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1260 articles for “CTLA-4”
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Improvement of Geometric Tolerances and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites
Abstract: In the field of metal matrix composite materials, there has been a generous thrust towards the development of electrical discharge machining (EDM). In this study, stir casted aluminum hybrid metal matrix composites were successfully machined using EDM by analyzing the input process parameters namely, pulse-on time, peak current, and gap voltage using L27 orthogonal array. The ideal conditions for various output responses such as material removal rate, circularity, and radial …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1583–1592 Read article
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Development and Evaluation of Hybrid Natural Fiber Composites
Abstract: Natural fiber based polymer composites are becoming more common because they are cheap, sustainable, and operate effectively across mechanical and environmental settings. Natural fibers (NFs) like bamboo and roselle are being used to strengthen polymer composites. They are being used in textiles, medical equipment construction, and car making. People are becoming more interested in these fibers because of the unique properties. Bamboo fiber is an effective option for reinforcement in …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 908–915 Read article
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Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Zn-Fap Composites
Abstract: The aerospace and automotive industries have experienced a substantial surge in interest in innovative composite systems driven by the ongoing demand for lightweight, high-performance materials. In this study, the mechanical properties of zinc (Zn) matrix composites reinforced with fluorapatite particles (Fap) are examined as a function of thermal treatment. Within the context of this investigation, we endeavoured to create composite materials containing Zinc-Fluorapatite powder. Stir casting was used to produce …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1101–1110 Read article
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Deep Learning for Real-Time Monitoring and Defect Detection in Additive Manufactured Polymer Composites
Abstract: Additives Fiber-reinforced polymer composite ADDs have high utility in making lightweight structural components, but due to process-related defects (interlayer delamination and reinforcement stacking) the integrity of consolidation during extrusion-based deposition is frequently compromised. This paper has presented a physics-informed deep learning framework that is applicable to real-time measurements of reinforced thermoplastic composite fabrication. Multimodal sensing was provided with thermal gradient, optical morphology, and acoustics emission signals being used to assess …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 974–999 Read article
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Synergistic Effect of Green Nanofillers on Basalt–Kenaf Reinforced Sustainable Polymer Composites
Abstract: This study examines the synergistic impact of green nanofillers on the mechanical and structural properties of basalt–kenaf fiber reinforced polyester composites, with the objective of developing sustainable, high-performance polymer materials. The composites were produced with different fiber ratios: B1 (70% basalt, 30% kenaf), B2 (60% basalt, 40% kenaf), and B3 (50% basalt, 50% kenaf), and were reinforced with 1 wt.% green-synthesized nano-TiO2, obtained using an eco-friendly sol–gel technique with plant …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1248–1262 Read article
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Sustainable Development of Carbon–Sisal Reinforced Polyester Composites through Green Nanotechnology
Abstract: This study presents the sustainable development of carbon–sisal fiber reinforced polyester composites enhanced through green nanotechnology for improved mechanical performance and environmental compatibility. The hybrid composites were fabricated using varying fiber ratios - C1 (70% carbon, 30% sisal), C2 (60% carbon, 40% sisal), and C3 (50% carbon, 50% sisal) - with an optimized addition of 1 wt.% nano-silica (SiO2) synthesized via a green sol–gel route. The tensile, flexural, and impact …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1179–1194 Read article
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Enhancement of Mechanical Properties in Eutectic Al-Si Alloy Matrix Composites Reinforced with Kyanite and Graphite via Stir Casting
Abstract: The purpose of this work is to enhance the mechanical performance of a eutectic Al–Si alloy by incorporating hard ceramic (kyanite) and soft solid lubricant (graphite) reinforcements using a liquid-state stir casting route. Metal matrix composites were fabricated with kyanite contents of 2, 4, and 6 wt.% and a constant 2.5 wt.% graphite. Their microstructures and mechanical properties were systematically evaluated. The microstructure was examined using optical microscopy and energy …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 90–100 Read article
