Search
359 articles for “counter”
-
Host-Pathogen Coevolution: Implications for Immune Evasion and Pathogen Fitness
Abstract: The interaction between hosts and pathogens represents a continuous evolutionary struggle, shaping both microbial virulence and host immunity. Pathogens employ diverse strategies to evade immune surveillance, ranging from antigenic variation and molecular mimicry to hijacking of host immune checkpoints. Simultaneously, hosts refine innate and adaptive immune mechanisms to counteract infection and limit damage. This reciprocal adaptation, known as host–pathogen coevolution, influences pathogen persistence, transmission, and fitness, while also sculpting immune …
Published in International Journal of Pathogens · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 6–10 Read article
-
VHDL-Based Strategies for Protecting IoT Devices from Power and Electromagnetic Side-Channel Attacks: A Study
Abstract: The environment of the Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly developing, linking billions of devices across a wide variety of disciplines. Furthermore, despite the fact that it provides an unprecedented level of convenience and efficiency, this interconnection also presents a fertile ground for security weaknesses. Side-channel attacks, also known as SCAs, are one of the dangers that pose a considerable risk. These attacks specifically target the cryptographic implementations that are …
Published in Recent Trends in Electronics Communication Systems · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 30–40 Read article
-
The Synthetic Media Threat: Generative AI and Deepfake Technology enabled Synthetic Media as Emerging Vectors of Cyberterrorism
Abstract: Cyberterrorism for most part of its academic and general understanding has been known and studied through conventional way such as a) malware deployment b)denial of essential services c) attacks on critical infrastructure, however with rapid changes in information technology as well as recent swift proliferation of generative artificial intelligence and deep fake technologies a completely new and unexamined dimension of threat vector has emerged, further expanding the threat areas are …
Published in Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research & Advances · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
-
Passive Augmentation Studies in a Double Pipe Heat Exchanger with Ellipsoidal Dimples
Abstract: In this work, the numerical studies of heat transfer augmentation of a counter-current double pipe heat exchanger with ellipsoidal dimples (inward-facing, raised dimples) on the inner tube was performed using SOLIDWORKS software. The effect of dimple depth, dimple pitch and number of dimples/angles between two dimples on heat transfer was investigated at a constant volumetric flow rate of 4 LPM for hot (water) and cold (water) fluids. The effect of …
Published in Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
-
Host Invasion to Immune Evasion: Emerging Concepts in Pathogen Virulence Strategies
Abstract: The interaction between hosts and pathogens represents a continuous evolutionary struggle, shaping both microbial virulence and host immunity. Pathogens employ diverse strategies to evade immune surveillance, ranging from antigenic variation and molecular mimicry to hijacking of host immune checkpoints. Simultaneously, hosts refine innate and adaptive immune mechanisms to counteract infection and limit damage. This reciprocal adaptation, known as host–pathogen coevolution, influences pathogen persistence, transmission, and fitness, while also sculpting immune …
Published in International Journal of Pathogens · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
-
A Factorial Investigation of Hyperparameter Tuning Strategies for Lasso- Based Genomic Prediction
Abstract: In an earlier comparative study of machine-learning methods for genomic prediction of wheat grain yield, we reported a counter-intuitive result: automated nested-cross-validation tuning of the Lasso regularization penalty reduced mean predictive ability relative to a fixed, arbitrarily chosen penalty (mean Pearson r falling from 0.408 to 0.349 across four environments), the opposite of the expected effect of hyperparameter tuning. We hypothesized two possible explanations at the time — high-variance penalty …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Computational Biology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 42–51 Read article
-
A Low Delay Two-Channel Quadrature Mirror Filter Bank using IIR Filter
Abstract: IIR filters have the advantage of low delay, high selectivity and stopband attenuation as compared to their counterpart FIR filters. In the present work, a low delay two-channel Quadrature Mirror Filter (QMF) bank using IIR filter has been proposed. The IIR prototype filter has been designed by approximating the FIR lowpass filter using the least square approximation. The length of the IIR filter has been selected using the bi-section method. …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 1–7 Read article
-
Cyber Security Evaluation for a Petroleum Refinery Using Attack Tree Methodology and Economic Indexes
Abstract: Information Technology (IT) is vital and valuable to our society. An important type of IT system is Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems. The most common misconception regarding the security of SCADA was that this network was electronically isolated from other networks and hence attackers could not access them. Over the years SCADA systems have become incorporated with other IT systems, which has made them becoming increasingly vulnerable to …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 20–29 Read article
-
Trust and Safety at Work Place: A Review
Abstract: To manage safety at workplace in the technology work environment has usually focused on factors such as machinery operations, physical design, and various other hardware counter-measures. Various cognitive-based human factors have not seen a strong importance by safety and technology researchers. This is the start to change as investigators have begun to examine how the management of human factors could affect the safety in the workplace. One of these factors …
Published in Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 19–23 Read article
-
Modelling of Beam Pumping System using Simulation with Case Study
Abstract: The study deals with analyzing the performance of beam pumping system or sucker rod pump (SRP) through automation and counter balancing. In order to operate the pump in an efficient manner, the performance of SRP is also analyzed in the conditions of under balanced, normally balanced and even for precisely balanced wells. The main focus of the work is to troubleshoot by systematic analysis of dynamometer card, correct interpretation and …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 9–24 Read article
