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502 articles for “ratio”
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Consumer Misuse of Cosmeceuticals and Its Role in Adverse Skin Reactions
Abstract: Cosmeceuticals represent a rapidly expanding category of products positioned between cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, offering both aesthetic and therapeutic benefits. However, their widespread availability, aggressive marketing, and perception as inherently safe have contributed to increasing instances of consumer misuse. Misuse includes over-application, inappropriate combinations, prolonged unsupervised use, and use of high-potency active ingredients without dermatological guidance. Such practices have been strongly associated with a broad spectrum of adverse cutaneous reactions ranging …
Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–16 Read article
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Gold Nanoparticle Size, Biodistribution, and Toxicity: Insights from DualEnergy CT
Abstract: Dual-energy and spectral computed tomography (CT) have emerged as powerful platforms for noninvasive, quantitative mapping of nanoparticle biodistribution in vivo. By exploiting the energy-dependent attenuation profiles of high-atomic-number (high-Z) materials, these systems enable material decomposition and element-specific imaging, thereby distinguishing nanoparticle signals from those of soft tissues and conventional iodinated contrast agents. Photon-counting spectral CT further enhances this capability by binning individual photons into multiple energy channels, improving spatial resolution, …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 28, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Computational Modeling of Polymer Semiconductors for Electronic Applications
Abstract: Polymer semiconductors have become important materials in modern electronic applications because they combine semiconducting behavior with mechanical flexibility, low-cost processing, and tunable molecular structure. Their growing use in organic field-effect transistors, organic photovoltaics, organic light-emitting diodes, and flexible sensing devices has increased the need for accurate computational approaches that can predict material properties and device performance before experimental fabrication. This paper reviews the major computational modeling techniques used for polymer …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 132–146 Read article
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Fracture Analysis of Laminated composite plates using Extended Finite Element Method: A Review
Abstract: Laminated composite plates are used in aerospace, automotive, and marine industries. They feature great durability against fatigue, a high strength-to-weight ratio, and mechanical attributes that may be altered. However, they are prone to fracture and delamination under complex loading, requiring accurate fracture analysis for structural integrity. Traditional finite element methods (FEM) need extensive mesh refinement for modelling crack propagation which increases the computational costs. The Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) …
Published in International Journal of Fracture Mechanics and Damage Science · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 16–25 Read article
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Design and Performance Analysis of Natural Rubber–Silica Nanocomposite Vibration Isolators for Household Appliances
Abstract: Natural rubber (NR) nanocomposites reinforced with surface-modified precipitated silica (SiO2) were synthesized through a two-roll mill compounding and compression-moulding process, then systematically evaluated as passive vibration isolator materials for domestic washing machine applications. Five silica loadings 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 phr were investigated. A comprehensive characterization suite encompassing tensile testing, Shore A hardness, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed clear structure–property …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 554–560 Read article
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Dynamic Vibration and Damping Analysis of Sustainable Nano-Reinforced Polymer Composite Elements for Vehicle Suspension Applications
Abstract: This paper presents an analytical investigation into the dynamic vibration characteristics of nano-reinforced polymer composite elements intended for vehicle suspension applications. A single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) quarter-car model is employed to derive fundamental expressions for natural frequency, damping ratio, logarithmic decrement, and displacement transmissibility. The primary contribution lies in establishing explicit analytical linkages between material-level viscoelastic properties specifically storage modulus and loss modulus and system-level suspension parameters including stiffness and damping coefficients. …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 561–570 Read article
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Natural Frequency Analysis of Polymer Composites
Abstract: Polymer composite materials are increasingly utilized in vibration-sensitive engineering applications due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, design flexibility, and tailorable dynamic properties. Among these properties, natural frequency plays a crucial role in determining structural stability, resonance avoidance, and dynamic performance. This review presents a comprehensive synthesis of recent research on the natural frequency characteristics of polymer composite structures, with emphasis on material properties, structural configurations, boundary conditions, damage effects, environmental …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 541–553 Read article
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Intelligent Electromagnetic Synthesis: An AI-Driven IoT Framework for Adaptive Antenna Design in Missile Navigation
Abstract: The rapid evolution of hypersonic and long-range tactical missile systems necessitates antenna architecture capable of maintaining robust communication links under extreme thermal, mechanical, and signal-jamming environments. Traditional antenna design methodologies often relying on iterative simulation cycles and static optimization are increasingly insufficient for the real-time requirements of modern aerospace navigation. This paper proposes an AI-driven, IoT- integrated framework that facilitates autonomous antenna design and performance optimization. By deploying a distributed …
Published in International Journal of Radio Frequency Innovations · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Pharmacodynamics and Drug–Receptor Interactions: Integrating PK/PD Modeling with Modern Drug Development
Abstract: Understanding drug action requires an integrated perspective of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, which together determine therapeutic efficacy and safety. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying drug action, with particular emphasis on drug–receptor interactions and their role in modulating physiological responses. Drugs exert their effects primarily through interactions with specific biological targets, including receptors, enzymes, ion channels, and transporters, resulting in a spectrum of desired and adverse outcomes. …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Polymer Composite-Enabled UAV Platform for Edge AI-Based Precision Agriculture: A System-Level Evaluation
Abstract: This study investigates the system-level role of commercially available polymer composite materials in enabling lightweight and energy-efficient unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platforms integrated with edge artificial intelligence for real-time agricultural monitoring. Rather than developing or experimentally characterizing new composite materials, the work evaluates fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites and epoxy-based laminates as enabling structural components whose established properties support UAV performance in precision agriculture. Their high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 218–240 Read article
