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1260 articles for “CTLA-4”
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Machine Learning Assisted Optimization of Nanoscale MOSFET Parameters Using TCAD Simulation
Abstract: This paper presents a machine learning (ML) assisted framework for the multi-objective optimization of nanoscale bulk n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (nMOSFETs) with a 10 nm physical gate length, high-k HfO₂ gate dielectric, and TiN metal gate. Technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulations employing drift-diffusion transport, Shockley-Read-Hall recombination, Lombardi mobility degradation, and density- gradient quantum correction models are used to generate a parametric dataset of 2,400 device configurations spanning gate length (L), …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 10–19 Read article
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Striking the Right Balance: The Role of n-3/n-6 Fatty Acid Ratio in Health and Strategies for Dietary Improvement.
Abstract: The dietary balance between omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is crucial in modulating inflammation and promoting optimal physiological function. Modern diets, particularly in industrialized countries, are skewed heavily in favor of n-6 fatty acids, often reaching ratios as high as 1:20 or more, compared to the ideal range of 1:1 to 1:4. This imbalance is associated with the pathogenesis of numerous chronic diseases, including cardiovascular conditions, …
Published in International Journal of Nutritions · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Seroprevalence and Immunity to Dengue Virus Among Women in Punjab: A Public Health Concern
Abstract: Dengue virus (DENV) infection continues to be a public health concern in Punjab, India, where women are at higher risk because of socioeconomic factors. This cross-sectional study sought to assess the DENV seroprevalence, their neutralizing antibody profiles, and the risk factors associated with DENV among a sample of 1,200 women (aged 18–50 years) in Punjab. Serum samples were processed by IgG/IgM ELISA, and plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT90) were done …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 6–10 Read article
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Knowledge Production and Global Integration of Uganda’s Climate Change Research: A Scientometric Perspective
Abstract: This study provides a comprehensive scientometric analysis of climate change research originating from Uganda and indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection between 1974 and 2025. A total of 1,097 publications were identified, which collectively received 785 Total Local Citation Scores (TLCS) and 40,275 Total Global Citation Scores (TGCS).The temporal analysis reveals exponential growth in research productivity, with over 67% of total publications produced during 2020–2025, indicating accelerated scholarly …
Published in International Journal of Atmosphere · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 15–25 Read article
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Corn Husk Fiber–Reinforced PLA Biocomposites: Mechanical, Thermal, and Biodegradation Performance
Abstract: The increasing environmental burden caused by conventional petroleum-based plastics has driven significant interest in the development of sustainable polymer composites reinforced with renewable natural fibers. In the present work, corn husk fiber (CHF), an agricultural waste by-product, was utilized as a reinforcing phase in a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix to fabricate eco-friendly biocomposites. Composite samples with varying fiber loadings (0–40 wt.%) were produced through twin-screw melt blending followed by compression …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 312–327 Read article
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Consumer Awareness and Adoption Barriers of E-Pharmacy Services in Delhi/NCR: A Mixed-Methods Investigation
Abstract: Background: The rapid digitization of India's pharmaceutical market has positioned e-pharmacies as a transformative force; yet, consumer adoption remains significantly low despite growing awareness. Objectives: This study investigates consumer awareness levels, purchasing behaviors, trust perceptions, and adoption barriers regarding e-pharmacy services among urban Indian consumers. Methods: A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design was employed. Quantitative data were gathered via a structured questionnaire administered to 65 respondents in Delhi. Qualitative insights were …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Physicochemical Analysis of Oil Extracted from Raphia Sudanica Fruit Sold in Edu Local Government Area of Kwara State, North Central Nigeria
Abstract: Raphia sudanica, commonly called Raphia hookeri or bamboo palm fruit, is one of the most valuable species among known palm fruits found in Nigeria and is widespread in major parts of West Africa. In this study, oils extracted and analyzed from Raphia sudanica fruits (pulp and seed) revealed the respective physicochemical values; acid value (5.56, 6.10 mgKOH/g), peroxide value (2.44, 5.82 Meq/kg), iodine value (41.30, 68.10 gI₂/100 g), saponification value …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 67–75 Read article
