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24 articles for “Average filter”
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A Review on Various Image and Video Restoration Techniques
Abstract: Reconstruction of low value deteriorated image into high quality improved image is termed as image restoration. The sight of this paper is to have knowledge about mixed restoration techniques like, average filter, median filter, wiener filter, blind de-convolution, and wavelet transform etc. The basis of restoration is to undo the operation of degraded image. There are many grounds because of which degradation takes place like, poor weather conditions, camera misfocus, …
Published in Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 50–58 Read article
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Non-Invasive Glucose Monitoring Device Using Max30102 Sensor
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder affecting millions globally, requiring continuous blood glucose monitoring to prevent complications such as cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Conventional invasive finger- prick techniques result in pain, skin irritation, and an increased risk of infection, which lowers patient compliance, particularly in young patients and the elderly. This paper presents a non-invasive glucose monitoring prototype using the MAX30102 optical biosensor interfaced with the …
Published in Journal of Instrumentation Technology & Innovations · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 36–44 Read article
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Stationary Wavelet and Recursive Least Square Filtering Based Fetal ECG Data Extraction from Composite Abdominal Signal
Abstract: This paper introduces a fast methodology for fetal ECG extraction based on stationary wavelet and noise canceler adaptive filter with the recursive least square filter. Firstly, signals are preprocessed by moving averaging filter for removing baseline wander. The stationary wavelet and the recursive least square filter is applied on preprocessed signal that effectively separates the maternal ECG and extracts fetal ECG (fECG) from the abdominal ECG. Finally, fetal ECG(fECG) is …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 46–58 Read article
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Digital Front-End Architecture of ECG Acquisition System with 0.5V Supply
Abstract: AbstractDue to the popularity of portable electronic products, low power systems have attracted more attention in recent years. Dynamic power consumption remains to be the biggest contributor to the total power consumption of a hardware design. A new power efficient electrocardiogram acquisition system that uses a fully digital architecture to reduce the power consumption and chip area has been proposed in this paper. The design of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) is …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 11–20 Read article
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Intelligent ECG Signal Noise Removal with Moving Median Filter Using Neural Network
Abstract: In this paper, the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is susceptible to noise and artifact and it is essential to remove noise using neural network. The noise in order to support first 3600 of noisy heart signal is collected from MIT-BIH data base. In this paper, the use of average median filter and artificial neural network is analyzed. The available filters for power-line interference need a reference channel or regard that the …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2013 · pp. 19–25 Read article
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Identify the effect of filters on noises
Abstract: Removal of noise from the image is the preleminary step when image pre-processing is done. Many fields such as weather forecasting, 3D graphics in which working on images is done by enhancing the image so that it can be used furthur. Various noises due to temperature, environment conditions, sensors enter into the image. When noise is removed from the image it highlights the particular parts of the image that are …
Published in Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 22–27 Read article
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Real-Time Edge Detection Camera Module Using Discrete Taylor Transform and Heat Equation (PDE): An Applied Mathematical Approach
Abstract: In modern digital signal processing, the capability for denoising and smoothing in real time is very important in scientific, engineering, and industrial applications. This paper presents an efficient hybrid framework that merges two mathematically sound methods, namely, DTT and PDE defined as the Heat Equation, to robustly denoise a signal with minimal distortion. The model addresses one of the most challenging tasks in signal restoration, which maintains the fidelity of …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 9–14 Read article
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Circular Retiming technique to design Optimized Least Mean square architecture for adaptive filter
Abstract: Circular retiming improves performance and power consumption of the Least Mean Square (LMS) adaptive filter. It is implemented for weight updated block and error computational block to minimize the adaptive filter error without violating the functional equivalence output. Here, filter multiplication block is updated in a circular convolution format and is retimed to reduce the dynamic power consumption. Additional retime flip-flops shows better performance result compared with the existing state-of-the-art …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Utilization of Fish Excreta for Algae Production
Abstract: AbstractAlgae has been existing on earth since its beginning but its prospective advantages have recently been understood and hence it is now being considered to play a major role in solving some of the most critical problems of the world. However the high cost of algae production is the biggest obstacle in making algae a mainstream candidate for the development of various products. The current study tried to reduce the …
Published in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 9–17 Read article
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DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE OF A CYCLONE SEPARATOR FOR EFFICIENT FILTRATION AT A SUGAR MILLING PLANT
Abstract: The design of a cyclone separator with its system components to achieve efficient collection of bacilli for efficient filtration of milled sugar(sucrose) is reported in this paper. Different concepts for the design of the cyclone separator were considered and subjected to performance evaluation. The design models identified for the cyclone separator were the Stairmand, Swift and ShepherdLapple models. The cyclone separator was sized based on the Shepherd Lapple design approach. …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Effective FPGA Implementation of Comb Filters to Improve Perception of Sensorineural Hearing Impaired
