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196 articles for “evidence based”
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Mapping A Contextualized Southern Africa's Innovation Ecosystem: The Emerging Role of Higher Education in Promoting Inclusive Innovation and Rural Industrialization
Abstract: Higher education institutions (HEIs) are increasingly recognized as strategic actors in shaping innovation ecosystems that can respond to persistent socio-economic inequalities in the Global South. In Southern Africa, where rural underdevelopment, youth unemployment, weak industrial bases, and uneven innovation capacities remain pressing concerns, universities are under growing pressure to move beyond their traditional teaching and research mandates and contribute more directly to inclusive development. This paper examines the emerging role …
Published in International Journal of Rural and Regional Development · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 14–27 Read article
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Nanoparticle and Lipid-Based Vaccine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review of Platforms, Stability, Pharmacokinetics, and Immune Modulation
Abstract: The rapid evolution of vaccine technologies over the past decade has highlighted the transformative role of nanoparticle (NP) and lipid-based delivery systems in modern immunization practices. These platforms – including polymeric nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), liposomes, nanoemulsions, and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) – enable enhanced antigen stability, improved cellular uptake, targeted antigen delivery, and potent immune activation. This systematic review critically examines the physicochemical foundations, manufacturing approaches, stability challenges, pharmacokinetic …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 18–36 Read article
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Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Periodontal Diagnostics: Awareness, Confidence, and Barriers Among Dental Practitioners in India
Abstract: AI has emerged as a transformative tool in healthcare, including periodontics, where it aids in diagnosing periodontal diseases, assessing bone loss, and predicting disease progression. Despite its potential, the adoption of AI in dentistry, particularly in India, remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the awareness, confidence, and willingness of dental practitioners to adopt AI-based tools in periodontal diagnostics. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 106 dental practitioners, including general …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 16, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 27–38 Read article
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3D Printing of Polymer-Based Functionally Graded Materials: Recent Developments and Challenges
Abstract: Additive manufacturing (AM), specifically 3D printing, has become a useful technique for fabricating functionally graded materials (FGMs) because it can facilitate the spatial distribution of materials. Polymer FGMs (P-FGMs) have gained a great deal of interest due to their lightweight, customizable, multifunctional properties. In comparison to conventional fabrication, 3D printing allows better control of composition and microstructure, which results in materials with controlled mechanical, thermal, and biological properties. This review …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 338–347 Read article
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Phytotherapeutic Potential of Melaleuca: An Integrative Review of Phytochemistry and Antimicrobial, Antifungal, Antioxidant, and Antiviral Mechanisms
Abstract: Melaleuca alternifolia and other species of the Melaleuca genus stand out for the broad spectrum of pharmacological properties attributed to their bioactive compounds, such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, and polyphenols. This study aimed to critically review and analyze scientific evidence produced between 2005 and 2025 regarding the antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, and antiviral activities of Melaleuca, correlating its phytochemistry with molecular mechanisms of action. For this purpose, an integrative literature review …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Herbal Science · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Blockchain Enabled IoT System for Tamper Proof Monitoring of Polymer Composite Manufacturing Quality
Abstract: Ensuring real-time process compliance in resin-based polymer composite manufacturing remains a persistent challenge due to non-linear material behaviors, unpredictable curing dynamics, and fragmented sensor data pipelines. Traditional centralized monitoring architectures struggle to guarantee data integrity, auditability, and adaptive response under high-frequency environmental fluctuations. Most existing frameworks fall short in unifying trust, traceability, and time-critical decision-making particularly during critical cure-phase deviations due to limited integration of blockchain with intelligent sensor systems. …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 126–145 Read article
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AI-Based Threat Detection in Cloud Platforms
Abstract: This research work delves into the transformative role AI has come to assume for enhanced threat detection in the cloud ecosystem. The conventional security frameworks, which form the basis for many architectures, are several steps behind actualizing the rapidly evolving cyber threat landscape, exposing critical weaknesses in the areas of accuracy, adaptability, and speed of response. Initially, the study sets forth the problems with the old-school approaches to threat detection …
Published in Journal Of Network security · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 01–10 Read article
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Investigation of Forced Convection Heat Transfer Efficiency Using Cuo/Water Nanofluid in A Concentric Tube Heat Exchanger with Helical Coiled Insert
Abstract: An apparatus that uses nanofluid to transport heat is called a heat exchanger. This uses a nanofluid as the working fluid. One can make nanofluid hanging nanoparticles in liquids such as petroleum products, water, oil, ethylene glycol, fluorocarbons, etc. Forced convection heat transfer using CuO/water as a Nanofluid and distilled water as the base fluid has been examined in a concentric tube heat exchanger with helical coiled insert. Tests on …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 27–41 Read article
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Evaluating the Role of Alternative Medicines – A Critical Review of Therapies and Research
Abstract: Alternative medicine encompasses healthcare practices outside conventional medicine, including acupuncture, homeopathy, naturopathy, herbal medicine, yoga, and more. Despite growing popularity, alternative therapies often lack rigorous proof of effectiveness and long-term safety. This review examines various branches of alternative medicine, their benefits, and challenges. The paper discusses Ayurveda, homeopathy, acupuncture, naturopathy, herbal medicines, mind-body therapies, and manipulative and body-based therapies. It highlights the pros and cons of alternative medicine, including holistic …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–15 Read article
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Guardian of the Sky: Drone Detection and Jamming Technology
