Search
919 articles for “top-down”
-
Formulation and Evaluation of a Natural Excipients-Based Diclofenac Sodium Topical Ointment
Abstract: The present study reports the formulation and evaluation of a diclofenac sodium topical ointment incorporating natural excipients to improve skin compatibility and formulation sustainability. Conventional topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) formulations frequently rely on synthetic excipients that may cause dermal irritation and pose environmental concerns. To address these limitations, a 1% w/w diclofenac sodium ointment was developed using aloe vera gel, glycerin, xanthan gum, peppermint oil, vitamin E, and isopropyl …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 14–26 Read article
-
Modal and Stress Analysis of Lower Wishbone Arm Along with Topology Optimization
Abstract: An independent suspension allows wheels to rise and fall on their own without affecting the opposite wheel. The aim of study is to complete FEM analysis of a suspension link for deformation and stresses in dynamic mode. For this a 3-D solid model of a suspension link is generated. Multi body system approach is used to determine the loads acting on the suspension component. Vonmises Stress analysis is to be …
Published in Journal of Automobile Engineering and Applications · Vol. 1, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 1–6 Read article
-
Circuit Topologies, Operation, Control Schemes and Modulation Techniques of Modular Multilevel Inverter
Abstract: The Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) is one of the developing topology. MMC has several attractive features such as a modular structure, transformer-less operation, easily scalable in terms of voltage and current, low expense for redundancy and fault tolerant operation and excellent output waveforms quality. Due to these attractive features industry and researcher increased the interest in this converter. This interest results in the development of new power topologies, modulation strategies …
Published in Journal of Power Electronics and Power Systems · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 28–40 Read article
-
DEM Development using Geographic Information System for Topographic Assessment
Abstract: Topography of the earth surface plays a vital role in the distribution of water within the natural land surfaces. This includes various hydrological processes like surface runoff, infiltration and evaporation. The quantitative assessment of these processes mainly depends upon the topography of the surfaces. Many topographic features can be computed directly from Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Assessment of topography manually is generally tedious, time consuming and often subject to error. …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 1, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 17–23 Read article
-
Parallel Search Engines for Topology Optimization of an Arch Truss using Evolutionary Algorithms
Abstract: The use of parallel search engines to solve NP-Hard problems is increasingly in use with the computational power becoming more economical. The objective of this paper is to effectively explore and exploit the search domain to identify the optimal point using two search engines in parallel. This paper proves that intensification and diversification can be performed effectively using two search engines in parallel. The use of two search engines in …
Published in Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 22–27 Read article
-
Multi-population Search Engines for Topology Optimization of Continuum Structures
Abstract: This paper deals with the complex design domains, which usually require higher computational effort, and further tuning of parameters for algorithms is not practicable in terms of time and effort required. Multi search engines can be one such option wherein the search particles in groups are searching the design domain. Aqua search metaheuristic optimization algorithm is used to effectively explore and exploit the search domain. It is observed that this …
Published in Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 17–23 Read article
-
Review On: Liquid Crystal Cream for Topical Drug Delivery
Abstract: A Liquid crystal creams represent a novel approach in skincare formulations, leveraging the unique properties of liquid crystal technology to improve skin hydration and barrier function. An overview of current developments in liquid crystal cream formulations is given in this article, with an emphasis on the benefits they offer for skincare and their composition and structure. Liquid crystal creams mimic the lipid bilayers of the skin, offering enhanced compatibility and …
Published in Trends in Drug Delivery · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–8 Read article
-
Phytopharmacognostical Study and Development & Assessment of Topical Herbal Ointment from Leaves of Calotropis gigantea
Abstract: Joint pain is a common problem that affects people all over the world and calls for efficient treatment solutions. The present study investigated the creation of a topical formulation for the treatment of joint pain that uses an extract from the leaves of Calotropis gigantea. C. gigantea is sometimes referred to as huge milk weed and aak leaves. It is a member of the Apocynaceae family. This versatile plant has …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 114–120 Read article
-
Formulation and Evaluation of Topical Antiacne Gel from Coriander and Garlic Extract
Abstract: Objective: To develop and evaluate a topical anti-acne gel formulated using aqueous extracts of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) and garlic (Allium sativum). The study aims to assess the antibacterial efficacy of the gel against acne-causing bacteria, specifically Propionibacterium acnes. Methods: 1.Extraction: Coriander Extract: Aqueous extraction was performed by soaking coriander seeds in distilled water, followed by filtration. Garlic Extract: Non-chemical extraction involved mixing crushed garlic with honey in a 1:1 ratio …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacognosy · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 10–15 Read article
-
Assessment of Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS Technology for Generating Accurate Topographic Maps and Controls: A Case Study of Farin-Lamba to Kwali College Area"
Abstract: This study investigates the application of Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) for topographic mapping and control point establishment in Farin-Lamba to Kwali College Area. The second order Survey controls extension are critical indices for ensuring structural and border control mechanisms in environmental development projects. However, creating these controls using traditional ways presents major obstacles. Most modern techniques are improvements on ancient approaches, which raises the possibility of environmental dangers and …