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Unveiling Bihar's Atmospheric Crisis: A Synoptic Review of PM 2.5 Dynamics, Source Attribution, and Airshed Vulnerabilities in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain (Bihar)
Abstract: Bihar, situated in the pollution-trapping Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), faces a severe air pollution crisis characterized by annual PM2.5 concentrations of 80–100 μg m-3 exceeding WHO guidelines (5 μg m-3) and Indian NAAQS (40 μg m-3) by 4–6-fold. This review synthesizes data from CPCB/BSPCB monitoring, MODIS satellite retrievals, and peer-reviewed studies (2000–2025) to assess ambient air quality, sources, health impacts, policies, and research gaps in the state. PM2.5 and PM10 dominate, …
Published in International Journal of Pollution: Prevention & Control · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Polymer Composite-Supported Jackfruit Peel Adsorbent for Enhanced Copper (II) Removal from Wastewater: Batch Equilibrium and Isotherm Analysis
Abstract: The increasing concern of disposal of copper-containing effluents into the environment has led to heightened interest in designing cost-effective, eco-friendly and scalable adsorbent systems. Traditional metals and synthetically engineered sorbents prove to be effective; however, these systems are energy intensive. Agricultural residues entrapped in polymer composite systems constitute an economically feasible solution to this environmental challenge. This work reports on the design, characterization and performance evaluation of an economical adsorbent …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 375–390 Read article
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Structural Optimization of FDM-Processed ASA Polymer Frames through Acetone Solvent Welding, Variable Infill Strategy, and Layer Orientation: Experimental Validation via Quadcopter Flight Testing
Abstract: Acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA) is an amorphous terpolymer with superior UV resistance compared to acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), as its acrylate rubber phase lacks photodegradation-prone carbon–carbon double bonds. This study proposes acetone solvent welding as a polymer joining method to produce monolithic structures from FDM-processed ASA components, addressing three processing challenges: achieving structural continuity through polymer chain interdiffusion at solvent-wetted interfaces, correcting thermal warping via post-print geometric correction during welding, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 689–703 Read article
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Polymer Encapsulants for Photovoltaic Modules: Electrical Insulation Performance and Long-Term Durability under Accelerated UV Exposure
Abstract: Influence on the reliability and service life of PV modules is a major issue, which is influenced by the encapsulant degradation in long-term exposure to the sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation. A systematic accelerated UV aging study of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), Polyolefin Elastomer (POE), and Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) films under IEC 61215-2:2021 specified test chamber conditions of Q-UV is conducted. The material properties were tested at various exposure intervals including …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 384–408 Read article
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Structural Performance Evaluation of Circular Perforated Plates under Mechanical Loading
Abstract: Circular perforated plates are structurally critical components in aerospace, automotive, and marine sectors, where perforation-induced stress concentrations govern failure under mechanical loading. This study conducts a systematic finite element analysis of stress distribution, deformation, and interlaminar behavior in aluminum and glass-epoxy laminates ([−45/45/90/0]S and [−45/45/90/0]AS) under uniform transverse pressure with clamped-free boundary conditions. Four perforation configurations—no hole, central hole, single-series, and 25-hole grid—were evaluated using ANSYS Shell-181, verified against Kirchhoff–Love, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 1–20 Read article
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Design and Evaluation of Thermo-Responsive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-Based Polymeric Nanoparticles for Temperature-Triggered Intratumoral Release of Doxorubicin in Solid Tumors
Abstract: Thermo-responsive polymeric systems have emerged as promising platforms for targeted intratumoral drug delivery in cancer therapy. This study aimed to develop and evaluate poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)-based polymeric nanoparticles as intelligent carriers for temperature-responsive delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) to solid tumors. Nanoparticles were synthesized via free radical polymerization using N-isopropylacrylamide as a thermoresponsive monomer and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker, forming a stable network with a tunable lower critical solution temperature (LCST).The optimized …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 159–168 Read article
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Enhanced Mechanical Properties of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Composite Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes and Nano hydroxyapatite