Abstract: AbstractIn this paper, effective method for implementation of comb filter on FPGA platform has been proposed. This work is intended for hearing aid to be used for people suffering from sensorineural hearing loss. The algorithmic implementation on FPGA is intricate during the design process. Here we propose effective and simplified approach for implementation of comb filter with 512 coefficients using Spartan-6 FPGA for dichotic presentation. The design of comb filter …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 15–29 Read article
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History and Applications of Kalman Filter: A Review
Abstract: The Kalman filter is a powerful algorithm that is used to estimate the dynamic system states with noisy measurements and uncertain behaviors. It is an optimal estimator that minimizes the average squared error between the estimated states and the true states, given the noisy data and a model of the system. The recursive algorithm is highly effective in tracking and predicting the state of complex systems over time. Kalman filters …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power and Machine Systems · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 14–23 Read article
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Clipping of Precoded OFDM in Cognitive Radios
Abstract: To provide reliable and opportunistic utilization of the radio electromagnetic spectrum, cognitive radio (CR) has been proposed as an intelligent technology that provides dynamic spectrum access for users by opportunistically utilizing even the licensed spectral bands. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is considered by many to be an effective multicarrier transmission technique for the implementation of CR system transmissions due to its flexible spectrum access. Out-of-band (OOB) radiation of an …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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An Integrated Autonomous Rover-Drone System for Intelligent Exploration and Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: This paper presents a hybrid autonomous exploration platform integrating a ground rover and aerial drone, enhanced by swarm intelligence and a custom-trained YOLO V8 object detection model. The rover is equipped with GPS, IMU, and environmental sensors (DHT11, MQ135, BMP180), while the drone performs real-time aerial mapping and obstacle prediction. A YOLO V8 model, trained on 500 annotated terrain images (six classes: rocks, pits, trees, water, animals, vegetation), achieves a …
Published in International Journal of Mechanical Dynamics and Systems Analysis · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 43–61 Read article
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Heterogeneous Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Network using Enhanced Energy Detection and Matched Filter
Abstract: AbstractOne of the most predominant aspect in cognitive radio networks is spectrum sensing which allows a secondary user (unlicensed user) to detect the presence or absence of a primary user (licensed user). A number of sensing techniques have been proposed in the past. In order to achieve a high spectrum efficiency, the compatibility of the common spectrum detection techniques primarily used such as energy detection and matched filter are employed …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 35–42 Read article
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An Improved Power Line Interference Reduction Approach Based on Combination of Mirror Extension and IIR filtering Through a Data Driven Mechanism
Abstract: Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a clinical sign monitoring measurement of the cardiac abnormalities. Like other biomedical signals, the ECG signal is also contaminated by various kinds of noise and artifacts such as power line interference, base line wandering, muscle artifacts and electrode artifacts. The present paper proposes a scheme for power line interference (PLI) reduction from ECG signal. It makes use of the concept of mirror method, empirical mode decomposition (EMD) …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 13–21 Read article
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Design and Implementation of High Speed and Low Power 88 Bit Array Multiplier
Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to design and implement simple, suitable and reliable multipliers for digital signal processors, Math processors, digital filters, and ALU. Multipliers are one of the leading arithmetic units in Microprocessors and DSPs and also a major source of power consumption. The key objective of this work is to measure the average power consumption and delay of 8´8 array multiplier. The design of full adder …
Published in Journal of Microcontroller Engineering and Applications · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Palm Recognition Using Hybrid Algorithm
Abstract: Biometric system is becoming more popular and increasingly important, since they provide more reliable and accurate means of identification. Now a days biometrics system is used almost everywhere for identification. In Japan, banks have used the palm vein authentication technology for customer identification since July 2004. In addition, Fujitsu has integrated the technology into the access control of electronic door lock systems. Their system has a false acceptance rate of …
Published in Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 12–19 Read article
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Design Simulation and Assessment of Low PAPR FBMC System for Energy Efficient 5G Applications
Abstract: As of late, filter bank multi-transporter (FBMC) has seemed incredible enthusiasm as an option in contrast to orthogonal frequencies Division Multiplexing (OFDM). FBMC plan has extended Frequency capability and low out of band (OOB) outpourings Compared to OFDM. In any case, FBMC still experiences high positions Peak-to-average power proportion (PAPR) in OFDM frameworks. Some OFDM-based PAPR decrease innovation has been received FBMC framework. In this paper, new advancements for PAPR …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 15–21 Read article
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An Application of Recommendation Systems to Cluster-based Pattern Recognition
Abstract: Information overload is a common problem faced by internet users; so, the recommendation system is becoming increasingly important to this service. Collective filtering is used by recommendation systems to offer recommendations to individuals or for products based on their shared interests. Data or people should be grouped into clusters so that they have more in common with those in the same cluster and stand out from those in other clusters. …
Published in Recent Trends in Parallel Computing · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 28–36 Read article