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Gene Edited Livestock for Enhanced Feed Efficiency and Metabolic Adaptation Through Precision Genomic Interventions
Abstract: Advances in gene editing technologies have transformed the landscape of livestock production by enabling precise manipulation of genetic material associated with productivity, health, and environmental adaptability. Tools such as CRISPR Cas9 and emerging next generation editors allow targeted modifications that improve feed efficiency, growth performance, nutrient utilization, and stress tolerance in farm animals. This review highlights the genetic basis of feed efficiency and metabolic regulation, focusing on key genes and …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Mannan-Rich Fractions in Poultry Nutrition: A Sustainable and Defensive Strategy against Antimicrobial Resistance
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has evolved to be a significant global threat, menacing worldwide health and food security. Its proliferation in poultry farming has spurred the search for sustainable, non-antibiotic alternatives. One promising alternative is Mannan-Rich Fractions (MRFs), which is derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These bioactive compounds not only support poultry health but also aid in suppressing pathogenic bacteria without contributing to resistance. This review brings together current studies highlighting how …
Published in Recent Trends in Infectious Diseases · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–16 Read article
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Gravitational Wave Astronomy (2015–2026): From Historic Discoveries to Quantum Detection Frontiers
Abstract: Since the landmark detection of GW150914 by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration in 2015, gravitational wave (GW) astronomy has transitioned from a theoretical frontier to a robust observational science. This breakthrough confirmed a major prediction of General Relativity and inaugurated an entirely new method for observing the universe. Over the past decade, continuous upgrades to ground-based interferometers such as LIGO, Virgo Collaboration, and KAGRA have dramatically improved detector sensitivity, enabling the …
Published in International Journal of Universe · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Effect of machining parameters on the tool wear in drilling of 3D PF C/C composite
Abstract: Carbon–carbon (C/C) composites are broadly used in aerospace, defence, shipbuilding, chemical, and nuclear industries owing to their high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios. However, they are brittle, anisotropic and non-homogeneous in nature, making them difficult to machine. Incorrect machining parameters can cause defects such as burrs, delamination, and fibre bundles pullout. This paper aims to study the hole surface and tool wear during drilling of 3D pierced fabric (PF) carbon-carbon (C/C) …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 269–281 Read article
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Machine Learning Based Optimization of Polymer Structure Property Relationships in Composite Material Systems
Abstract: In modern engineering applications, polymer-based composite materials have garnered a lot of attention because of their lightweight nature, high strength-to-weight ratio, and changing physical features. In order to maximize the relationships between polymer structure and properties in composite materials, this study suggests a strategy based on reinforcement learning (RL). The research utilized the Polymer Composite Properties Dataset, which contains 12,700 records associated with polymer matrices, reinforcement fillers, interfacial bonding characteristics, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 242–255 Read article
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High-Gain Microstrip Patch Antenna for Satellite and Radar Applications
Abstract: The growing demand for high-speed wireless communication, satellite connectivity, and advanced radar systems has increased the necessity for compact and high-performance antenna designs. This study presents the design and analysis of a high-gain microstrip patch antenna intended for satellite and radar applications operating in the microwave frequency range. The proposed antenna structure is developed using a low-loss dielectric substrate to enhance radiation efficiency, bandwidth, and gain characteristics while maintaining a …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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MATLAB Simulation of Partial Power Converter with Dual- Mode Inverter for Solar Conversion
Abstract: The growing insertion of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in the modern power systems requires high-efficiency, compact and reliable power conversion solutions. The traditional PV conversion system generally uses full-power processed DC-DC converters followed by inverters, which increases conduction and switching power losses, especially at higher power ratings. To overcome these challenges, this paper proposes a partial power processed resonant converter with a dual-mode transformer-less inverter for efficient solar PV power …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Academic Performance and Its Associated Factors Among Pawe Health Science College Students in Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, North-West Ethiopia
Abstract: Background: Academic performance can be defined as the degree to which a teacher, an institution, or a student meets short-term or long-term learning objectives. Continuous assessments and the student’s overall cumulative grade point average (CGPA) are typically used to measure academic achievement. Objectives: To assess academic performance and its associated factors among students, in the case of Pawi Health Science College, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, North-West Ethiopia, 2025. Methods: An institution-based …
Published in Journal of Nursing Science & Practice · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 24–35 Read article
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Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulation Study on the Evolution of Photoinitiated Free Radical Polymerization Crosslinked Networks
Abstract: Gradient polymer materials overcome the limitations of conventional homogeneous polymers by integrating multiple distinct functionalities within a single continuous structure. Although photoinitiated free-radical polymerization offers excellent spatial and temporal control, the underlying microscopic mechanisms governing network evolution under non-uniform light fields remain poorly understood. In this study, a mesoscale dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) model was successfully developed to couple free-radical polymerization kinetics—including initiation, propagation, crosslinking, and termination—with exponential light attenuation …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 142–158 Read article
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Diffusion-Based Enhancement of Low-SNR Time- Frequency Signals
Abstract: Traditional enhancing techniques are useless in low signal-to-noise ratio (LSNR) situations because noise drastically interferes with communication signals. Based on an enhanced DiffBIR model, this paper suggests a dual-stage signal improvement approach that combines diffusion with deep learning. By combining the Inception module for multi-scale feature extraction with the Pixel Fusion Attention (PFA) module for significant region highlighting, the model improves signal recovery in the time- frequency domain. Experiments show …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 17, Issue 2, 2026 Read article