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1510 articles for “surface”
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Regulation of Second and third Order Intervals Plant Using PID Surface Sliding Mode Control Strategy
Abstract: In this article regulation aspects of second and third-order interval systems considering sliding mode control, PID surface sliding mode control strategies are discussed. The transfer function models of second and third order systems are considered for the evaluation of system performances. The linear part and non-linear part of the SMC strategy are designed and stability is analyzed using Lyapunov analysis. A conventional PID controller and PID surface SMC strategy are …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 28–49 Read article
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Effect of Nose Radius and Tool Shape on Diameter Error, Circularity and Surface Roughness in Dry Turning Machine
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of nose radius and tool shape on diameter error, circularity and surface roughness of turned parts during dry machining operation. The paper presents both analytical and experimental results of nose radius, tool shape and surface roughness of a turned material (alloy steel AISI-4340) in three different levels of control parameters that have been affected by nine cutting tool shapes of …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 29–37 Read article
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The Effect of using Grease on the Surface Roughness of Aluminum 1100 Sheet during the Single Point Incremental Forming Process
Abstract: Incremental forming is a sheet metal forming technique in which a uniform sheet is plastically deformed through the progressive action of a rounded tool. The movement of the tool is governed by a CNC machine. By this way the tool locally deforms the sheet through pure stretching deformation. In this research incremental forming experiments were carried out on Aluminum 1100 sheets to form a cone shape. Roughness was studied by …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Experimentation design of various edible and non-edible oils-based biodiesel using response surface methodology
Abstract: The current research presents the experimentation design for three input process parameters for the optimization of biodiesel production. The response surface methodology using CCRD is applied through design expert 6.0.8 tool. The small factorial is applied to reduce the experiments to some extent. It has been observed that response surface methodology is the effective technique to design the experiments as compared to other statistical techniques. Furthermore this tool has been …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 39–44 Read article
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Computation of Remaining Serviceable Life (RSL) of Bituminous Concrete (BC) Surfaced Road Sections using Hdm-4 Model
Abstract: The road network is the basic component that facilitates free movement of traffic from one area to another. The road sections are constructed to facilitate traffic for their entire design life. Due to the insufficient maintenance and rehabilitation activities, road section deteriorates rapidly and rapid deterioration results in entire road section damage prior to its design life. This paper presents the methodology for computing remaining serviceable life (RSL) in years …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 8–15 Read article
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Optimization Study on Cr (VI) Removal by Response Surface Methodology using Artemia franciscana
Abstract: Response Surface Methodology was employed in the present investigation to obtain the optimized physical condition for the removal of Cr (VI) from the aqueous solution. The pH was varied from 8–12 and the salinity from 30–50‰. The pH of 10 and salinity 40‰ was found to be optimized physical condition for the 95% of Cr (VI) removal from the aqueous solution using Artemia franciscana by the process of bioaccumulation. Keywords: …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Computational Biology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 15–21 Read article
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A Comparison of Rapid Card Test with Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Detection of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen [HBsAg] in Tertiary Care Hospital
Abstract: Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The most important marker for HBV infection is HBsAg. In case of diagnosis of infectious disease, discordant results may have serious consequences among the patients as it causes unnecessary mental stress and tension. For proper diagnosis of infection as well as disease management and prevention, identification of appropriate test kit is necessary. Aims and Objective: …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 27–31 Read article
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DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A POND SURFACE CLEANING ROBOT WITH SOLAR POWER INTEGRATION
Abstract: There has been a significant increase in water pollution with waste products such as plastic waste, leaves, algae, paper waste, and organic waste as a result of the rapid pace of urbanization and wrong waste disposal practices. This results in poor water quality and environmental hazards among others. Conventional systems for cleaning ponds use man-power and fuel-operated machines that are not only labor intensive and time consuming but are not …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 14–21 Read article
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Assessment of Arsenic in Groundwater and Surface Water Sources of Gorakhpur District in Uttar Pradesh (India)
Abstract: This study was conducted in 19 blocks and 4 surface water of Gorakhpur district to assess the arsenic content. The study was carried out in the month of February-March, 2021. The result was compared with IS: 10500:2012 and WHO. The increased arsenic content in the water possess serious health issues in humans. The acute health issues being pigmentation on skin and damage to red blood cells. Prolonged exposure leads to …
Published in Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research Read article
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Novel Catalytic Strategies for Reducing Residual Stresses and Improving Surface Quality in Machined Ceramic Materials
Abstract: To prepare for material cutting and utilize utility-specific edges, it’s crucial to understand the inherent brittleness of ceramics. This brittleness limits the forming methods available and hinders achieving dimensional accuracy and precision through conventional machining techniques. The fabrication of composite materials is becoming increasingly significant, particularly in technical fields like the automotive industry, where they are used to manufacture engine connecting rods, propeller shafts, brake discs, and more. The machining …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 01–07 Read article
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An Overview of Surface Coating Methodologies and Their Use in Technical Materials
Abstract: To safeguard the product or structure against chemical harm, a variety of procedures and materials can be applied in coating applications today. Nowadays, coatings are used extensively in manufacturing all over the world to increase efficiency and reduce expenses two factors that are essential to preserving the sector's profitability. Coated materials have greater strength compared to uncoated materials. A variety of materials, including bio glass, polymers, ceramics, strong and hard …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 6, 2024 · pp. 19–35 Read article