Abstract: Magnesium alloys represent a novel category of biodegradable materials, offering numerous advantages in addressing the limitations associated with conventional biomedical materials. Magnesium-based metallic biomaterials offer a promising solution for fixing fractures, ensuring effective treatment without the inconvenience of subsequent implant removal procedures. In the present work, AZ31 Mg-alloy was chosen as the base material. Five specimens were meticulously fabricated, each varying in weight percentages of reinforcement materials: 0wt%, 0.5wt%, 1wt%, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 206–217 Read article
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Chlorophyll-Mimicking Ti₃C₂Tₓ MXene-Conjugated Polymer Nanocomposites: Nature-Inspired Exciton Funneling Architecture for Ultrahigh Photon-to-Electron Conversion in Organic Solar Cells
Abstract: Green plant photosynthetic machinery is one of the most efficient natural systems for harvesting solar energy and converting it into useable electronic charge. Specifically, chlorophyll molecules in the Light-Harvesting Complex II (LHC-II) achieve nearly unity quantum yield via a well-organized Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) mechanism that enables excitons to migrate towards reaction centers. This study presents a bio-inspired nanocomposite architecture using two-dimensional Ti₃C₂Tₓ MXene nanosheets functionalized with chlorophyll-mimicking porphyrin …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 114–130 Read article
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ASSESSING OF FOREST STRUCTURE USING EARTH OBSERVATION DATA: ACASE STUDY IN MUNESSA FOREST, OROMIA REGION, ETHIOPIA
Abstract: Forest structure is essential for estimating forest-related carbon emissions, analyzing forest degradation, and quantifying the effectiveness of forest restoration initiatives. However, forest structure quantification is only limited to the specific area of interest without considering the whole forest coverage. Remote sensing data can easily deliver a large area to assess forest structure. Therefore, this study aims to assess forest structure of Munessa Natural Forest by integrating satellite based light detection …
Published in International Journal of Land Read article
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Effect of Surface Modification on Properties of Kevlar/Epoxy Polymer Composites
Abstract: In this study, a high-performance Kevlar/epoxy polymer composite was prepared using a hand lay-up technique. The Kevlar fiber was treated with calcium chloride/ethanol solution (CaCl2/EtOH) to enhance the interfacial interaction between the fiber and the epoxy matrix. The optimization of fiber surface treatment and fiber content for the best tensile strength (TS) of Kevlar/epoxy polymer composite was achieved using Box-Behnken design (BBD) through response surface methodology (RSM). Three parameters: CaCl2 …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 35–46 Read article
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Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Multi-Objective Optimization of Agricultural Biomass-Reinforced Polymer Composites
Abstract: Agricultural biomass can reduce the environmental burden of polymer composites, yet its heterogeneous structure creates competing effects on strength, moisture resistance, density, and process ability. This study developed an artificial intelligence-assisted framework for balanced composite formulation. Experimental data of agricultural biomass reinforced polymer composites were gathered, harmonized and validated using leakage controlled validation. The mechanical and physical properties were predicted by artificial neural networks and conventional regression models. Explainable analysis …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 Read article
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Thermal Performance Analysis and Optimization of Pin-Fin Heat Sink Using CFD, Taguchi Method, and Machine Learning
Abstract: Efficient thermal management is essential for improving the performance and reliability of modern engineering systems and electronic devices. This study presents the design, simulation, and optimization of a pin-fin heat sink using SolidWorks for three-dimensional modeling and ANSYS for thermal and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. Four different pin-fin geometries, namely square, pentagon, octagon, and circular fins, are considered to evaluate their thermal performance under varying operating conditions. Aluminum is …
Published in Trends in Mechanical Engineering & Technology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Evaluation of Chemical Application as Pilot to Improve Oil Production from High Viscous Oil in Sandstone Reservoir
Abstract: Chemical injection stimulation is one of worldwide proven technologies for viscosity reduction and mobility enhancement. The principle mechanism is to reduce heavy oil viscosity by injecting of active chemical agent solution into reservoir as huff and buff practice, the agent solution is act at near wellbore area by remove plugging of heavy organic material, Energy support due to large quantity of stimulation liquid being injected into the formation, viscosity reduction …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology Read article