STM Journals Peer-reviewed research from Consortium e-Learning Network

Research & Reviews : Journal of Botany Original Research

Reevaluating Rice Straw for Livestock Feeding: Opportunities and Challenges in Advancing Sustainable Livestock Development

  1. Md. Emran Hossain Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi
  2. Shilpi Islam Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna

Abstract

Rice straw, the most prevalent by-product of rice cultivation in the tropics, presents both significant opportunities and challenges for sustainable livestock farming. This study aims to reevaluate the role of rice straw as a forage resource in livestock nutrition, emphasizing its potential to enhance feed security, reduce waste, and support environmentally sustainable agricultural practices. By examining the nutritional characteristics of rice straw, the impact on livestock health, and the role in integrated farming systems, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of the benefits and limitations associated with its use. The findings reveal that while rice straw can serve as a cost-effective feed option that contributes to the circular economy by recycling agricultural waste, issues, such as low digestibility and nutrient content pose challenges that must be addressed. Additionally, the study explores innovative processing techniques and supplementation strategies that can enhance the nutritional value of rice straw, making it a more viable feed resource. By identifying practical applications and strategic interventions, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of how rice straw can be effectively integrated into livestock feeding systems, thereby promoting sustainable livestock development and improving the livelihoods of smallholder farmers.

Keywords

References (38)

