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619 articles for “Subtractive Synthesis”
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Solanum viarum Dunal: Ethnomedicinal Importance, Phytochemical Profile and Pharmacological Potential — A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Solanum viarum Dunal, commonly known as tropical soda apple or Sodom apple, is a medicinally important plant belonging to the family Solanaceae. The plant has been widely utilized in traditional medicine systems for the treatment of fever, cough, skin disorders, inflammation, gastrointestinal ailments, and microbial infections. The present review comprehensively summarizes the ethnomedicinal importance, phytochemical profile, pharmacological activities, and pharmaceutical significance of S. viarum. Literature reports indicate that the plant …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacognosy · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2026 Read article
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A Comparative Study of the Structure–Property Relationships in CAD/CAM Milled vs. 3D-Printed High-Performance Polymers: Impact of Molecular Orientation on Abrasive-Wear Resistance
Abstract: Background: The transition from subtractive to additive manufacturing in prosthetic dentistry has introduced significant variations in the macromolecular architecture of high-performance polymers. While CAD/CAM milling utilizes high-density, industrially polymerized blocks, 3D printing (Additive Manufacturing) relies on layer-by-layer deposition, which may induce anisotropic molecular orientation. This retrospective study investigates how these distinct manufacturing “thermal histories” influence the long-term abrasive-wear resistance of PEEK and PEKK restorations. Materials and Methods: Data were retrospectively …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 133–140 Read article
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Genesis of English Language with its Cybernetics Origin
Abstract: AbstractThis paper is looking into the genesis of the English language with its Cybernetics origins and hence looking into the possibilities of developing new techniques to be used in speech processing applications. As we all know, English is the third-most-spoken language in the world by a number of native speakers, which is used to create the present world, which is also a West Germanic language that was first spoken early …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 19–28 Read article
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Development of New Castable Al-Alloy-TiB2 Metal Matrix Composites
Abstract: There has been a constant drive for replacing monolithic aluminum alloys by aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs) in many industrial applications where high stiffness and high strength to weight ratio are required. The present paper describes a cost-effective route to produce Al-Alloy-10 wt % TiB2 metal matrix composites by in situ molten flux assisted reaction synthesis. In Situ LM25-TiB2 composite material prepared by reaction synthesis was cast into thick as …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 2, Issue 1-3, 2012 · pp. 65–70 Read article
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A Literature Review on Al-Si-TiB2 In-situ Metal Matrix Composites
Abstract: This review focuses on various aluminium alloys as matrix materials used for synthesis of in-situ metal matrix composites(MMCs) with different reinforcements like graphite, Al2O3, SiC, TiB2 and so on for their excellent characteristic properties. Taking their limitations into account, tailoring the physical, mechanical as well as wear properties of these composites with the use of appropriate type and amount of reinforcement along with optimum process parameters has also been investigated …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 7–19 Read article
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Preparation and Characterization of Multifunctional Ferrite Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Applications
Abstract: Ferrite is having both electrical and magnetic properties. Now a days it has importance as a technological material. A review of ferrite study regarding science and technology of ferrite by different scientists is presented in this paper. The history and applications of ferrites are explained by various illustrations. It gives an overview of ferrites as a nano particle. It presents a broad overview of ferrite research, from bulk to nanoscale …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 38–42 Read article
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Implementation of UART with CALBO
Abstract: The increasing growth of submicron technology has resulted in the difficulty of VLSI testing for designers who always look for simple and cost effective logic structure to realize a complex function. Thus Automatic Testing Equipment (ATE) is becoming costly process for testing. To reduce the cost of testing the chips, Built in Self-Test (BIST) has emerged as a cheaper alternative. BIST is a design technique that allows the chip to …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 6–12 Read article
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Design of a Multipurpose Ternary Arithmetic Circuit Using CNTFET
Abstract: AbstractIn this paper, a multipurpose ternary arithmetic circuit is presented for ternary processors based on carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFETs). Both addition and subtraction can be performed using same circuit’s configuration, which is the special feature of the proposed circuit. The combination of pseudo and complimentary logic structure are employed to blend the binary and ternary logic techniques. The propagation delay and power delay product are 139.5 pico second …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 13–24 Read article
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AMBA 3 AHB Lite Protocol design and verification
Abstract: As technology progresses, the amount of logic and transistors that can be packed on a device that runs an extreme integrated SoC design grows. The most significant feature of a SoC is its connectivity. In most SoCs, the AMBA (Advanced Microcontroller Bus Design) bus is the most often used on-chip bus design.AMBA was first introduced by ARM. The AMBA AHB-Lite synthesizable design meets the requirements of high-performance synthesizable designs. Because …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 47–55 Read article
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A Novel Design for Power Reduction in Arithmetic Circuits using MTCMOS Technology
Abstract: In CMOS logic circuits, the reduction in the threshold voltage due to voltage scaling leads to increase in the subthreshold leakage current and hence static power dissipation. Although power consumption is important for modern VLSI design, operation speed and occupied area are still the main requirements of the VLSI design. Multi threshold voltage CMOS (MTCMOS) technology is a good solution which provides a high performance and low-power design without any …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Design of 16-bit Pipelined RISC Processor
