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851 articles for “time measurement”
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Starter Culture Development for Spontaneously Fermented Buttermilk
Abstract: Fourteen fermented milks were made from ultra-high temperature (UHT) treated milk using mixtures of three strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and two yeast strains isolated from spontaneously fermented buttermilk (SFB). The isolates used for this experiment were Lactococcus (Lc.) lactis ssp lactis strain NGLC1, Lc. lactis ssp lactis strain NGLC2, Lactobacillus plantarum strain NGLB1, Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain NGY1 and Kluyveromyces marxianus strain NGY2. Inoculated milk was fermented for 48 …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 11–25 Read article
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A Study of Cancer Cell through Sequencing Model
Abstract: The condition to cure of cancer is presented in this paper. Curable, incurable, and destroyable conditions are formulated by the sequencing theory. The role of real number is generalized on the proposed method. The sequencing theory is applied on the cancer cell. The proposed model presents the computational overview of the cancer cell in context to measure and cure. There is set of conditions carried the time and cell sequence. …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Bioinformatics · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 52–54 Read article
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Job Sequencing with Fuzzy Processing Times using Credibility Theory
Abstract: AbstractIn this paper, a new algorithm to find an optimal sequence of ‘ n ’ jobs that has to be processed through ‘m ’ machines is developed by treating the processing times of jobs on the machines as fuzzy (imprecise) variables. The algorithm is similar to that of Johnson (1954) which considers the processing times as precise in nature. The proposed algorithm makes use of the concepts of ‘Credibility Theory’ …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Statistics · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2013 · pp. 14–19 Read article
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A Review of Formation of Oxygen-Related Donors (ODs) and Impurity Concentration in Step-Annealed Czochralski Silicon
Abstract: Czochralski (CZ) silicon being one of the two methods of silicon crystallization, the one that is used commercially for device fabrication, needs to be studied more closely. Hence, the Generation and behaviour of thermal donors (TD) and new donors (ND) as a result of pre-annealing at moderate temperature 480°C of carbon-rich boron-doped (p-type) CZ-silicon has been studied here, as function of annealing time by Hall studies and resistivity measurements in …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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The Other Side of the COVID-19 Lock Down: Real-time Public Experience
Abstract: This online survey were used and approach to appeal 380persons to identify the mostly preference of time pass in this lockdown period, and to know the awareness about this virus, how the people aware of preventive measures and what media they are uses for knowing about COVID-19. Data collected through a self-designed online questionnaire survey. The composed data was analyzed using SPSS 23. The results discover on various factors. Findings …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Statistics · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 17–30 Read article
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Time Overrun Causes in Public Construction Projects in Saudi Arabia: Contractors’ View
Abstract: The time schedule in construction projects is one of the prime measures for project success. However, the construction industry worldwide is full of projects that were completed with significant time overrun. This problem is critical and has negative effects on construction parties in terms of growth in adversarial relationships, mistrust, litigation, arbitration and cash flow problems. This study aims at identifying the time overrun causes in public construction projects in …
Published in Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology & Management · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2013 · pp. 67–75 Read article
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Spike Detection and Processing of TDEM Signals using Wavelet Transform
Abstract: This paper presents a new method for spike detection, parameterization and processing in ground based Time Domain Electromagnetic (TDEM) signals. Time Domain Electromagnetic methods are used for mineral exploration by sub-surface conductivity measurement of Earth. The Earth’s response measured using inductive sensors are contaminated by spikes in form of sferics and due to load and phase shift in power distribution lines. The spikes present in the measured signal can significantly …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 2, Issue 1-3, 2012 · pp. 82–92 Read article
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Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Gait in Right and Left Side Stroke Patients
Abstract: To determine the gait pattern in right and left sided stroke patients which will be useful, in diagnosis of gait abnormality, help in correcting the gait pattern for gait re-education and also to prevent deformity. Thirty six subjects [31 male, 5 female] who were affected by stroke were randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups. Group I consist of 18 patients with right side stroke. Group II consist of …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 1, Issue 1-3, 2011 · pp. 21–37 Read article
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Optimizing Chromatographic Techniques for Comprehensive Paraben Analysis to Enhance Safety in Consumer Products
Abstract: Parabens (PBs), such as methylparaben (MePB), ethylparaben (EtPB), propylparaben (PrPB), and butylparaben (BuPB), are widely used as preservatives in pharmaceuticals, food, and personal care products due to their antibacterial properties. However, there are growing worries about their potential to disrupt hormonal functions, which has led to stricter regulations. This study focuses on creating a robust high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for quickly measuring all four parabens in consumer goods. We …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 228–243 Read article
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Self-similarities in Hilbert Envelope Energy Regions on Motion Waveforms Application in Detecting Motion Irregularities in Video Frames
Abstract: This paper introduces self-similar Hilbert envelope energy regions that are commonly found in oscillating spectral curves. The time-varying amplitudes and peak value frequencies in typical spectral curves reflect the response of a system to external stimuli. A Hilbert envelope is a smooth curve connected between spectral curve peak values. Each peak value on an envelope curve at time identifies an envelope-bounded region with interior area (called Hilbert envelope energy region …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 34–49 Read article