  1. Singh G, Gupta MK, Chaurasiya S, Sharma VS, Pimenov DY. Rice straw burning: a review on its global prevalence and the sustainable alternatives for its effective mitigation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021;28(25):32125-32155. doi:10.1007/s11356-021-14163-3
  2. KUMAR A, NAYAK AK, SHARMA S, SENAPATI A, MITRA D, MOHANTY B, et al. Rice straw recycling: A sustainable approach for ensuring environmental quality and economic security. Pedosphere. 2023;33(1):34-48. doi:10.1016/j.pedsph.2022.06.036
  3. Koul B, Yakoob M, Shah MP. Agricultural waste management strategies for environmental sustainability. Environmental Research. 2022;206:112285. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.112285
  4. Sarnklong C, Cone JW, Pellikaan W, Hendriks WH. Utilization of Rice Straw and Different Treatments to Improve Its Feed Value for Ruminants: A Review. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2010;23(5):680-692. doi:10.5713/ajas.2010.80619
  5. Venkatesan K. The scope of utilization of Paddy straw as alternative roughage in equine diet in India. Indian Journals.com. 2022;12(4):465–471.
  6. Alengebawy A, Ran Y, Ghimire N, Osman AI, Ai P. Rice straw for energy and value-added products in China: a review. Environmental Chemistry Letters. 2023;21(5):2729-2760. doi:10.1007/s10311-023-01612-3
  7. Shrinivasa DJ, Maski D. Opportunities and Challenges for Straw Fortification for Livestock Feed: Scope for Mechanization. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. 2017;6(8):1661-1670. doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2017.609.204
  8. Praveen BR, Sannagoudar MS, Babu RTC, Rajanna GA, Singh M, Kumar S, et al. Sustainable Use of Paddy Straw as Livestock Feed: A Climate Resilient Approach to Crop Residue Burning. Molecular Interventions for Developing Climate-Smart Crops: A Forage Perspective. 2023:197-214. doi:10.1007/978-981-99-1858-4_11
  9. Bressan M, Campagnoli E, Ferro CG, Giaretto V. Rice straw: A waste with a remarkable green energy potential. Energies. 2022;15(4):1355.
  10. Oanh NTK. Rice straw open burning: emissions, effects and multiple benefits of non-burning alternatives. Vietnam J Sci Technol Eng. 2021;63(4):79–85.
  11. Jackson MG. Rice straw as livestock feed. World Anim Rev. 1977.
  12. Swastika DK, Wahyudi B, Rusan M, Daud, E, Yudianto H. Pursuing Circular Economics Through the Integrated Crop-Livestock Systems: An Integrative Review on Practices, Strategies and Challenges Post Green Revolution in Indonesia. J Agric Food Res. 2024; p. 101269.
  13. Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, Timsina J. Crop Residue Management for Nutrient Cycling and Improving Soil Productivity in Rice-Based Cropping Systems in the Tropics. Advances in Agronomy. 2005:269-407. doi:10.1016/s0065-2113(04)85006-5
  14. Aquino D, Del Barrio A, Trach NX, Hai NT, Khang DN, Toan NT, et al. Rice Straw-Based Fodder for Ruminants. Sustainable Rice Straw Management. 2019:111-129. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-32373-8_7
  15. Wang M, Zhao XG, Tan ZL, Tang SX, Zhou CS, Sun ZH, et al. Effects of Increasing Level of Dietary Rice Straw on Chewing Activity, Ruminal Fermentation and Fibrolytic Enzyme Activity in Growing Goats. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2010;23(8):1022-1027. doi:10.5713/ajas.2010.90412
  16. Seglah PA, Wang Y, Wang H, Bi Y. Estimation and Efficient Utilization of Straw Resources in Ghana. Sustainability. 2019;11(15):4172. doi:10.3390/su11154172
  17. Singh G, Arya SK. A review on management of rice straw by use of cleaner technologies: Abundant opportunities and expectations for Indian farming. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021;291:125278. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125278
  18. Mandal KG, Misra AK, Hati KM, Bandyopadhyay KK, Ghosh PK. Rice residue- management options and effects on soil properties and crop productivity. J Food Agric Environ. 2004;2(January):224–231.
  19. Sekaran U, Lai L, Ussiri DAN, Kumar S, Clay S. Role of integrated crop-livestock systems in improving agriculture production and addressing food security – A review. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research. 2021;5:100190. doi:10.1016/j.jafr.2021.100190
  20. Singh Y, Sharma S, Kumar U, Sihag P, Balyan P, Singh KP, et al. Strategies for economic utilization of rice straw residues into value-added by-products and prevention of environmental pollution. Science of The Total Environment. 2024;906:167714. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167714
  21. Malik K, Tokkas J, Anand RC, Kumari N. Pretreated rice straw as an improved fodder for ruminants-An overview. Journal of Applied and Natural Science. 2015;7(1):514-520. doi:10.31018/jans.v7i1.640
  22. Singh L, Brar BS. A Review on Rice Straw Management Strategies. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology. 2021;20(4). doi:10.46488/nept.2021.v20i04.010
  23. Rahman MA, Chikushi J, Saifizzaman M, Lauren JG. Rice straw mulching and nitrogen response of no-till wheat following rice in Bangladesh. Field Crops Research. 2005;91(1):71-81. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2004.06.010
  24. Nguyen XT. The need for improved utilisation of rice straw as feed for ruminants in Vietnam: An overview. Livest Res Rural Dev. 1998;10(2):80–94.
  25. Devendra C, Leng RA. Feed Resources for Animals in Asia: Issues, Strategies for Use, Intensification and Integration for Increased Productivity. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2011;24(3):303-321. doi:10.5713/ajas.2011.r.05
  26. Giridhar K, Samireddypalle A. Impact of Climate Change on Forage Availability for Livestock. Climate Change Impact on Livestock: Adaptation and Mitigation. 2015:97-112. doi:10.1007/978-81-322-2265-1_7
  27. Migo-Sumagang MVP, Maguyon-Detras MC, Gummert M, Alfafara CG, Borines MG, Capunitan JA, et al. Rice-Straw-Based Heat Generation System Compared to Open-Field Burning and Soil Incorporation of Rice Straw: An Assessment of Energy, GHG Emissions, and Economic Impacts. Sustainability. 2020;12(13):5327. doi:10.3390/su12135327
  28. Oladosu Y, Rafii MY, Abdullah N, Magaji U, Hussin G, Ramli A, et al. Fermentation Quality and Additives: A Case of Rice Straw Silage. BioMed Research International. 2016;2016:1-14. doi:10.1155/2016/7985167
  29. Babu RTC, Singh M, Patil NDC, Praveen BR. Challenges and opportunities in utilization o paddy straw as animal feed. Indian Farming. 2022;72(10):08–10.
  30. Hoerbe JB, Sessim AG, Pereira GR, Brutti DD, et al. Cow-calf intensification through the feeding of rice straw. Livest Sci. 2020.
  31. Wang B, Sun H, Wang D, Liu H, Liu J. Constraints on the utilization of cereal straw in lactating dairy cows: A review from the perspective of systems biology. Animal Nutrition. 2022;9:240-248. doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2022.01.002
  32. Han YW, Anderson AW. The problem of rice straw waste a possible feed through fermentation. Economic Botany. 1974;28(3):338-344. doi:10.1007/bf02861429
  33. Allen J, Goodman R, Sinclair F, Kaur P. Rice straw management effects on greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation options. Sustain rice straw Manag. 2020. p. 145–159.
  34. Sain P, Broadbent FE. Moisture Absorption, Mold Growth, and Decomposition of Rice Straw at Different Relative Humidities1. Agronomy Journal. 1975;67(6):759-762. doi:10.2134/agronj1975.00021962006700060008x
  35. Drake DJ, Nader G, Forero L. Feeding Rice Straw to Cattle. 2002. doi:10.3733/ucanr.8079
  36. Jin MG, Lee HG, Lee HJ, Hong ZS, Wang JH, Yin YH, et al. Effect of Stepped Pattern of Feed Intake Using Rice Straw as Roughage Source on Regulation of Growth, Reproduction and Lactation in Dairy Heifers. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2004;17(6):794-798. doi:10.5713/ajas.2004.794
  37. Rahman MM, Akbar MA, Islam KMS, Khaleduzzaman ABM, Bostami A. Nutrient digestibility and growth rate of bull calves fed rice straw treated with wood ash extract. Bangladesh J Anim Sci. 2009;38(1–2):42–52.
  38. Alexandre G, Mandonnet N. Goat meat production in harsh environments. Small Ruminant Research. 2005;60(1-2):53-66. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.06.005
Support