Abstract: This paper presents the design of efficient and high throughput 16-bit pipelined RISC Processor. The design is challenge with the pipelined stall problem, speed with external memory, coding density and clock frequency for cost effectiveness and higher performance processor design. Paper describes about the architecture, programming model, synthesis results and analysis of the design. The presented design has throughput ~167 MIPS at 500 MHz, which shows better performance at a …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 1-2-3, 2012 · pp. 32–37 Read article
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In-vitro assessment of plant growth promoting traits integrated with antagonistic activity of biosurfactant producing Bacillus species of oil contaminated soil
Abstract: Researchers are in search of microbial tools having plant growth promoting activity integrated to biosurfactant production potential to develop eco-friendly technique for sustainable agricultural. Presented study was undertaken to characterize the plant growth promoting activity of biosurfactant producing Bacillus species isolated from oil contaminated soil. Bacterial strains were identified as Bacillus licheniformis P1 and Bacillus velezensis P2, on the basis of morphological, biochemical and 16SrDNA gene sequence homology. Biosurfactant producing …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 30–34 Read article
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Anticancer, Bioactive, & Therapeutic Applications of Cannabinoids
Abstract: Cannabinoids, a complex class of lipophilic compounds found in Cannabis sativa L., are attracting significant clinical interest for their multifaceted therapeutic potential, particularly within oncology. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of contemporary knowledge detailing the distinct anti-cancer properties of phytocannabinoids (such as δ-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol), endogenous endocannabinoids, and synthetic analogues. Accumulating evidence from robust in vitro and in vivo oncological models demonstrates that these compounds aggressively suppress tumor progression …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 17–30 Read article
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Manganese Mercury Thiocyanate Doped Zirconium Silicate Crystal Structure for Photo-Electronic, Electro-Optic and Sensor Applications
Abstract: Manganese mercury thiocyanate is a well-known organometallic crystal prized for its nonlinear optical properties. The high second harmonic efficiency of nearly 18 times that of urea and the wide optical transmittance window (373–2250 nm) of MMTC indicate that this material is an excellent candidate for photonics device fabrication. The metal thiocyanates and their Lewis-base adducts are one of the interesting themes of structural chemistry. For MMTC is a very flexible …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Influence of Aeration on Biomass and Polyhydroxyalkanoate Accumulation in Priestia flexa JP1: A Foundation for Nano-Biomaterial Development
Abstract: Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are microbial polymers that have attracted substantial interest in recent times due to their use as biodegradable substitutes for petroleum-derived plastics and also as precursors for nano-enabled biomaterials. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of static and shaking culture conditions on growth kinetics, biomass formation, and PHA synthesis by Priestia flexa JP1. The bacterial strain was cultured in mineral salt media (MSM) at …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 42–50 Read article
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Recent Advances in Crystal Defect Engineering of Semiconductor Photocatalysts for Sustainable Environmental and Energy Applications
Abstract: Semiconductor photocatalysis has emerged as one of the most promising green technologies for addressing environmental pollution and global energy challenges through solar energy utilization. Nevertheless, the practical application of conventional semiconductor photocatalysts is often limited by their narrow visible-light absorption, rapid recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs, insufficient active sites, and poor charge-transfer efficiency. Defect engineering has recently attracted significant attention as an effective strategy to overcome these limitations by deliberately …
Published in International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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AI – Driven Smart Laboratory for Synthetic Organic Chemistry – A Literature Review
Abstract: The traditional chemistry laboratory is often subjective, time consuming and skill intensive that may lead to inconsistencies in the desired results. The advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its speedy incorporation into the field of chemistry is transforming traditional synthetic laboratories into intelligent, automated systems that combine hardware, software and AI into a unified framework. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of AI – driven laboratory setup for organic synthesis, …
Published in Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research & Advances · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 Read article
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Zeolite-Y Encapsulated Copper (II) and Cobalt (II) Species as Hybrid Nano-catalysts: Structural and Catalytic Aspects
Abstract: Special properties inherent to zeolites in facilitating the construction of novel upramolecular assemblies by encapsulation of guest molecules (metal complexes) into their large cages can be utilized to use these assembled materials as novel catalysts. These modified solids have the advantages of both behaving as the homogeneous and the heterogeneous catalytic system. In the present work, copper (II) and cobalt (II) complexes of 2-amino ethanoic acid (2-AEA) encapsulated in the …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis Read article
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Dye Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Extracted Natural Dyes and Synthetic Dyes with Nanocomposite Material
Abstract: Producing dye sensitised solar cells in their original colours required a number of different techniques. Plants and berries were used to extract these dyes. The DSSCs were manufactured by recycling the old dyes. It was clear that the efficiency of the power conversion was deteriorating. TiO2 mesoporous films' potential applications were also studied. This study employed electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to examine the interactions of natural dyes with TiO2. Bi2O3 nanoparticles …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites Read article
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Application of Sensor Effect on Chlorodiazepam of Polyaniline Doped Silver Nanocomposite
Abstract: In order to ease the creation of the polymeric nanocomposite known as PANI/Ag, pani-doped silver nanoparticles were oxidised chemically and then exposed to the oxidation process. Aniline with varying amounts of silver nanoparticles added to it can be used to make a nanocomposite known as PANI/Ag in an acid solution at room temperature by employing ammonium persulfate as the oxidising agent. This can be done by using aniline with different …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites Read article