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426 articles for “process economics”
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Assessment of Spatial Variations in Water Quality and Environmental Impacts on Freshwater Ecosystems A Case Study of Lakes Around Puducherry
Abstract: This study examines the water quality of Kanagan Lake, Osuteri Lake, and the Chunnambar River to evaluate environmental changes and their significance to Puducherry's ecosystem. A multidisciplinary approach was employed to assess key water quality parameters, including pH, dissolved oxygen, nutrient levels, and pollutant concentrations, providing a comprehensive understanding of the ecological health of these water bodies. The analysis revealed significant spatial variations in water quality across the sites, driven …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–15 Read article
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Solar Thermal Energy Utilization: Design Innovations and Performance Enhancement Techniques
Abstract: The utilization of solar thermal energy has become increasingly significant in the pursuit of sustainable and low-carbon energy solutions. Unlike photovoltaic technologies that directly convert sunlight into electricity, solar thermal systems focus on harnessing solar radiation to generate heat, which can then be applied to diverse sectors such as water heating, space conditioning, industrial process heating, and power generation. In recent years, substantial research efforts have been directed toward enhancing …
Published in International Journal of Energy and Thermal Applications · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Valorization of Fruit and Vegetable Wastes for CA Production: A Comprehensive Review with Emphasis on Aspergillus niger Bioprocessing and Future Prospects
Abstract: Citric Acid (CA) is a multifunctional organic acid with diverse industrial applications, recently gaining prominence in polymer and composite science as a green crosslinker, compatibilizer, and functional additive. Conventionally produced through submerged fermentation of refined sugars by Aspergillus niger, industrial CA production faces sustainability challenges due to reliance on food-grade substrates. This review highlights emerging strategies for CA biosynthesis from vegetable and fruit processing residues—including cucumber peels, broccoli stalks, spinach …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 807–822 Read article
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Develop the Design of Sustainable Polymer Materials: Applying Reinforcement Learning, IoT-Enabled Monitoring, and Data-Driven Manufacturing Approaches
Abstract: Sustainable polymer materials development is a must due to resource constraints, environmental concerns, and the demand for designed materials with high performance. When it comes to material optimization, energy utilization, process unpredictability, and lifecycle sustainability, traditional polymer production methods have their challenges. Reinforcement Learning (RL), Internet of Things (IoT) monitoring, and data-driven production are utilized in the design and manufacturing of sustainable polymer materials. It is recommended to use Internet …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 1207–1231 Read article
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Processing of Magnesium Metal Matrix Composite Reinforced with Graphene Nano Platelets through Vacuum Stir Casting and Investigating its Mechanical Behaviour
Abstract: AbstractThe application of metal matrix composites (MMCs) as structural engineering materials has received increasing attention in recent years. Their high strength and toughness at elevated temperatures coupled with low-density makes them suitable for use in applications where conventional engineering materials, such as steel are used. MMCs exhibit significantly higher stiffness and mechanical strength compared to matrix alloys, but often suffer from lower ductility and interior fracture toughness. MMCs have the …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 21–29 Read article
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Sustainable Concrete Solutions: Chemically Predictive Modeling of Geopolymer Versus Ordinary Concrete in a Circular Economy
Abstract: Concrete is a fundamental structural material widely used in civil engineering projects. It plays a key role in various types of building structures, with its quality directly influencing the durability of the construction. This research focuses on assessing the current state of concrete construction, highlighting critical issues and technical aspects in the process, while emphasizing the importance of improving construction quality and management practices. Geopolymer concrete (GPC) presents a viable …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 5, 2025 · pp. 170–192 Read article
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Extraction of Copper from Electronic Waste (E-Waste): A Review
Abstract: The issue of electronic waste, or e-waste, is indeed a significant global concern with far-reaching environmental and health implications. As technology continues to advance and become more integrated into our daily lives, the disposal of obsolete or broken electronic devices has become a pressing issue. This waste not only contains valuable metals but also toxic substances, posing significant challenges for disposal and management. Improper disposal of e-waste is a significant …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 14–27 Read article
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Plasma Gasification for Sustainable Waste Management: Challenges and Future Prospects
Abstract: Plasma gasification technology offers a promising solution for the sustainable disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) by converting waste into energy or valuable products, aligning with the principles of the circular economy. Despite its potential, plasma gasification faces challenges in terms of high operational costs, energy demands, and limited commercialization success. This article critically evaluates plasma gasification alongside traditional MSW processing methods, including biological, hydrothermal, and thermochemical techniques, comparing their …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 01–05 Read article
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Comparative Evaluation of the Pozzolanic Activity of Artificial Pozzolans: Steel Slag, Fly Ash, and GGBFS
Abstract: Evaluating the pozzolanic activity of specific industrial waste is crucial given the growing demand for cementitious materials. This research aims to expand the possibilities of incorporating pozzolanic waste such as Steel Slag (SS) as additives to cement. SS is a byproduct of the steel production process. A byproduct of the steelmaking process, slags have long been used as aggregates in building materials like concrete and roads. A closed-loop structure and …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 341–361 Read article
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A Contemplating Review on Pure and Modified Polymeric Membranes for O2/N2 Separation
Abstract: The separation of O2/N2 by using membrane technology from air got the interest of the process industries due to its advantage over the conventional technologies like cryogenic distillation and pressure swing adsorption, in terms of simplicity, size, economic and power consumption. Membrane material selection for the separation of O2/N2 is challenging because most of the materials have low selectivityand others have low permeability. To meet both the selectivity of O2/N2 …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 9–32 Read article