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Scientometric Insights and Meta-Analysis of Japanese Encephalitis Research in India
Abstract: Japanese Encephalitis (JE) represents India’s critical public health issue, contributing significantly to regional morbidity and mortality. This study details the findings from a scientometric analysis of JE research conducted in India. Our study analyzed scientific publications to uncover trends, key contributors, gaps, and the thematic evolution within JE research, providing insights critical for shaping future research and policy directions. A comprehensive scientometric analysis of research on JE published in India …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 43–53 Read article
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A Systematic Review on Factors Contributing to Infertility
Abstract: Infertility is a multifactorial reproductive health condition affecting approximately 10–15% of couples worldwide and continues to represent a major clinical and social challenge. Despite substantial advances in assisted reproductive technologies, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic interventions, many couples still face difficulties in achieving pregnancy. The impact of infertility extends beyond physical health, often leading to emotional distress, social pressure, and financial burdens, especially in societies where parenthood is highly valued. Consequently, …
Published in International Journal of Tropical Medicines · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 31–35 Read article
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Experimental Investigation into Surface Roughness of Polished Zinc Plate with Ultrasonic Vibration Using Single Pole Magnetic Abrasive Finishing
Abstract: This research investigates how applying ultrasonic vibrations influences the surface finish quality of zinc plates when using the Single Pole Magnetic Abrasive Finishing (SP-MAF) method. In SP-MAF, magnetic abrasive particles (MAPs)—amalgamation of ferromagnetic and abrasive materials—are guided by a magnetic field to achieve precise surface finishing. Introducing ultrasonic vibration improves the effectiveness of the flexible magnetic abrasive brush (FMAB), which forms as the MAPs align along the magnetic field lines. …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1166–1178 Read article
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Study of Contact Temperature During Polishing of Zinc Plate with Ultrasonic Vibration Using Single Pole Magnetic Abrasive Finishing
Abstract: The present work scrutinizes the impact of ultrasonic vibration on the contact temperature during polishing zinc plates with Single Pole Magnetic Abrasive Finishing (SPMAF). The efficacy and eminence of FMAB finishing are pointedly influenced by heat generation at the interaction point, as raised up temperatures can lead to the deprivation of abrasive elements or the bonding material inside the brush, which leads to the fading its overall effectiveness. The magnetic …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1239–1247 Read article
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Characterization and Performance of a Multiphase Lignocellulosic-Polymeric Composite Growth Media in an IoT-Automated NFT Hydroponic System
Abstract: Hydroponics utilizing the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) entails a type of soilless agriculture involving the delivery of a continuously flowing and thin film of nutrient-filled solution onto the roots of plants. With the move toward sustainable and efficient urban agriculture in the contemporary world and need to produce more effective and resource-efficient solutions, there have been significant efforts aimed at improving these techniques through advanced materials and automation. A consistent …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 542–555 Read article
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Arthashastra as a Pedagogical Resource: Cultivating Peace Values through Ancient Statecraft
Abstract: One of the earliest Indian texts on statecraft, including the governance of a state, its economics, diplomacy, military strategy and ethics, is the Arthashastra attributed to Kautilya (Chanakaya), which was written around the 4th century BCE. Although commonly viewed through the prism of realism and the power and pragmatism, peace (shanti) is a strategic and ethical value of the text that ensures stability, prosperity (artha) and welfare (yogakshema) to the …
Published in Recent Trends in Social Studies · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 32–43 Read article
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Comparative Study of Structural and Optical Properties of Bismuth Ferrite Nanoparticles for Photovoltaic Applications Synthesized via Different Sol-Gel Methods
