Search
26 articles for “Toluene”
-
Study of Molecular Interaction in Organic Ternary Liquid Mixtures Containing Toluene
Abstract: Abstract : Interactions of N, N-dimethylformamide with Cyclohexane and Toluene play an important role in their conformational characteristics. The study of these interactions provides an important insight into the ternary mixture. Through this research work, I make an attempt to study the molecular interactions among the constituent molecules at temperatures 288, 298, 308 and 318 K. From these experimental values, various parameters like adiabatic compressibility, free length, acoustic impedance, surface …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 13–16 Read article
-
Optimization of Process Parameters for Isopropylation of Toluene over Modified Zeolite using Response Surface Methodology
Abstract: Vapor-phase isopropylation of toluene with isopropanol has been investigated in a fixed-bed flow reactor under atmospheric pressure using N2 carrier gas over Cerium modified 13X zeolite catalyst. The main product of this alkylation reaction was p-cymene followed by meta-isomer, while ortho-cymene was negligibly formed. Response surface methodology was used to study the combined effects of temperature, reactant molar ratio and space time on the conversion of toluene and selectivity of …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 22–30 Read article
-
Development of bio-based foam from Ximenia americana seed oil polyol: Studies on the effect of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) on some properties of the foam
Abstract: Polyurethane foam is a very important and valuable industrial product. In this study, polyol synthesized from Ximenia americana seed oil was used in the production of bio-based polyurethane foam. Different amounts (2mL, 4mL, 6mL, 8mL and 10mL) of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) were used in the formulation of the foams, and the effect of the varied amount of TDI was investigated by studying the foams’ properties such as the density, tensile …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 5–11 Read article
-
Thermodynamic Analysis of Cascaded Organic Rankine Cycle for Optimizing Thermal Efficiency
Abstract: AbstractPower cycles converting medium temperature heat (~300°C) into electricity using working fluids like toluene, benzene etc. result in vacuum on condenser side operating near ambient temperatures. To overcome this, two stage cascaded power cycle is proposed with toluene in the top cycle and R- 245fa as a bottom cycle working fluid. In this scheme, condensation heat of toluene is used as a heat source for R- 245fa. A realistic analysis …
Published in Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 30–35 Read article
-
Diesel Adulteration Detection Using Gaseous Vapor Emission
Abstract: Diesel adulteration is the illegal or unauthorized introduction of foreign substances into pure diesel,causing the product to not conform to the requirements and specifications for use in the Oil and GasIndustry. Current methods to detect diesel adulteration require chemical laboratory experiments tomeasure parameters such as density, API gravity, viscosity, flash point, and evaporation point. Thesemethods require specialized, expensive equipment and cannot be utilized be quickly and readilyemployed at point of …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 69–76 Read article
-
The Influence of Fresh Raffia Palm Trunk on the Bioremediation of Oil-Based Drill
Abstract: This study determines the effect of fresh raffia palm for biodegradation of oil-based drill cuttings bioremediation. The experiment was conducted at the rivers institute of Agricultural research and training (RIART) located at the Rivers State University, Port Harcourt. Samples of oil-based drill cuttings were bulked in eleven reactors with four replications (T1, T2, T3-T11). The physiochemical properties of the initial drill cuttings were analyzed. Also, the physiochemical properties of the …
Published in International Journal of Pollution: Prevention & Control · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 41–48 Read article
-
Quantitative Mass Balance Modelling for the Synthesis and Production of Ten High-Volume Insecticides
Abstract: This study presents a detailed quantitative mass balance analysis for the industrial synthesis and production of ten high-volume insecticides: acequinocyl, acetamiprid, acynonapyr, alpha-cypermethrin, benzpyrimoxan, bifenazate, bifenthrin, bistrifluron, broflanilide, and bromofos, focusing on material flows, process efficiencies, and environmental implications. These compounds, spanning diverse chemical classes like neonicotinoids, pyrethroids, and meta-diamides, are essential for crop protection but pose challenges due to resource-intensive syntheses and waste generation. For each insecticide, standardized manufacturing …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 16, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 36–55 Read article
-
An Experimental Study of Spherical Agglomeration of Benzoic acid And Influence of Process Parameters
Abstract: Through the process of drowning-out crystallisation in three partly miscible solvent mixtures, sphere aggregates of benzoic crystal have been successfully created. The mixture of benzoic acid, isopropyl alcohol, and bridging liquid is supplied to an agitated crystallizer with water acting as the anti-solvent. When a substance crystallises, little crystals are formed, and the bridging liquid causes the crystals to group together. Different solvents are utilised because benzoic acid crystals wettably …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 19–28 Read article
-
Catalytic Performance of Fe Modified Zeolite Beta for Synthesis of Xylene
Abstract: The catalytic performance of metal exchanged zeolite for the synthesis of xylene was determined in the present investigation. The experiments were carried out for alkylation of toluene with methanol over Fe modified zeolite beta for the production of xylene in a plug flow reactor. Modification of zeolite beta with Fe brings significant increase in the activity of catalyst and selectivity of the product xylene. A time on stream study showed …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 27–34 Read article
-
Effects of Sub Chronic Dermal Exposure of Gasoline Blended with Varying Concentration of Benzene on Hepatic Mixed Function Oxidases in Rats
Abstract: Interaction of chemicals in a mixture, their biotransformation and adverse impact, if any, on environment and workroom atmosphere needs to be evaluated to identify the nature of potential toxic effects elicited by constituent chemical(s) in a mixture. The nature of chemical interaction(s) through which an individual chemical in a mixture undergoes metabolism and/or biotransformation in the target tissue could be helpful in evaluation of its toxic potential. Gasoline is a …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2013 · pp. 1–5 Read article