-
Frictional properties of thermally processed electroless nickel coatings
Abstract: Electroless plating was used to deposit the nickel (Ni) coatings on the carbon steel substrate, both with and without incorporated cubic boron nitride (c-BN) nanoparticles. Coatings were put through tests under both heat-treated and as-deposited conditions. In addition to measuring hardness and roughness, the coating structure was characterized. Under dry and water lubricated contact circumstances, the friction characteristics of bronze, used as the counter-body material, were investigated. coefficients of friction …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 27–31 Read article
-
Performance Analysis of 160 Channel WDM System with EDFA Amplifier
Abstract: AbstractErbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) amplifiers are popularly used in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system to compensate attenuation and dispersion. The performance of EDFA depends on various parameters such as, EDFA length, Er+3 doping concentration, active fiber length, pump power, pumping wavelength etc. This paper analyzed the performance of EDFA with counter pumping and co-pumping varying the EDFA length, pump power and Er+3 doping concentration and optimized the values for …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 25–34 Read article
-
Recent Advances of Distributed Optical Fiber Raman Amplifiers in Ultra Wide Wavelength Division Multiplexing Telecommunication Networks
Abstract: ABSTRACTRecently, many research works have been focused on the fiber optic devices for optical communication systems. One of the main interests is on the optical amplifiers to boost a weak signal in the communication systems. In order to overcome the limitations imposed by electrical regeneration, a means of optical amplification was sought. The competing technology emerged: the first was Raman amplification. One reason was that the optical pump powers required …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 1, Issue 1-3, 2011 · pp. 44–59 Read article
-
Innovative Developments of Optical Fiber using Multiplexing/Demultiplexing
Abstract: AbstractAs of late, numerous exploration works have been centered around the fiber optic gadgets for optical correspondence frameworks. One of the principle hobbies is on the optical intensifiers to support a powerless flag in the correspondence frameworks. Keeping in mind the end goal to conquer the confinements forced by electrical recovery, a method for optical intensification was looked for. The contending innovation developed: the first was Raman enhancement. One reason …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 21–29 Read article
-
A Deep Survey on Techniques Used to Recognize Locust Based on CNN
Abstract: The major threat in agriculture is insect pests and crop disease. Outbreaks and upsurges of insects can cause huge loss to crop production. Locusts are crop devouring pests found in many parts of the world. Recognition of locusts in early stage helps to prevent the spread of locusts by taking appropriate counter-measures and biological control methods. Initially, locusts were classified and recognized manually which is time consuming and requires taxonomic …
Published in Journal of Computer Technology & Applications · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 1–8 Read article
-
Digitised Academic Credential Verification Using Blockchain
Abstract: Blockchain is a digitized underlying technology having variety of applications that powers cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, Ripple and Ethereum. It has not been limited to just cryptocurrencies but has also been exploited and utilized in different domains such as education, healthcare, finance, electronics, commerce, Internet of Things, governance, etc.Some key attributes of this technology are security, decentralization, immutability, and transparency. In education sector, Blockchain technology can be used for various …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 21–29 Read article
-
Indian Cybersecurity Turf: A 2020 Position Paper
Abstract: In sharp contrast to countries like Singapore and the United States of America where a single national entity deals with their cybersecurity issues, India has as many as 36 central organizations to safeguard her cyberspace provincial mechanisms apart. Further, India was amongst the first few nation-states to adopt a National Cyber Security Policy, yet little has changed on the digital security turf since its propounding in the year 2013. In …
Published in Journal Of Network security · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 42–47 Read article
-
Recent Trends-Acceptance and Adaptability among Nurses
Abstract: Background: Trends in nursing are some important changes, which occur over a time with respect to some phenomenon. Nurses especially have felt the enduring sting of the recent crisis and they continue to struggle with high patient-nurse ratios, poor professional atmosphere counter-balanced by the hope of a growing cohort of well-educated, young nurses who are meeting high demands to care for the community. Trends are fascinating phenomena, but they do …
Published in Journal of Nursing Science & Practice · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 1–9 Read article
-
Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Properties of Medicinal Mushrooms with Reference to Their Role in Treating COVID-19 Infections
Abstract: Emerging, respiratory coronavirus like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), producing the disease COVID-19 has become the major cause of posing biological threat to mankind in today’s world. It is referred as typical pneumonia associated inflammatory infection of lungs with high morbidity and mortality rate in humans. The virus has affected more than 200 countries across the world leading to death of more that 32,000,00 people across the globe, as …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 23–34 Read article
-
A Critical Analysis of Research on Swallow-induced Respiratory Functions in Healthy Individuals as a Function of Head/Body Position
Abstract: Pulmonary functions and respiratory airflow are known to change with the body and head positions. The precise coordination of swallowing with regular respiratory patterns prevents lower airway infiltration during bolus passage. This review was conducted to analyze the influence of head and body positions on the respiratory measures surrounding a swallow in healthy individuals. An all-inclusive search run on the most popular health science databases retrieved 18,588 articles that were …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 20–28 Read article