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1510 articles for “surface”
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Methods for Asphalt Polymer Pavement Surface Monitoring: A Review
Abstract: Bitumen, also known as solid asphalt, is an intricate blend of organic molecules obtained during the distillation of crude oil. The chemical composition of it varies based on its origin, processing techniques, and intended use. Development in transportation sector led to increase the traffic volume in past year. Increase in the number of vehicles have tendency to deteriorate the pavement [paved or unpaved] surface due to heavy load and their …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 109–113 Read article
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Mechanisms of Crystal Growth: From Spiral Steps to Surface Adhesion
Abstract: Crystal growth is a complex interplay between thermodynamic stability and kinetic processes, influenced heavily by the conditions under which crystallization occurs—particularly the degree of supersaturation. This abstract outline three principal regimes of solution-grown crystal growth: defect-driven, two-dimensional, and adhesive growth. At low supersaturation, growth is facilitated at surface defects, such as screw dislocations, where energy barriers to attachment are minimized. This results in the formation of spiraling steps that propagate …
Published in International Journal of Crystalline Materials · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 46–31 Read article
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Enhancing Surface Roughness of Polylactic Acid (PLA) 3D-Printed Parts Using CO₂ Laser Scanning: An Experimental Study on Parameter Optimization
Abstract: Fused deposition modeling (FDM) of polylactic acid (PLA) often suffers from poor surface finish due to the inherent layer-by-layer deposition process, limiting its use in high-precision applications. This study investigates CO₂ laser scanning as an efficient post-processing technique to reduce the surface roughness (Ra) of PLA parts while maintaining structural integrity. Specimens (100 × 80 × 5 mm) were fabricated with varying infill densities (35%, 70%, and 100%) to assess …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 503–511 Read article
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Land surface dynamics: A Multiphysics Approach to Modeling Mass Transport
Abstract: Land surface dynamics are governed by complex interactions among hydrological, atmospheric, and geomorphological processes that collectively drive the transport of mass across terrestrial environments. Traditional modeling approaches often isolate individual mechanisms, limiting their ability to capture the coupled feedbacks that shape landscape evolution. This study presents a multiphysics framework for modeling mass transport on land surfaces, integrating fluid flow, sediment transport, heat exchange, and chemical reactions within a unified computational …
Published in International Journal of Land · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 31–36 Read article
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Optimization of Process Parameters for Isopropylation of Toluene over Modified Zeolite using Response Surface Methodology
Abstract: Vapor-phase isopropylation of toluene with isopropanol has been investigated in a fixed-bed flow reactor under atmospheric pressure using N2 carrier gas over Cerium modified 13X zeolite catalyst. The main product of this alkylation reaction was p-cymene followed by meta-isomer, while ortho-cymene was negligibly formed. Response surface methodology was used to study the combined effects of temperature, reactant molar ratio and space time on the conversion of toluene and selectivity of …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 22–30 Read article
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Optimization of Machining Parameters for Minimum Surface Roughness Indicators during the Turning of AISI 316 L Stainless Steel
Abstract: Turning is the most common process associated with the production of cylindrical shapes because of its simplicity, rapidity and economy. However, it is one of the most complex cutting processes. Turning is considered to be a complementary process of other more important processes, and yet 70% of the generated chip comes from this cutting technique. Quality plays important role in manufacturing industry. In on-line quality control, controller is provided with …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 24–30 Read article
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Response Surface Approach of Optimization to study the Effects of Drilling Parameters in AISI-304 Stainless Steel
Abstract: The effect of cutting parameters specifically cutting speed, feed rate, drill depth and drill diameter during drilling of AISI-304 stainless steel material on automatic radial drilling machine (RM-62) at different level presents in this work. All the cutting parameters are modeled using response surface methodology (RSM). The impact of cutting speed, feed rate, drill depth and drill diameter on the machining time, average roughness and peak roughness is examined. Finally, …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 21–32 Read article
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Numerical study of the impact of surfactant/polymer flooding on different reservoir wetting phases.
