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91 articles for “substrate temperature”
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Tuning the physical properties of spray pyrolysed nanocrystalline CdO thin films by varying the substrate temperature
Abstract: Spray pyrolysis technique has been employed to deposit cadmium oxide (CdO) thin films on glass substrates preheated to different temperatures (250, 350, 400 and 500°C). Structural, morphological, optical and electrical characterization studies were performed on the films to study the behavior of the films. The thicknesses of the films prepared at different substrate temperatures vary from 497 to 465 nm. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the films are polycrystalline exhibiting …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 31–41 Read article
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Studies on Nanostructured Nickel Thin Film Coatings Deposited using Pulsed DC Magnetron Sputtering Process
Abstract: The purpose of this research work is to investigate the mechanical properties of nickel thin film. The nickel thin films were coated on glass substrate using pulse PDC power supply magnetron sputtering process in argon atmosphere. The effect of substrate temperature, effect of duty cycle and mechanical properties of nickel thinfilms has been presented in this paper. Coating deposited with substrate temperature at 250°C, had lower surface roughness (Ra<3 nm) …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 8–14 Read article
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Optimization of Direct Ink Writing Process Parameters for Liquid Silicone Rubber/TiO2 Composite Ink
Abstract: The purpose of this research is to develop and optimize the Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR)/Titanium Dioxide (TiO₂) composite inks in Direct Ink Writing (DIW)-based 3D printing systems. The primary research objective was to use enhancement of mechanical, rheological, and dielectric characteristics of LSR using TiO₂ reinforcement but still retain extrusion stability and dimensional consistency. TiO₂ content (0, 5, 10, and 15 wt%) and catalyst and glycerol ratios were regulated and …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 240–259 Read article
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Detailed Study On Physical Properties Of Silicon Nitride Films Deposited By Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition System
Abstract: Amorphous silicon nitride films have been deposited by radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) technique using silane (SiH4) and ammonia (NH3) as source gases. Investigations have been made in detail to understand the influence of process parameters such as RF power, substrate temperature, gas flow ratio, working pressure etc, on the optical, electrical and surface properties in order to obtain dielectric Si3N4 films for semiconductor device applications. Amorphous …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Study of CdS/AZO/FTO, CdS/FTO and CdS Thin Films Deposited by Modified Double Layer Thermal Evaporation
Abstract: The CdS/AZO/FTO, CdS/FTO and CdS thin films were deposited by a modified double-layer vacuum evaporation technique. The 90 nm of double-layer CdS thin films were prepared with the bottom layer 50 nm thick and the upper one was 40 nm thick and respective substrate temperatures were 100oC and 70oC. The physical properties of thus prepared films were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer, Hall Effect Measurement System and Scanning …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 56–63 Read article
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Green Synthesis of Carbon quantum dots for applications in nanomedicine,flexible bioelectronics
Abstract: Nanotechnology has been advancing to the fabrications of new materials with unique properties. A unique property that is size dependent to emerging nanomaterial attracts the synthesis and manipulations of matter at nanoscale. Nanomaterial comprises of nanoparticles, nanowires, nano composites, nano discs, nanostars, nano flowers, nano rods, and quantum dots. The structures and shape of these nanomaterials depends on synthesis methods, substrate temperature, concentrations and stimulus. In this research, emphasis is …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 18–29 Read article
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Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms of Proteases in Bioprocessing: A Review on the Future of the Food Industry
Abstract: Proteases are enzymes that break down proteins through peptide bond catalysis. A protease is a single polypeptide chain of some 250 amino acids and is devoid of sulfhydryl groups. The COOH-terminal tryptic peptide of the protease molecule contains some 43 residues. Because of this unique structure and mechanism, they play a crucial role in the Bioprocessing industry, especially in food processing applications. Herein, the sources of proteases are discussed as …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 17–25 Read article
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BIOCHEMICAL AND KINETICS STUDIES ON PROTEASE ENZYME ISOLATED FROM AYURVEDIC HERBS ALONG WITH THEIR APPLICATION STUDIES
Abstract: The objective of the present work was to conduct comprehensive biochemical and kinetic analysis of a protease enzyme extracted from two Ayurvedic herbs, namely Shankhpushpi (Convolvulus prostratus) and Mulethi (Glycyrrhiza glabra). The primary focus was to characterize various biochemical aspects of the enzyme, encompassing substrate specificity, optimal pH and temperature conditions, stability, and activation energy. Furthermore, crucial kinetic parameters such as Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) and maximum reaction velocity (Vmax) were …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 21–37 Read article
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Experimentally New Technique System to Measure Contact Angle of Metal/Melt System in Simple Way
Abstract: In this research, easy and new technique system to measure contact angle of metals/metals systemwas introduced. The new technique system used a simple component in direct procedure to foundcontact angle of solder on metals substrate in wide range of drops volumes. Solder was applied intoaluminum and copper substrate metals using control heating temperature of the substrate. Then, theresults were analyzed by image J program to know the accuracy of the …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 38–43 Read article
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Development and Thermal-Soiling Performance Evaluation of Boron-Nitride Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposite Coatings for Solar Photovoltaic Applications
Abstract: Surface heating, dust buildup, and weakening triggered by ultraviolet (UV) light all have a vast effect on the long-term performance of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules. These issues all lower power conversion efficiency in real-world open-air circumstances. A nanocomposite coating built on fluoropolymer (FEP) that is reinforced with hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanoparticles is invented by this study to enhance thermal dissipation, optical transmission, and resistance to dirt at the same …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 218–223 Read article