-
THE REGULATORY ROLE OF FOOD SPICES AGAINST LIPID PEROXIDATION IN MEAT PRODUCTS
Abstract: Spices are plant-based materials used for enhancing the flavor, taste and aroma of meat and have been employed in cooking and meat processing for many decade. Interestingly, some of these spices have found relevance in meat preservation as they not only enhance the flavor and taste of meat product but can also reduce meat spoilage. One of the major causes of meat spoilage outside those induced by microbes is Lipid …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Food Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 21–25 Read article
-
A Study on Solvent Interaction and Thermal Transport of β-Carotene
Abstract: β-carotene, a prominent compound of carrot pigments having a non-polar nature consisting of conjugated double bonds, plays a vital role in human health as a biological antioxidant and a precursor of vitamin A. In addition, it is also responsible for being a multicolored agent in various plant species and extensively employed in food colorants. This has centered attention on β-carotene nowadays. For the extraction of β-carotene, we used the most …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 847–855 Read article
-
HPTLC Method Development and Validation for Rabeprazole Sodium in Pharmaceutical Formulation
Abstract: Background: The most common medication for acid related disorders stands as Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) Rabeprazole Sodium. The pharmaceutical formulations require essential quality control of Rabeprazole Sodium through reliable analytical methods to maintain reliability. HPTLC provides a cost-effective rapid method for drug quantification compared to conventional HPLC methods so how HPTLC stands as an appropriate method for drug determination. Objective: The emphasis of this research project involves developing and validating …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 18–24 Read article
-
Selective Recovery of Valuable Chemicals from Tire Pyrolysis Oil: A Sustainable Approach
Abstract: The generation of waste/scrap/end-of-life tires (ELTs) poses severe environmental challenges globally. For the disposal of huge numbers of ELTs (generated every year) using conventional recycling methods, like as landfill or incineration, are not preferred due to their adverse environmental impacts. To overcome this problem, an alternative and promising technology is developed -the pyrolysis of waste tires. Pyrolysis is a thermochemical process that decomposes organic materials (Rubber Hydrocarbons) in the absence …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 31–43 Read article
-
Synthesis, Production, and Mass Balance Analysis of Ten High-Volume Herbicides
Abstract: Herbicides play a crucial role in modern agriculture, enabling effective weed management and safeguarding crop yields amid rising global food demands and growing weed resistance, which can reduce productivity by up to 40%. This study provides a detailed examination of synthesis pathways, production methodologies, and mass balance dynamics for ten high-volume herbicides: Aclonifen, Ametryn, Amidosulfuron, Aminocyclopyrachlor, Aminopyralid, Atrazine, Azimsulfuron, Beflubutamid, Bensulfuron Methyl, and Bentazone, used to control broadleaf weeds, grasses, …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 30–44 Read article
-
Catalytic Trends of OsO4 for the Taurine-Bromamine-T Redox System: Kinetic and Mechanistic Chemistry of Catalyzed and Uncatalyzed Reactions
Abstract: Taurine (2-ethane aminosulfonic acid) facilitates as a building block for protein synthesis, also possessing various other vital biological functions. Literature survey revealed that there was no report available on the oxidation of taurine with any oxidants from its kinetic, mechanistic and catalytic aspects. A detailed comparative mechanistic study of its Os(VIII) catalyzed and uncatalyzed oxidation kinetics by bromamine-T (BAT) in NaOH medium at 313 K revealed the rate law to …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 5–19 Read article
-
Evaluation of the Properties of Sugarcane Bagasse Composites
Abstract: Many of the researches are ongoing towards these natural fibre composites in order to replace few materials like plastic and ceramics. In this work we have focused on the preparation of a polymer matrix composite using sugarcane bagasse fibre which intern helpful to study regarding its mechanical behavior. Over the past thirty years of composite materials history says that it has been the dominant emerging materials which have proved with …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 20–23 Read article
-
In Vivo and In Vitro Antioxidative Efficacy of Naringenin on Cadmium -Induced Toxicity in Rats
Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the in vivo circulating antioxidants level such as vitamin C, vitamin E and GSH in Cadmium (Cd) induced toxic rats and the protective efficacy of naringenin via in vitro free radical scavenging assays. In this investigation cadmium chloride (5 mg/kg body weight (b.w) was administered orally (p.o) for 28 days to induce toxicity. Naringenin was pre-administered orally (50 mg/kg body weight) for …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2013 · pp. 9–16 Read article
-
Heat Integration Analysis for an HDA Process Using Pinch Analysis
Abstract: In this study a retrofitted heat exchanger network (HEN) is proposed for an existing HDAprocess plant by pinch analysis using Aspen energy analyzer. In the HDA process, benzene is produced by hydrodealkylation of toluene. From the existing plant operating data a HEN is extracted. Analysis of both design and retrofit analysis are done for the existing process plant. From design analysis it is known that ten alternative designs are possible …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 13–22 Read article
-
A Developed and Validated Densitometric HPTLC method for Quantitative Analysis of Cefdinir
Abstract: A sensitive and accurate high performance thin layer chromatographic method has been developed and validated. Chromatographic separation was performed on silica gel F254 HPTLC plates, prewashed with methanol using methanol: toluene (9.5: 0.5 v/v), as solvent system. The plates were scanned densitometrically, with a deuterium lamp at 286 nm. The method was validated in accordance with the requirements of the ICH guidelines. The response to cefdinir concentration was linear in …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2010 · pp. 1–9 Read article