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106 articles for “bit rate”
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Analysis of Low Bit Rate Audio Compression System using Linear Predictive Coding
Abstract: Abstract The point of the task is to build up a framework for encoding great quality discourse at a low bit rate. To execute this, we have utilized the most dominant discourse investigation system called Linear Predictive Coding (LPC). It utilizes tenth request Levinson-Durbin Recursion calculation to achieve the errand. It gives amazingly exact evaluations of discourse parameters and is moderately effective for computation. The discourse flag of guys and …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Estimation of Dulling Rate and Bit Tooth Wear Using Drilling Parameters and Rock Abrasiveness
Abstract: Optimisation of the drilling operations is becoming increasingly important as it can significantly reduce the oil well development cost. One of the major objectives in oil well drilling is to increase the penetration rate by selecting the optimum drilling bit based on offset wells data, and adjust the drilling factors to keep the bit in good condition during the operation. At the same time it is important to predict the …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 1–20 Read article
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Bit Error Rate Reduction in DWT-OFDM Systems using a Novel Error Correction Scheme
Abstract: Proposed Error Correction scheme has been implemented on Discrete Wavelet Transform based Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DWT-OFDM) system using simulations by MATLAB. The Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of the proposed system has been studied in terms of signal to noise ratio (Eb/No). The proposed system has been examined under Additive White Gaussian Noise Channel (AWGN), and it has been compared with the ½ rate convolution encoded DWT-OFDM. Further, the …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Comparison of Bit Error Rate and Interleaver in Coding Scheme
Abstract: The powerful channel coding schemes, namely, those based on turbo codes with different type of interleaver design and iterative scheme of decoding. The Shannon’s predictions to optimal codes would imply random like codes and intuitively implying that the decoding operation on these codes would be prohibitively complex in nature. A brief comparison of Turbo codes with different type interleaver will be given in this section, both in term of actual …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Study The Effect on Bit Error Rate (BER) for Elevated Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) in IOT Based Systems Using Cooperative Communication
Abstract: AbstractCooperative communication is the future of wireless and mobile communication. The diversity antenna technology that can be utilized by cooperative communication can improve the quality of the signal received by a mobile. The mobile nodes can further improve signal quality by using multiple input multiple output systems. The cooperative communication is the best way to increase the availability of signals which has become very difficult after restrictions on the establishment …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 8–14 Read article
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Smart Antenna System: An Overview
Abstract: An antenna in a telecommunications system is the device through which radio frequency (RF) energy is coupled from the transmitter to the free space in the transmission mode and from free space to the receiver in the receiving mode. Smart antenna system is the one of the most rapidly developing technologies mostly used in mobile communication and provides the faster bit rate, multi-use interference, space division multiplexing (SDMA), increase in …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 19–22 Read article
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Millimeter Wave Modulation for 5G Communication
Abstract: The universal bandwidth shortage for providing high data rate in gigabit per second has motivated the study of Underutilized millimeter wave band. It provides frequency spectrum for future fifth generation mobile communication networks. Propagation of millimeter wave in environment is affected by atmospheric conditions like rain, fog, cloud etc. and it is mostly affected due to presence of rain and rate of rainfall. Our objective is to develop modulation technique …
Published in Recent Trends in Electronics Communication Systems · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 31–36 Read article
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Inter-satellite Optical Wireless Communication (IsOWC) System Design: A Study
Abstract: AbstractLaser communication links in space are attractive alternatives to present day microwave links. Space communication as employed in satellite to satellite link is traditionally performed using microwaves. High capacity inter-satellite communication crosslinks will permit more efficient and more reliable operation of future satellite systems. The mass, power consumption and size of optical transceiver module will be smaller than that of a microwave transceiver. On the other hand, inter-satellite communication is …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 20–24 Read article
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A NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF OPTICAL RECEIVER PERFORMANCE OF WDM SIGNALS IN A PON
Abstract: This work presents MATLAB 7.9 model of wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) communication system for evaluating the performance of optical receiver simulation of WDM-PON (passive optical network). This paper attempts to focus on eliminating the channel internal noise due to number of users at different noise power levels, iterations, values of BER (bit error rate) and error count within time elapsed in seconds. Optical communication systems have good speed, accuracy and …
Published in Recent Trends in Electronics Communication Systems · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 21–24 Read article
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Hybrid Beamforming Strategies for mm-wave Massive MIMO System
Abstract: Hybrid analog and digital beamforming (HBF) has emerged as a compelling solution for millimetre-wave (mm-wave) communication systems, addressing the need for efficient beamforming while minimizing hardware costs and power consumption. We optimise HBF for mm-wave Massive MIMO systems in the present article. Using the Spectral efficiency and bit rate error as the performance metrics to assess transmission reliability. To reduce computational complexity, we introduce a low-complexity singular value decomposition and …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 22–28 Read article
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Analysis of a Communication Link Performance Across Various Rayleigh Channels in Tropical Climates
