Search
36 articles for “Amplification factor.”
-
Chromatic Dispersion Compensation in Optical Fiber Communication System using FBG and EDFA
Abstract: AbstractNowadays optical communication is a most significant technique to transmit the data. In daily life we share our useful data by using optical network but dispersion is the main factor towards limiting the performance of optical system. However, the compensation of dispersion by Dispersion Compensating Fiber (DCF) and Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) can boost significantly the system. This proposed work investigates and analyze the chromatic dispersion compensation in optical fiber …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 1–7 Read article
-
Driving Determinants Influencing Mortality of Goats in the Tropics: Challenges for Sustainable Livestock Development
Abstract: Goat mortality in the tropics is driven by multifactorial determinants that pose critical challenges to sustainable livestock development. Key contributors include infectious diseases, such as peste des petits ruminants, goat pox, enterotoxemia, and haemonchosis, which remain prevalent due to limited vaccination coverage and inadequate biosecurity measures. Bacterial infections, like pneumonia and caseous lymphadenitis, along with parasitic infestations, such as coccidiosis and liver fluke, significantly reduce goat survival rates, especially in …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 29–48 Read article
-
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Readout Integrated Circuit for Imaging Applications
Abstract: In this paper presents a novel continuous-time simultaneous-readout scheme for active imaging systems based on orthogonal modulation of photo detector signals. The superimposed-continuous-time approach presented here differs from the conventional scheduled-discrete-time scheme in that the photo detector signals are summed in a common bus concurrently and then converted to voltage levels for digitization. We illustrate that our proposed architecture may be profitable. Predominantly, in solicitations, the bandwidth necessities for a …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 5–8 Read article
-
Low-Offset High Speed CMOS Voltage Comparator using 180 nm Technology
Abstract: A low Off-Set high-speed two-stage dynamic comparator is presented. In this circuit, PMOS transistors are used at the input of the first and second stages of the comparator. At the evaluation phase, the second stage is activated after the first stage with a predetermined delay to achieve a controllable pre-amplifier gain. Also, the first stage is turned off after the delay to reduce overall power consumption. Simulation results in 0.18µm …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 21–27 Read article
-
Low-Offset High Speed CMOS Voltage Comparator using 180 nm Technology
Abstract: A low Off-Set high-speed two-stage dynamic comparator is presented in this paper. In this circuit, PMOS transistors are used at the input of the first and second stages of the comparator. At the evaluation phase, the second stage is activated after the first stage with a predetermined delay to achieve a controllable pre-amplifier gain. Also, the first stage is turned off after the delay to reduce overall power consumption. Simulation …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 21–27 Read article
-
Childhood Obesity: From Determinants to Clinical Management strategies
Abstract: Childhood obesity is one of the major global health problems in whole world, with a dramatic increase in prevalence over the recent few decades. Obesity associated with very serious long term health complications and sometimes very serious complications, such as metabolic disorders, cardiovascular, neurological, renal and psychological disorders. There are various factors such as genetic, environmental, behavioural, and socio-economic factors are some key player in the pathogenesis of obesity. In …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Health Professions · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 45–53 Read article
-
Physiographic, Climatic, and Hydrogeological Determinants of Urban Flooding in Bhopal: A Spatial Assessment
Abstract: Bhopal, capital city of Madhya Pradesh, is uniquely shaped by hilly terrain, lake systems, and complex hydrogeological characteristics, which historically supported efficient natural drainage. However, rapid urbanization, encroachment, and alterations in land use have increasingly disrupted these natural systems, amplifying the city’s susceptibility to urban flooding. The city’s physiography, defined by five major hills, undulating slopes, and a network of natural drainage channels, directs runoff toward low-lying zones that frequently …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 25–32 Read article
-
Design of Ultrafast Optical Full Subtractor Link and Performance Analysis
Abstract: AbstractThis article illustrates proposed optical full subtractor schematic through SOA-MZI, yield borrow and difference outputs concurrently. The objective has been accomplished by exploiting nonlinear attributes with SOA. Numerical simulations have been executed and craving optical subtractor output waveforms have been verified at 100 Gbps data rate. Optimization criterion for the design’s performance measurement is taken as Q-factor and the extinction ratio factor. The subtractor output difference and borrow outcomes with …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 7–20 Read article
-