Abstract: Pure multiferroic bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using an energy-efficient, low-temperature sol-gel method, comparing two distinct approaches: auto-combustion and non-auto-combustion. To ensure phase stability, the precursor solution's pH was strictly maintained between 1 and 2 using ammonia solution (NH4OH), while ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) was employed as a chelating agent for the Fe3+ and Bi3+ cations. All samples underwent a final annealing process at 500 °C to promote crystallization. …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 83–94 Read article
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Formulation and Evaluation of a Natural Excipients-Based Diclofenac Sodium Topical Ointment
Abstract: The present study reports the formulation and evaluation of a diclofenac sodium topical ointment incorporating natural excipients to improve skin compatibility and formulation sustainability. Conventional topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) formulations frequently rely on synthetic excipients that may cause dermal irritation and pose environmental concerns. To address these limitations, a 1% w/w diclofenac sodium ointment was developed using aloe vera gel, glycerin, xanthan gum, peppermint oil, vitamin E, and isopropyl …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Thermal Dissipation Performance of Metal–Polymer Composite Heat Exchanger for Enhanced Thermal Management in Compact Electric Geysers
Abstract: Most electric geysers these days are made from all-metal stuff, like stainless steel tanks and copper coils for heating, plus mild steel on the outside. Standby heat losses can be 20 to 40 watts, and a 15-litre unit weighs around 6 to 8 kilograms. Manufacturing costs are higher, too. Hard water makes it worse, with limescale building up on the heating elements and cutting thermal conductivity by 10 to 30 …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 618–651 Read article
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A Technical Blueprint for AI-Driven Localization in 6G Mobile Networks
Abstract: The advent of sixth-generation (6G) wireless systems promises unprecedented spatial resolution, ultra-low-latency, and pervasive connectivity, turning mobile localization from a peripheral service into a core enabler of immersive extended reality (XR), autonomous logistics, and digital twins. Yet, the sheer scale of dense terahertz (THz) deployments, the stochastic nature of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS), and the dynamic interference landscape render traditional model-based positioning techniques inadequate. This work investigates how artificial intelligence …
Published in Journal of Mobile Computing, Communications & Mobile Networks · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 26–34 Read article
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Pharmacoepigenomics of Replication Timing: How Anti- Cancer Drugs Reshape Chromatin Domains and Mutational Landscapes.
Abstract: DNA replication timing serves as a fundamental epigenetic feature that organizes genome function during the cell cycle (3), while anti-cancer drugs profoundly alter this process to disrupt tumor growth(4). These agents target chromatin architecture, shifting replication domains and reshaping mutational patterns critical for cancer evolution (1,5). DNA replication timing (RT) domains serve as dynamic epigenetic organizers, partitioning the genome into early- and late-replicating regions that correlate with chromatin states, gene …
Published in International Journal of Molecular Biotechnological Research · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Integrative Structural-Functional Genomics of Fc and Fab: Precision Models for Monoclonal Antibody Stability and Anti-Aggregation Engineering
Abstract: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) represent the cornerstone of biotherapeutics, yet aggregation propensity compromises up to 50% of candidates during development, driven by Fab hypervariability and Fc vulnerabilities.(1,2) This review integrates functional genomics from OAS (4B+ sequences)(5) and structural databases (SAbDab: 10K+ structures)(6) with machine learning models achieving R=0.97 for SAP prediction.(11) We dissect biophysical mechanisms, benchmark predictive tools (DeepSP, ESM2), and engineering strategies (YTE, FW mutations) that enhance Tm by 5-10°C …
Published in International Journal of Molecular Biotechnological Research · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Water Chestnut Stem-Derived Biochar Supported AgNPs/AC-CTS-PVA Composite Gel for Wastewater Treatment and Potent Antibacterial Performance
Abstract: In the present study, green and efficient Ag-NPs functionalized activated carbon/chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol (AgNPs/AC-CTS-PVA) composite gel was successfully synthesized using water chestnut stem-derived biochar for wastewater treatment and antibacterial applications. The composite was characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, and TGA analyses, confirming the successful incorporation of crystalline Ag nanoparticles within the polymeric matrix and improved thermal stability. The material was tested regarding the removal of the dye of methylene blue (MB) …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1129–1144 Read article