Abstract: Tropical regions are characterized by intense and persistent rainfall throughout most of the year, and this environmental condition significantly influences wireless communication performance. The continuous presence of heavy precipitation weakens, scatters, and disrupts radio frequency signals, causing noticeable attenuation during transmission from the source to the destination. As a result, reliable communication becomes challenging, particularly for modern high-speed systems such as 5G networks. To address this limitation and enhance communication …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 06–12 Read article
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Comparison Between Reed–Solomon and BCH Code with Various Modulation Schemes Over Coding Gain and Coding Rate
Abstract: The main objective of this research paper is to make a comparison between the performance of Reed-Solomon (RS) and Bose–Chaudhuri–Hocquenghem (BCH) codes across different modulation schemes concerning coding gain and coding rate within an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel system, while maintaining a constant transmission bandwidth. In this paper bit error rate (BER) versus signal/noise (S/N) performance of a Simulink model is validated with MATLAB results for a RS …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 32–50 Read article
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Perfluorinated Composites for Optical Fiber Development for Optical Communications
Abstract: Free Space Optical (FSO) communication is a new generation of high-speed technology that utilizes light as the carrier to transfer information through free space, e.g., air, outer space, and vacuum. In comparison with traditional systems of communication, FSO offers a wonderful bandwidth advantage with less cost and ease of installation. This study compares the performance of two other FSO systems using advanced polymer composites such as Perfluorinated polymers in designing …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 661–674 Read article
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Effect of Improvement of Collapsible Soils with Bitumen Emulsions on Collapsibility Rate for Varying Degrees of Saturation
Abstract: Collapsible soils are one of many problematic soils in Iraq. Many foundation failure problems that occurred in Iraq are associated with percolation of water; the change in the degree of saturation can affect the stability of these soils and may encounter large volumetric change. A series of tests conducted on collapsible soil using oedometer apparatus and the settlement–time curves are determined accurately, then each test is determined to a different …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 63–74 Read article
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BER Performance Analysis of MIMO With and Without Beamforming and Relaying Techniques
Abstract: The exponential surge in data traffic within contemporary communication systems has given rise to a challenge: a shortage in system information rates. To address these pressing issues, large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques have emerged as a promising solution. These advanced techniques not only enhance energy efficiency but also optimize spectrum performance, positioning themselves as a pivotal cornerstone for the forthcoming evolution of wireless communication systems. In wireless communication systems, fading …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Comparative Analysis of OOK and M-ary PPM Modulation Technique over Exponentiated Weibull Distribution under Different Turbulence Regime
Abstract: In this paper, the Exponentiated Weibull distribution has been investigated for different turbulence regime considering the aperture averaging at the receiver. The comparative analysis of modulation technique (on-off keying and pulse position modulation) has been presented for different aperture size under weak, moderate, and strong turbulence regime. The closed form of expression of bit error rate (BER) has been numerically derived from the cumulative distribution function (CDF) using the Gauss- …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 7–12 Read article
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Simulative Investigation of RoF and FSO Based Hybrid Network with Different Types of Fibers
Abstract: Free-Space Optics (FSO) is a communication network in which free space work as a channel between transceivers and uses line-of-sight technology and it uses a laser to deliver optical bandwidth association. At present, the FSO system is able for transmission of data, audio and video messages through the environment, permission for optic connectivity not having need of fiber optic cable or protecting spectrum licenses. FSO network can operate over distances …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Homogeneous Video Transcoding Functions for High-Efficiency Video Coding
Abstract: High-efficiency video coding (HEVC) is the successor of H.264/AVC and it gives the higher compression ratio and high quality video than H.264. But, HEVC increases the computational complexity of video coding due to its flexible quad tree partitioning structure. Transcoding algorithms are very much required to associate the HEVC standard into real applications. Homogeneous video transcoding is used for conversion between the same video formats. A higher quality video at …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 32–36 Read article
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Experimental Evaluation and Optimization of Dry Drilling Parameters of Stainless Steel Using Different Drill Bit
Abstract: Drilling is one of the widely used in machining processes for various purposes. Stainless steel is frequently used in automotive, aircraft and aerospace and dies or mold industries, home appliances, medical and electrical equipment, but machining of stainless steel is difficult due to high tensile strength, high ductility, low heat conductivity and high fracture toughness. The cutting temperature at drill tool-chip interface affects drill hole quality, lowers the tool life, …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 43–48 Read article
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Design of Hybrid SAC-OCDMA FSO System Using Zero Cross Correlation Code
Abstract: Spectral amplitude coding (SAC)-optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) being an ensuring advancement gives satisfactory response for burst and asynchronous environment. While free space optics (FSO) transfer information from one place to another at high speed where other systems are hard to reach. This paper offers and endeavors to dissect the performance of the system (SAC-OCDMA) through diverse environment conditions in FSO channel utilizing Zero cross correlation code having bit …
Published in Journal of Open Source Developments · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 5–11 Read article