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Optimization of Reaction Parameters for Biodiesel (Methyl Ester) Synthesis Using Surface Response Methodology
Abstract: The Polyoxo vanadate catalytic trans-esterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) was carried out by optimizing four reaction parameters which include: catalyst loading, methanol/oil ratio, temperature, and reaction time. These optimized parameters are 0.5 g, 0.8 g, and 1.2 g catalyst loading, 3:1, 6:1 and 9:1 methanol/oil ratio, 45°C, 60°C and 65°C reaction temperature, 45 min, 60 min and 90 min reaction time. The regression equation in the uncoded units of …
Published in OmniScience: A Multi-disciplinary Journal · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 20–28 Read article
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Qualitative and Quantitative Effects of Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma and ErCr: YSGG Laser Activation on Surface Remineralization and Fluoride Release of Three Different Fluoride Varnishes
Abstract: Dental caries remains a prevalent oral health concern worldwide, prompting ongoing research into innovative approaches for caries prevention and management. This experimental investigation endeavors to conduct a comparative assessment of the bioactivity, fluoride release kinetics, shear bond strength, and compressive strength of glass ionomer cement (GIC) augmented with three distinct types of inorganic bioactive nanoparticles. Bioactive nanoparticles have garnered interest in dental materials for their potential to enhance material properties …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 5, 2024 · pp. 292–303 Read article
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A Review on Banana Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites through Advanced Surface Treatments and Manufacturing Techniques
Abstract: In today's rapidly evolving world, heightened environmental concerns and stringent government regulations have spurred scientists and researchers to seek biodegradable and renewable alternatives to synthetic materials. Natural fibers, derived from resources like banana, jute, bagasse, and sisal, offer distinct advantages such as low density, comparable strength, non-toxicity, cost-effectiveness, and minimal waste disposal issues over synthetic counterparts. Extensive research has explored the potential applications of these natural fibers, with banana fibers …
Published in Trends in Mechanical Engineering & Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 Read article
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Optimization of Tensile and Flexural Properties of PETG Filament in FDM 3D Printing Using Response Surface Methodology
Abstract: Now a days manufacturing trend has been changed from subtractive to additive. In additive manufacturing (3D Printing), layer by layer deposition occurs and final product can be obtained. The main advantages of additive manufacturing is to obtain customized product, complex geometry product. This research investigates the optimization of tensile and flexural Strength of PETG filament in Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3-d printing by using of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Specimens …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 39–58 Read article
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Synthesis, spectroscopic, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface, computational, and biological investigations on Isophorone derivatives: 3-(3,4-dimethoxystyryl)-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one
Abstract: FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy were among the spectroscopic methods used to synthesize and analyze 3-(3,4-dimethoxystyryl)-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one, a new isophorone derivative. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) was used to determine the crystal structure, which showed that the molecule crystallizes in a monoclinic system (space group P121/c1) with packing configurations and intermolecular interactions. To learn more about the non-covalent interactions influencing the crystal packing, Hirshfeld surface analysis was used. In order …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 51–69 Read article
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Optimization of Procedure and Variables of a Double Pipe Composite Heat Exchanger with Protruding Surfaces
Abstract: Under low heat duty conditions, double pipe heat exchangers are employed. When utilized for heavy-duty tasks, they show limitations. To use double pipe heat exchangers for heavy-duty applications, heat transmission needs to be increased. In this project, we are investigating the optimization process parameters of a twin pipe heat exchanger with and without protruding surfaces. In both cases, the inner and outer tubes are composed of steel, and the working …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 472–485 Read article
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Recent Progress in Near-Surface Mounted Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Strengthening Systems: Composite Materials, Adhesive Technologies, and Interfacial Bonding
Abstract: Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have emerged as one of the most promising classes of advanced engineering materials for structural strengthening and rehabilitation owing to their high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance, fatigue durability, and design flexibility. Among various strengthening approaches, near-surface mounted (NSM) systems have gained significant attention because they provide enhanced bond performance, improved protection against environmental exposure, and superior utilization of FRP reinforcement compared with conventional externally bonded …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 1145–1153 Read article
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Fractional Calculus-Based Analysis of Magneto-Thermal Nanofluid Flow Over Stretching and Shrinking Surfaces
Abstract: This study presents a comprehensive investigation of magneto-thermal hybrid nanofluid flow over stretching and shrinking surfaces using a fractional calculus framework to capture the memory and hereditary characteristics of complex fluid transport phenomena. The proposed model incorporates the effects of magnetic field intensity, thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, Brownian motion, and thermophoretic diffusion on the velocity and temperature distributions within the boundary layer region. A fractional-order derivative formulation is employed to …
Published in Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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A Taguchi approach for determination of parametric dependence in absorber tube of parabolic trough solar collector with roughened surfaces
Abstract: The Taguchi experimental design approach is used in this study to offer the ideal design parameters for the absorber tube with roughened surfaces. In order to determine parametric dependence, passive heat transfer augmentation strategies have been used in the parabolic trough receiver in this article by applying the Taguchi approach. So, for better understanding, two case studies are analyzed using two augmentation technique i.e., wire coil and twisted tape inserts. …
Published in Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 40–47 Read article