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Zeolite-Y Encapsulated Copper (II) and Cobalt (II) Species as Hybrid Nano-catalysts: Structural and Catalytic Aspects
Abstract: Special properties inherent to zeolites in facilitating the construction of novel upramolecular assemblies by encapsulation of guest molecules (metal complexes) into their large cages can be utilized to use these assembled materials as novel catalysts. These modified solids have the advantages of both behaving as the homogeneous and the heterogeneous catalytic system. In the present work, copper (II) and cobalt (II) complexes of 2-amino ethanoic acid (2-AEA) encapsulated in the …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis Read article
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Recent research trends in Bioethanol production – An Indian context
Abstract: Biofuels production is indeed a research hotspot. Prevention is better than cure. A paradigm shift from fossil based to bio-based fuels gives health, wealth and happiness. Among various biofuels, after biodiesel, bioethanol is next to and close to commercialization. The use of bioethanol is countries like Brazil and US is a success story. In India there is significant progress taking place in the transportation sector to use bioethanol as fuel …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Zeolite-Y Encapsulated Copper (II) and Cobalt (II) Species as Hybrid Nano-catalysts: Structural and Catalytic Aspects
Abstract: Special properties inherent to zeolites in facilitating the construction of novel supramolecular assemblies by encapsulation of guest molecules (metal complexes) into their large cages can be utilized to use these assembled materials as novel catalysts. These modified solids have the advantages of both behaving as the homogeneous and the heterogeneous catalytic system. In the present work, copper (II) and cobalt (II) complexes of 2-amino ethanoic acid (2-AEA) encapsulated in the …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 19–32 Read article
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Production and Characterization of Thermostable Amylase Produced from Spore Former Thermophilic Bacilli Isolated and Screened from Teff (Eragrostis teff) Starch Rich Soil
Abstract: There is a need to isolate and screen amylase-producing bacilli bacteria from soil rich in content of teff starch at high temperature environment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate and screen amylase-producing bacilli isolates and characterization of their optimal amylase activities. Amylase-producing bacilli were isolated and their enzymes characterized. Effect of temperature, pH, substrate and salt concentration were determined. All isolates have clear zone over 15 mm …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Optimization of Bio-surfactant Production by Solid State Fermentation using Response Surface Methodology
Abstract: Optimization of bio—surfactant production was carried out. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used as a statistical optimization tool for the same. Potato peel, an agricultural residue was utilized as the solid state fermentation (SSF) media, which served as both carbon and nitrogen sources. A 25 full factorial central composite experimental design was employed followed by the analysis of variance. The variable factors were Time (days), Temperature (°C), pH, Substrate amount …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Food Science & Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 21–32 Read article
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New trends in Radio Frequency design and making things smaller
Abstract: Recent improvements in wireless communication, the Internet of Things (IoT), and 5G/6G networks have made people want small, powerful radio frequency (RF) equipment. With an emphasis on how developments in materials engineering, circuit architecture, and packaging technologies are redefining RF system integration, this article offers a thorough evaluation of current developments in RF downsizing. System-on-Chip (SoC), System-in-Package (SiP), and Antenna-in-Package (AiP) ideas, which allow tightly integrated RF front-ends with enhanced …
Published in International Journal of Radio Frequency Innovations · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 28–34 Read article
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Chemical Simulation for Determining Total Fungi in a Water Environment
Abstract: This research focuses on using chemical simulation methods to determine the Total Fungi available in a water environment. The water type investigated was the fresh and salt water environment. Total Heterotrophic Fungi (THF) were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, mucor sp, penicillium sp, Aspergillus sp, lomentospora sp, Fusarium sp, collecttrichum sp, cladosporium sp, Trichoderma sp and Rhizopus sp for both fresh water and salt water environment. The effect of the fungi …
Published in Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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THE THICKNESS EFFECT ON TiO 2 THIN FILMS FABRICATED BY USING SOL- GEL DIP COATING METHOD
Abstract: Titanium dioxide films were prepared by sol-gel dip-coating technique onto glass substrates at room temperature. The study focuses on the structural pattern of TiO 2 films which were dominated by the parameters such as the film thickness, pH, annealing temperature and number of dipping layers. At first the dipping speed is optimized with the refractive index of the film along with the number of dipping layers. Then the film deposited …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Purificaton and Characterization of Laccase from White-rot Fungi Ganoderma sp.
Abstract: The main objective of this project is to characterize and purify the laccase (benzenediol: oxygen oxidoreductase) enzyme from white-rot fungi Ganoderma sp. The enzymes is purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and dialysis and further purified by column chromatography. This laccase is run on SDS-PAGE and molecular mass is determined. Finally physico-chemical properties like optimum pH; temperature, inhibition and substrate specificity of purified enzyme is also studied.
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2011 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Biochemical and Kinetic Investigations of Partially Purified Thermostable Acid Phosphatases from Solanum tuberosum and Citrus limonium
Abstract: Biochemical and kinetic properties of partially purified thermostable acid phosphatases from Solanum tuberosum and Citrus limonium involving ammonium sulphate fractionation have been investigated. The maximum specific activity in Solanum tuberosum and Citrus limonium was found in 40–80% (ACP I) and 0–40% (ACP II) fractions, respectively. The specific activities of ACP I and ACP II were 46.01 and 48.00 units mg − 1 with Km values of 1.00 and 2.50 mM, …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2012 · pp. 1–10 Read article