Abstract: Production of oil and gas by primary drive mechanism has always remained unsatisfactory since a greater percentage of the oil remains in the reservoir. Across the industry and academia various enhanced oil recovery interventions are been sought after to help recover more and more hydrocarbons from the reservoir. A simulation study is conducted using the UTCHEM simulator to help understand the mechanism that affect the various wetting characteristics of the …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 14–25 Read article
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Response Surface analysis to find optimum pull for a Multi-Purpose Agricultural Tool for Design and Fabrication
Abstract: Design and assembly of a multi-purpose agricultural tool is a major aspect that has to be developed, This is majorly in continuation with the fact that India has shifted its trend from just an agro-based country to homeland of major IT companies, but still one of its major income is through agriculture be it directly or indirectly. So, it’s an obvious concern that India’s agriculture should be modernized. More than …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 9–13 Read article
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Comparative Assessment of Using Visual and Close Range Photogrammetry Techniques to Evaluate Rigid Pavement Surface Distresses
Abstract: AbstractThe main task of this study is to introduce the close range photogrammetric approach for evaluation of rigid pavement surface condition, and compare the findings with the traditional visual evaluation technique. The visual inspection was conducted by walking through the roadway and evaluating the pavement surface distress visually. As for the photogrammetric fieldwork, it starts with generation of ground control points around the area of distress. A total station device …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 28–36 Read article
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Implementation of Image Processing Technique to Assess the Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Binder
Abstract: The adhesive properties of asphalt binder are considered as a major issue in the durability of the pavement. When asphalt cement does not match the standard specification required for paving work, one of the existing remedy processes is to implement modifiers to enhance the quality. Image processing technique can detect the variation in the adhesive properties through the assessment of surface free energy of the binder. In the present assessment, …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2022 Read article
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Surface Structure of Hydroxyl Apatite from Fluorosis Enamel
Abstract: Fluorosis is a condition due to ingestion of excessive amounts of Fluor that can cause the change in teeth structure and strength. Currently, a poor explanation was available to describe the surface structure of crystal hydroxylapatite that contributes to influence the macro characteristic of fluorosis enamel. The objective of this research is to describe the surface structure of crystal hydroxylapatite (HA) in fluorosis enamel. Scanning Electron Microscopy/ Energy Disperse X-Ray …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 2, Issue 1-3, 2011 · pp. 60–68 Read article
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Application of Artificial intelligence in Single Point Incremental Forming for Surface Roughness Prediction
Abstract: The sheet metal forming industries always try to find an emerging trend to form sheet-metal in a cost-effective manner. In this regard, a forming technique is trending termed as single point incremental forming (SPIF) in which a simple forming tool having hemispherical end rod is moving and simultaneously deforming the clamped metal sheet according to predetermined toolpath command and forms a complete shape. The achievement of required surface quality is …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 237–246 Read article
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Determining the Best Long-Term Luting Cement for Implant Retained Prosthesis Based on Bond Strength and Surface Integrity
Abstract: Implant-retained prostheses play a crucial role in modern dentistry, necessitating reliable luting cements to ensure their longevity and functionality. This study aimed to determine the best long-term luting cement for implant-retained prostheses based on bond strength and surface integrity. The success of implant-retained prostheses relies heavily on the quality of the luting cement used to secure the restoration to the implant abutment. The investigation will employ a series of standardized …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 4, 2024 · pp. 119–129 Read article
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Theoretical Study of Surface Waves in Hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN)
Abstract: Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a wide bandgap semiconductor material in which Boron (B) and Nitrogen (N) atoms form hexagonal structure and has number of robust properties of technological importance. Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are very nice area of research in recent years. Its structure is similar to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) where carbon atoms are arranged in hexagon. hBN is also known as White Graphene. Various methods are employed to …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2024 Read article
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Advancements In Hydrogenated Diamond-Like Carbon Thin Film Deposition & Surface Modification
Abstract: Materials synthesis and processing are pivotal in advancing technologies across domains such as electronics and biomedical applications. This review provides a detailed exploration of recent advancements in thin film deposition techniques, focusing on hydrogenated diamond-like carbon (HDLC) films and various surface modification methodologies. Beginning with an overview of HDLC films, the paper highlights their unique properties and wide-ranging applications, emphasizing their importance in modern materials science. Key sections of the …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 761–777 Read article
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Process Parameters Optimization of Fiber Laser Cladded SS316 Surface Using RSM Analysis
Abstract: This paper presents the laser cladding experiments on the surface of SS316 to study the variations in process parameters, such as scanning speed (100-250 mm/min), laser power (50-250 W), and % volume of B4C (5- 25%) + SS316 powder on the mechanical, metallurgical and tribological performance of the modified surface. A central composite design (CCD) was used to develop the response surface methodology (RSM) to design the experiments and for …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 5, 2025 · pp. 186–201 Read article
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Exploration of Diverse Epoxy-Based Surface Coating Methods for Enhancing Anticorrosion Characteristics
Abstract: Epoxy-based polymers, commonly referred to as polyepoxides, constitute one of the most versatile and widely adopted categories of polymeric materials due to their exceptional structural, mechanical, and chemical characteristics. Their unique macromolecular framework enables strong interfacial bonding, high mechanical stability, and superior resistance to environmental and chemical degradation, positioning them as advanced alternatives to many traditional organic corrosion inhibitors that often fail under prolonged exposure to aggressive conditions When polyepoxides …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 167–177 Read article
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Integrated Surface Water–Groundwater Dynamics: Implications for Pollution Pathways, Prevention, and Environmental Control
Abstract: Water resources worldwide are increasingly threatened by pollution pressures amplified by climate change and intensified human activities. The vulnerability of surface water and groundwater systems to contamination is strongly governed by their dynamic hydrologic connectivity, which is often overlooked in pollution prevention and control frameworks. Rising global temperatures, altered precipitation regimes, land-use change, and intensified abstraction patterns modify recharge processes, flow paths, and contaminant transport mechanisms across environmental landscapes. This …
Published in International Journal of Pollution: Prevention & Control · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 34–40 Read article
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Innermost Surface Temperature Characteristics of Solar Photovoltaic Double Pane Window
Abstract: A window has a great role in the thermal comfort and HVAC load of a building. The role of a window in the HVAC load further increases in a location where both the summer and winter conditions are severe. In the above context, the innermost surface of a double pane window system is the most important. The present paper presents an analysis of the temperature characteristics of the innermost surface …
Published in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 30–40 Read article