Noise, Vibration and harshness control in motor vehicular parts; a mechanical approach
Abstract: Over the years, noise, vibration and hardness in vehicles has been a major challenge in the field of automobile engineering. With the introduction of new vehicle models, vehicle parts design has been so complex and sometimes we wonder why this happens. NVH which is the internal noise we experience inside the vehicle is generated by several sources inside the vehicle of which includes the engine, the propeller shaft, the differential …
Published in Journal of Automobile Engineering and Applications · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 49–53 Read article
-
Significance of Food Security and Safety behind India’s Sustainable Urban Development
Abstract: The foundation of sustainable urban development lies on the steps taken by a city to reduce its climate change." Multiple aspects of it primarily include water supply, health care, affordable housing, transportation, electricity and sanitation. The most important goal of any sustainable city or smart city is to secure “healthy and safe life” for its people without losing the existing natural resources. Foundation of “healthy life” originates from sufficient availability …
Published in International Journal of Nutritions · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 25–30 Read article
-
Climate Change and the Spread of Pathogens: Implications for Public Health
Abstract: Climate change plays a significant role in the spread of infectious diseases by shifting how pathogens behave, affecting how vulnerable hosts are, and changing the way diseases are transmitted.Rising global temperatures, changing precipitation levels, and extreme weather events are accelerating the spread of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, increasing the risk of outbreaks worldwide. Warmer conditions favor the survival and expansion of vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, and Zika …
Published in International Journal of Pathogens · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–5 Read article
-
Environment, Health, and Carcinogenic Concerns in the Light of Microvita Theory
Abstract: This study examines the relationship between environmental health, carcinogenic risks, and P.R. Sarkar’s microvita theory, introduced in 1986. Microvita are described as subtle entities that influence both physical and mental realms, potentially interacting with environmental factors and playing a role in health and disease, particularly in the process of carcinogenesis. By merging this philosophical concept with modern scientific insights, the study offers a fresh perspective on addressing environmental hazards that …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 8–18 Read article
-
Assessing Air Quality, Climate Change, and Migration Dynamics in Delhi NCR: A System Dynamics Approach
Abstract: As climate change accelerates and environmental degradation worsens, urban centers like Delhi NCR are under increasing pressure from internal migration. Poor air quality—especially in rural and peri-urban regions—emerges both as a driver of out-migration and a deterrent for in-migration to already burdened cities. This study develops a system dynamics (SD) model that integrates climate variables, air pollution metrics, economic indicators, governance quality, and migration behavior to simulate population flows into …
Published in Recent Trends in Mathematics · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 7–11 Read article
-
Factors Affecting Mammalian Embryo Culture: A Detailed Review
Abstract: Human IVF has made remarkable progress, but optimizing the in vitro environment remains essential and crucial for supporting embryo development and improving overall clinical outcomes in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Even with advances in complex culture media, incubator design, and laboratory workflows, embryos grown outside the body are still exposed to chemical and physical stressors that can significantly affect their developmental potential. In this review, we discuss key chemical stressors, …
Published in International Journal of Cell Biology and Cellular Functions · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
-
Efficient Data Transmission through Fiber Optic Communication System using SOA
Abstract: AbstractThis paper represents the characteristic of Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) by varying frequency of Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) which is used as a source at the transmitter end and also injection current of SOA. It is observed that by varying the injection current up to 1 ampere, maximum output power of 0.74935 watt can be achieved at the frequency of VCSEL of 193.1 THz when the optical fiber …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 27–32 Read article
-
Design and Implementation of Low Noise Power Low and High Speed Three Stage Comparator Using 16nm Technology
Abstract: To meet the demands of quicker operation and reduced noise levels, this study proposes a new CMOS Three-based comparator version. Efficiency may be significantly improved by comparing the suggested model to existing ones. This is so because the suggested comparator would improve the efficiency of the current amplifier design. The suggested model drives the input pairs of the regenerator and the amplified stage, making for a quicker comparator. The structure …
Published in International Journal of VLSI Circuit Design & Technology · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 10–16 Read article