Abstract: India has reported remarkable growth in drones in the past ten years for both commercial and defense uses that led to extremely intricate problems. Systems operate as the major onset of the risks involved that might be associated with drone operations. This article provides a comprehensive evaluation of counter-drone systems, with a particular focus on two fundamental aspects: radar targeting, tracking, and other technologies. The main objective of the study …
Published in Journal of Advancements in Robotics · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 19–25 Read article
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AI-Enabled Recycling of Thermoplastic Polymer Waste in Hospitals: A Circular Economy Pathway Toward Green Hospital Certification
Abstract: This review research explores the latest role of AI in improving thermoplastic waste management for hospitals in terms of segregation accuracy, operational efficiency, and circular economy outcomes. Seventy-five relevant studies were analysed, and it was reported that AI-based systems, especially CNNs, YOLO models, and sensor-fusion approaches, achieved high accuracy in the identification and sorting of medical plastics, often above 90%. Early evidence also reveals improvements in the reduction of contaminants, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 170–182 Read article
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Risk Return Analysis Of Pharmaceuticals Companies During Covid-19
Abstract: An unknown disease (COVID-19) is spreading globally, impacting people and economies very negatively. The virus, which was first discovered in a small part of China in December 2019, has since grown fast across more than 175 countries. The virus is very contagious, thus in order to stop it, certain measures have been put in place, such as a national shutdown, air traffic control, and the wearing of masks, avoidance of …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Kisunla (Donanemab): A Novel Breakthrough Illuminating a Path to Better Alzheimer’s Outcomes
Abstract: Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition marked by cognitive decline, memory loss, and loss of independence. Despite decades of extensive research, disease-modifying treatments have been limited in success. Recent therapeutic advancements have led to the development of monoclonal antibodies targeting amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, particularly the pyroglutamate-modified variant, a key pathological hallmark of AD. Objectives: This review aims to explore the therapeutic potential of Donanemab (Kisunla), a novel …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 37–45 Read article
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Advances in Simulation and Surgical Skill Training Evolution: Narrative Integrative Review
Abstract: Simulation-based education has emerged as a cornerstone of contemporary general surgery training, driven by increasing emphasis on patient safety, competency-based education, and rapid technological innovation. Traditional apprenticeship models, while foundational, are constrained by reduced operative exposure, work-hour limitations, and variability in clinical case mix. In this context, simulation provides a structured, reproducible, and safe environment for acquisition, assessment, and refinement of surgical skills across the training continuum. This narrative review …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 7–13 Read article
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Development of Shelf-stable Oral Rehydration Drink with Whey and Red seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii)
Abstract: The present study aimed at developing a whey based oral rehydration drink (ORD) incorporated with red seaweed. The ORD was formulated with seaweed, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and sugar at the concentrations of 1.0 w/v%, 0.20 w/v%, 0.075 w/v% and 15 w/v% respectively and a whey:water ratio of 1:1.5. The ORD with 1.0 w/v% seaweed obtained the highest overall sensorial acceptability. This drink was further subjected to storage study for …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 20–27 Read article
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A Reviewed Study On Cpu-Optimized Parameter-Efficient Fine- Tuning For Large Language Models To Increase Accuracy Using Lora
Abstract: The fast proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has increased the need to optimize the process of fine-tuning but the existing workflows that require a GPU are still expensive, intensive, and unavailable to most researchers. This paper is driven by the desire to have a more cost-efficient and democratized version by examining a CPU-efficient implementation of Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) based on Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA). The major purpose of the study …
Published in Recent Trends in Parallel Computing · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Claiming the City: How India’s Urban Spaces Exclude Women and How to Fix Them, A Case Study of New Delhi
Abstract: This paper analyses the layered risks, vulnerabilities, and everyday negotiations faced by women in open public spaces in diverse sites across India, with New Delhi as a representative and highly stratified urban case. It examines how specific Urban design competences, planning attitudes, and governance mechanisms have in the past resulted in exclusionary and not safe environments for women. Based on crime reports, government statistics, academic literature, and field-based observations, the …
Published in International Journal of Urban Design and Development · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 25–41 Read article
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Switching in Bilinguals: Evidence from Forward and Backward Switching Tasks Across Visual and Auditory Modality
Abstract: Bilingualism refers to the use of two languages on a day-to-day basis. Defining bilingualism operationally is complex due to the heterogeneity associated with it. Proficiency in the second language can vary on an individual basis. Bilinguals can be classified as balanced or dominant, high proficient or low proficient based on the proficiency levels. The effect of bilingual proficiency on executive functions has been studied extensively. The current study explored the …
Published in Emerging Trends in Languages · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 19–23 Read article
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Utilization and Socioeconomic Impact of Biofuel Adoption Among Farming Communities in Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab
Abstract: With the increasing consumption of energy and environmental issues, transformation toward renewable energy is being considered as a trend globally. Biofuels such as biogas and biodiesel provide potential alternative to fossil based fuel, particularly, in the rural parts of India, including Punjab. These clean sources, however, are not only contributing to environment but also have a potential to improve the rural economy by saving costs and having better health. Despite …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Crop science and Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 38–45 Read article
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Drilling Fluid Characterization (Filtration Test)
Abstract: This report explores the formulation and testing of a water-based drilling mud used in drilling operations, where fluid circulates through the drillstring and returns to the surface. The study mixes 315 ml of water with 35 ml of corn oil to create the drilling mud and investigates the role of barite in increasing mud density to maintain a hydrostatic pressure capable of managing formation pressure. The findings reveal that increasing …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 17–26 Read article