Published in International Journal of Land · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 11–23 Read article
-
Cosmetic Topical Formulations: Design Strategies, Skin Interaction Mechanisms, Clinical–Cosmetic Applications, and Emerging Trends
Abstract: Cosmetic topical products are central to modern skin care, as they deliver active ingredients directly to the skin surface and upper layers to improve appearance, texture, and function. By acting locally on the epidermis and adnexal structures, these preparations help manage dryness, photoaging, pigmentation, acne, and sensitive-skin conditions while minimizing systemic exposure. A wide range of dosage forms—creams, lotions, gels, ointments, serums, sprays, and transdermal-inspired cosmetic patches—are engineered to modulate …
Published in Recent Trends in Cosmetics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 39–47 Read article
-
Design of Low Noise Transimpedance Amplifier using Multiple Feedback filter Topology
Abstract: This study presents the highly linear and low noise transimpedance amplifier (TIA) based on CMOS inverter as an amplifier within multiple feedback (MPFB) filter topology. Absence of complex analog circuitry and compatibility with widespread digital CMOS processes highlight this TIA topology asthe best choice in signal conditioning chains approaching analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). Special attention has been given to the TIA stability and compensation networks. Using dedicated low-dropout (LDO) regulator, the …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 25–30 Read article
-
A Review on Emerging Topology of LUO Converter
Abstract: AbstractLUO converters are novel series of chopper which convert fix DC voltage into variable DC voltage magnitude. Converters are popular structure that conventionally implemented with regulation of voltage and having higher (THD) Total Harmonic Distortion, lower power factor for power transmitting process. For DC application LUO Converter topology can be favored. DC-DC chopper has advantages such as better output regulation, compact size, high efficiency, and minimum cost. This paper represents …
Published in Journal of Instrumentation Technology & Innovations · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 1–6 Read article
-
Experimental Investigation of Process Parameters While Milling of AA8011 Using MCDM/MADM Method-TOPSIS
Abstract: This paper presents in-depth and comprehensive approach for optimizing the machining parameters in milling of wrought alloy AA8011 using a MCDM/MADM method called TOPSIS. The present work is carried out in three phases; in the first phase the orthogonal array L27 design is prepared using Minitab software by considering various milling parameters such as speed, feed and depth of cut at three different levels. In the second phase, milling operations …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 11–16 Read article
-
Study of Morphometric and Topographic Parameters of Nashik District and Its Talukas Using GIS Tool
Abstract: In this article, an analysis of the morphometric and topographic characteristics of Nashik district and its talukas using GIS technology is done. The methodology discussed here involved various steps such as obtaining toposheets, georeferencing them, clipping relevant areas, mosaicking images together, allocating contours, preparing a Digital Elevation Model, delineating boundaries, deriving river networks and their properties. The results include important morphometric and topographic parameters for both Nashik district as a …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 39–49 Read article
-
Design and Topology Optimization of Housing Bracket of Starter Motor
Abstract: AbstractStarter engine is an electric engine which gives electro-mechanical movement to begin the inside ignition motor. The electric starter guarantees that anybody could without much of a stretch beginning and run an inside burning motor for any traveler vehicles. Starter engine lodging section quality and weight has been constantly a worry which may prompt operational cost high and strength life. This examination presents the plan of model in CATIA software …
Published in Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 5–11 Read article
-
IoT Protocol for Hybrid Hub-Node Topology
Abstract: AbstractCommunication between two or more smart devices can be established using various topologies and protocols like wifi, bluetooth, zigbee, LoRAWAN, Sigfox, etc. All these protocols have a limitation, no device can talk to other directly or in other words (M2M) or broadcast, it should always have a hub or gateway through which it can connect. This paper will provide an overview on the protocol that is engineered to allow devices …
Published in Current Trends in Information Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 36–41 Read article
-
Assessing the Impact of Topical Steroids on Tinea Infections: An Epidemiological Investigation
Abstract: This retrospective epidemiological study investigates the prevalence and characteristics of modified tinea infections resulting from the use of topical steroids. Analyzing patient records from October 2022 at ‘District General Hospital, Amravati, the study reveals a significant association between topical steroid use and altered clinical features in 89% of cases. Factors such as steroid potency, duration of use, and specific tinea subtypes affected contribute to understanding the epidemiology of modified tinea …
Published in International Journal of Vaccines · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 10–18 Read article
-
A Comprehensive Ahp-Topsis Approach For Non-Traditional Machining Process Selection In The Manufacturing Sector
Abstract: Non-traditional machining processes (NTMPs) are being used more widely in modern industry as a result of the increased use of advanced materials in that sector. Selecting the best Non-Traditional Machining Process (NTMP) is essential to a manufacturing company's success and competitiveness. One way to think of the process of choosing the best NTMP for a given machining processes application is as a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem with a lot of …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Production Engineering · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–8 Read article
-
Stress based topology optimization of axial tubes under impact to improve energy absorption
Abstract: The present study is aimed at designing a stress constrained topology optimized tube to improve the specific energy absorption (SEA) and reduce the peak crushing force. The research was aimed to develop an axial tube to withstand high impact loads thus improving the crash worthiness of the structure. Crash analysis of a 3D deformable circular tube having different thickness of 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm and 2 mm with …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 4, 2024 · pp. 210–220 Read article