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A New Model for Calculating Customer Lifetime Value on Monetary, Interpurchase Time and Retention
Abstract: Customer lifetime value(CLV) is an important an index to help company measure its customer value and allocate its marketing resource efficiency. CLV model bases on economic concept to calculate customer value with their purchase behavior.This paper construct a new model for calculating customer lifetime value on monetary, interpurchase time and retention. The empirical data of a credit card company is used to estimate parameters and compare the predicting results with …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Role of Biosensors and Image Processing for Improving Quality Inspection of Food Products: A Review
Abstract: Every year, millions of people experience serious and sometimes fatal health problems due to consumption of unsafe or contaminated food. Biosensors and image processing techniques provide solutions to some of the challenges that arise in food inspection. The conventional food-inspection techniques which depend on collection of samples followed by qualitative analysis in labs are time-consuming and inspections are not too much efficient. With the advancement of technology in computers, scientific …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 21–25 Read article
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An Analytical Study on Cybersecurity Threats and AI-Driven Mitigation Strategies in Next-Generation Smart Grids
Abstract: The increasing adoption of next-generation smart grids has introduced significant cybersecurity challenges due to their reliance on interconnected digital infrastructures and IoT-based control mechanisms. This study aims to analyze cybersecurity threats in smart grids and explore AI-driven mitigation strategies to enhance grid security and resilience. The research examines common cyber threats such as malware attacks, denial-of-service (DoS), data breaches, and insider threats while evaluating the effectiveness of AI-based solutions, including …
Published in Journal of Operating Systems Development & Trends · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 16–25 Read article
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Auditory Tone Monitoring in Adults with Stuttering
Abstract: Introduction: Stuttering is portrayed by involuntary disruptions in the flow and rhythm of speaking despite the fact that the individual knows precisely what he/she needs to state [1]. Over the past decades, many studies have examined neural mechanisms of stuttering in adults who stutter and have proposed that stuttering may be associated with deficits in the sensorimotor system. Many neuroimaging studies investigating underlying neural deficits of stuttering have reported abnormal …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Bioinformatics · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 16–25 Read article
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Use of Geodetic Laser Scanner for Mapping Applications: A Review
Abstract: In the past few years,slope were generated using topographic details captured using Total Station before the existence of Geodetic Laser Scanner (GLS). Although this method can give very high accuracy of measurement for generating slope model; it is expensive, time consuming, does not cover large area and need a physical contact on hazardous area. With GLS, generating slope model can be carried out without direct contact with hazardous area. There …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 32–37 Read article
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IoT-Based Real-Time Monitoring System for Temperature and Humidity Control in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing
Abstract: Environmental conditions, especially temperature and humidity, play a vital role in pharmaceutical manufacturing processes. Even minor fluctuations in these parameters can significantly influence the stability, potency, and overall effectiveness of drug formulations. In many cases, uncontrolled environmental variations may lead to chemical degradation, reduced shelf life, contamination risks, and substantial financial losses for manufacturers. Therefore, maintaining precise and consistent environmental conditions is essential to ensure product quality, regulatory compliance, and …
Published in International Journal of Mobile Computing Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 32–37 Read article
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A New Approach to Analyze the Performance of Flat Plate Collector
Abstract: AbstractAs per standards, the thermal efficiency test for the flat plate collector is used to be conducted under specified steady state conditions and then incident angle modifier ‘Kτα’ has been used to calculate the thermal efficiency at a different angle of incidence. These standards do not consider the effect of solar azimuth angle, as well as time consumption and require the costly test setup. In this paper, a new approach …
Published in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 39–49 Read article
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Multi-Sensor System for Underwater Pothole Detection to Enhance Road Safety During Monsoon Seasons
Abstract: Monsoon seasons across India and similar tropical regions severely compromise road safety by causing water accumulation that conceals dangerous potholes beneath stagnant pools, leading to frequent vehicle damage, tire punctures, and fatal accidents. Traditional detection methods relying on smartphone accelerometers, ultrasonic sensors, or machine vision fail under flooded conditions due to acoustic signal reflection at water surfaces and optical distortions from glare and turbidity. This research proposes an innovative multi-sensor …
Published in International Journal of Mechanical Dynamics and Systems Analysis · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 25–32 Read article
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Reducing the Dimensional Dependence for Rank-based Similarity Search
Abstract: In this paper, we try to introduce a data structure for k-NN search, the Rank Cover Tree (RCT). The pruning tests for RCT rely on the comparison of similarity values not on the other properties of the underlying space, such as the triangle inequality. Objects are selected according to their ranks with respect to the query object, allowing much tighter control on the overall execution costs. Theoretical analysis shows that …
Published in Journal of Advanced Database Management & Systems · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 20–25 Read article
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Reducing the Dimensional Dependence for Rank-Based Similarity Search
Abstract: In this paper a data structure for k-NN search, the rank cover tree (RCT) is implemented. The pruning tests for RCT rely on the comparison of similarity values and not on the other properties of the underlying space, such as the triangle inequality. Objects are selected according to their ranks with respect to the query object, allowing much tighter control on the overall execution costs. Theoretical analysis shows that with …
Published in Journal of Advanced Database Management & Systems · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 9–17 Read article