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Verbal Fluency Measures in Persons with Type II Diabetes
Abstract: Diabetes is a very common condition with high prevalence rates. Prolonged diabetes is known to induce complications concerning retinal, renal, cardio vascular and peripheral nervous systems. Complications of diabetes in regard to cognitive and cognitive linguistic processing has been studied by many researchers in the recent years. Verbal fluency measures are very simple to test and are time economic. The present study aimed to measure verbal fluency measure (category fluency …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 26–30 Read article
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Comprehensive Strategies for Advancing Sustainable Rural Development
Abstract: Sustainable rural development is a comprehensive strategy aimed at enhancing the quality of life and economic prosperity of rural populations while ensuring long-term progress without depleting natural resources. This approach integrates social, economic, and environmental aspects, focusing on community empowerment, cultural heritage preservation, and sustainable resource management. Key elements include economic diversification to broaden income sources through agriculture, small-scale industries, tourism, and other sectors, thereby reducing reliance on a single …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 16–21 Read article
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Key Issues in Biofuel Production from Microalgae: A Review
Abstract: Approximately 80 percent of the global energy needs are met by fossil fuels. Excessive reliance on these fuels has led to environmental pollution, climate change, and health problems for all living beings. Thus, identifying alternative energy sources is crucial to meeting global energy demands and reducing environmental pollution. It is expected that energy from cost-effective renewable resources will power the world’s energy systems in the future. Algae biomass has become …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Botany · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 22–35 Read article
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Recycling and Reinforcement of Retired EV Battery Materials in Polymer Composites for Sustainable Engineering Applications
Abstract: The rapid proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs) has led to a substantial increase in lithium-ion battery waste, necessitating sustainable strategies for material recovery and reuse. This review explores the valorization of retired Electrical Vehicle batteries within polymer and composite systems, highlighting second-life applications as a promising pathway toward circular material utilization. Batteries retaining 70–80% of their original capacity remain suitable for extended use; however, beyond conventional energy storage, their constituent …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 362–371 Read article
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Strength and Weakness in Healthcare Leadership: A Scoping Review
Abstract: Effective leadership can significantly result in positive benefits in the healthcare system by improving the quality of care. This study aimed to determine Strengths and weaknesses in healthcare management and to contrast various healthcare leadership theories using SWOT analysis. In the Research design, a systematic literature search was done from 2010 to 2019 through various database searches such as (Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, PsycInfo). Studies that meet inclusion criteria related to …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Health Professions · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 65–69 Read article
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Challenges and Opportunities in the Catalytic Conversion of CO₂ to Value-Added Chemicals
Abstract: The catalytic conversion of CO2 into value-added chemicals presents a promising strategy for tackling the dual challenges of greenhouse gas emissions and the sustainable production of chemicals. This process transforms CO2, a major contributor to climate change, into useful products such as methanol, formic acid, and hydrocarbons. Such an approach not only helps mitigate CO2 levels in the atmosphere but also generates economically valuable products, thereby supporting both environmental and …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 30–35 Read article
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Blockchain, Evolution, and Future Scope: An Overview
Abstract: A blockchain serves as a transparent and immutable record of transactions, offering unparalleled security and trust in a digital environment. Its decentralized nature ensures that no single authority has control over the network, fostering a level playing field for all participants. While cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin have popularized blockchain technology, its potential extends far beyond digital currencies. In addition to financial transactions, blockchain can revolutionize various industries, including supply chain …
Published in Journal of Advanced Database Management & Systems · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 14–24 Read article
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Reevaluating Rice Straw for Livestock Feeding: Opportunities and Challenges in Advancing Sustainable Livestock Development
Abstract: Rice straw, the most prevalent by-product of rice cultivation in the tropics, presents both significant opportunities and challenges for sustainable livestock farming. This study aims to reevaluate the role of rice straw as a forage resource in livestock nutrition, emphasizing its potential to enhance feed security, reduce waste, and support environmentally sustainable agricultural practices. By examining the nutritional characteristics of rice straw, the impact on livestock health, and the role …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Botany · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 25–34 Read article
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Automated Crop Disease Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Abstract: Crop diseases contribute to major losses in agricultural production worldwide generating enormous economic costs. This study investigates the possibility of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) imaging techniques to auto-detect diseases associated with plants through image processing. A model was developed and trained on a publicly available plant disease dataset containing labeled images of several diseases. The CNN could classify various plant diseases with accuracy of 95%, precision of 92%, and recall …
Published in International Journal of Cheminformatics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 7–15 Read article
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Water Comparative Study of Water Quality
Abstract: Water quality plays a vital role in safeguarding human health, maintaining environmental balance, and supporting socio-economic progress. For drinking purposes, water must satisfy established physical and chemical criteria to minimize health hazards and ensure the efficient functioning of biological processes. This research focuses on a comparative assessment of drinking water quality by analyzing key parameters such as pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), hardness, and fluoride levels in both tap water …
Published in Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 85–98 Read article