), and Ra‘sha (Tremors).The most common dystemperament in Nukhā and A‘ṣāb …
Published in Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 53–57 Read article
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Optimizing Silage Quality: Best Practices for Maximum Nutrient Retention and Sustainable Dairy Development
Abstract: Silage is a critical component in dairy production systems, offering a consistent and high-quality feed source throughout the year. Optimizing silage quality begins in the field, requiring strategic practices to maximize nutrient retention and support sustainable dairy development. This study reviews best practices across silage production stages, including crop selection, timely harvesting, precise chopping, controlled fermentation, and efficient storage techniques. Emphasis is placed on achieving the ideal moisture content, reducing …
Published in International Journal of Nutritions · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Nurse’s Responsibility and Liability in Chemotherapy Formulation: Legal and Ethical Considerations
Abstract: Each year, over 16 million new cancer cases are diagnosed globally. Cancer causes cells to grow uncontrollably, potentially leading to the formation of tumors, immune system damage, and other debilitating effects that can be fatal. Common cancer treatments include surgery to remove tumors, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, and immunotherapy. Among these, chemotherapy plays a significant role, accounting for nearly half of the overall treatment approach. Chemotherapy drugs can be …
Published in International Journal of Oncological Nursing and Practices · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 15–20 Read article
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Anaphylaxis: Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, and Clinical Management
Abstract: Anaphylaxis is a syndrome characterized by broncho-constriction, vasodilatation, and hypovolemia, potentially fatal exposure to known or unknown antigens. It can be an immune-mediated (IgE & non-IgE) disease. Immunoglobulin G (IgG), complement related (C3a/C5a), bradykinin, leukotrienes, prostaglandin E2, and ligands of certain G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) can directly activate mast cells, basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, endothelial cells and smooth muscles. Serum tryptase level during episodes of anaphylaxis, skin test, and basophil activation …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Synthesis of Thermal Resistant and Transparent Al2O3 Reinforced Epoxy-Based Composite Coatings
Abstract: This study explores the influence of thermal treatment on the structural, optical, and surface wettability characteristics of epoxy-based composite coatings reinforced with 3 wt.% aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) nanoparticles. The coatings were synthesized via a dip-coating method on carbon fiber substrates and subjected to controlled thermal treatments at 300 °C, 400 °C, and 500 °C to assess their thermal resilience. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the structural integrity of the composite …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 178–183 Read article
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Preparation of Transparent and Thermal Resistant Zirconia Reinforced Epoxy Based Polymer Matrix Composite Coatings
Abstract: This study investigates the thermal stability, structural characteristics, optical transparency, and surface wettability of epoxy-based composite coatings reinforced with 2 wt.% zirconia (ZrO₂) nanoparticles. The composite coatings were synthesized using a dip-coating technique on carbon fiber substrates and subsequently subjected to thermal treatments at 300 °C, 400 °C, and 500 °C. Structural analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the amorphous nature of the epoxy matrix with no significant crystallization or …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 171–177 Read article
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The Role of Digital Detox in Improving Mental Health
Abstract: This study examines digital detox—the deliberate limitation of screen exposure—and its influence on mental health. A survey of 30 participants indicated that reducing screen time by at least two hours daily resulted in a 30% improvement in sleep quality, a 25% decrease in stress levels, and a 20% enhancement in overall mood stability. Statistical analysis (p < 0.05) confirmed these results. Additionally, participants following a structured digital detox plan reported …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Air Pollution and Immune Disorders in Women from Urban Punjab: A Clinical and Epidemiological Study
Abstract: Background: Urban Punjab, particularly cities like Ludhiana, Amritsar, and Jalandhar, experiences some of the highest air pollution levels in India due to industrial activity, vehicular emissions, and agricultural practices. Despite this, gender-specific health impacts—especially related to immune function—remain inadequately studied. Objective of the study is to investigate the relationship between air pollution exposure and immune-related disorders in women residing in urban Punjab. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2022 to …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Noise and Pollution Control · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 36–40 Read article
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Impact of Environmental Degradation on Steel City of Odisha: A Geospatial Approach
Abstract: Earth has always had an abundance of natural resources, but as the number of people on the planet grew, so did their needs, and they were taken from the environment at an ever-increasing rate. Depending on the kind of pollutant, the duration and intensity of exposure, as well as other elements like an individual's health risks and the combined effects of several pollutants or stressors, the effects of air pollution …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 28–40 Read article
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IoT Based Air and Sound Pollution Monitoring System
Abstract: One of the most important and significant elements influencing human lives and health, as well as the health of living things and the natural or constructed environment, is environmental pollution. The low- cost environmental pollution monitoring system described in this study will be used to measure temperature, dust, sound pollution, and highly toxic gases such as CO2, CO, and CH4. It was created based on user needs to identify and …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 6–12 Read article
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Polymer-Integrated Smart Biomedical Waste Management System Using AI and Sensor-Based Segregation
Abstract: Biomedical waste, which comes from healthcare facilities like hospitals, clinics, and labs, includes both infectious and non-infectious materials. This can range from sharps and pathological waste to pharmaceutical leftovers and general medical trash. If this waste isn't handled, sorted, and disposed of properly, it can pose serious contamination risks, leading to infections, workplace hazards, environmental damage, and public health emergencies. Traditional biomedical waste management often relies on manual sorting, which …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 4, 2025 · pp. 172–184 Read article
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Polymer-Based Film Coatings for Enhancing Drug Stability and Shelf-Life
Abstract: Pharmaceutical stability is a crucial factor in ensuring drug efficacy and safety throughout its shelf-life. Polymer-based film coatings have emerged as an effective strategy to enhance drug stability by protecting active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) from environmental stressors such as moisture, oxygen, temperature fluctuations, and light exposure. These coatings act as physical barriers that prevent degradation, improve mechanical integrity, and enable controlled drug release. Various types of polymers are employed for …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 4, 2025 · pp. 558–570 Read article