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190 articles for “Three-dimensional”
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Thermoelectric Waste Heat Recovery from Industrial Exhaust Systems Using Nanostructured Hybrid Heat Exchangers
Abstract: The efficient utilization of industrial waste heat has become a critical strategy for improving energy efficiency, reducing fossil fuel consumption, and minimizing greenhouse gas emissions in modern manufacturing sectors. This study proposes a thermoelectric waste heat recovery (TWHR) system integrated with a nanostructured hybrid heat exchanger to enhance heat transfer performance and maximize electrical power generation from high-temperature industrial exhaust streams. The proposed system employs nanostructured surface modifications combined with …
Published in Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Digital Twins in Human Anatomy and Physiology Education: Current Status and Future Perspectives
Abstract: Digital Twin (DT) technology has emerged as a promising innovation in healthcare by creating dynamic virtual representations of physical systems through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), computational modeling, real-time data, and advanced visualization technologies. Although DTs have been widely investigated in precision medicine and clinical decision-making, their application in Human Anatomy and Physiology (HAP) education remains in its early stages. This review aims to examine the current status, educational …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology · Vol. 16, Issue 3, 2026 Read article
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Polymeric Microfluidic Chips for Rapid Point-of-Care Diagnostic Testing
Abstract: Polymeric microfluidic chips have emerged as promising platforms for rapid point-of-care (POC) diagnostic testing by integrating sample preparation, fluid manipulation, biochemical reactions, and signal detection within compact and potentially low-cost devices. Their compatibility with materials such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), and polymer–paper composites provide considerable flexibility in device design and manufacturing. Advances in soft lithography, injection moulding, hot embossing, laser …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 Read article
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Chitosan-Based Polymer Coatings for Antimicrobial Catheter Surfaces
Abstract: Catheter-associated infections (CAIs) remain a major clinical challenge. Microbial adhesion and subsequent biofilm formation on catheter surfaces significantly reduce the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy, resulting in prolonged hospitalization, increased healthcare costs, and higher patient morbidity. Consequently, the development of antimicrobial polymer coatings has emerged as an effective strategy for minimizing catheter-associated infections while improving device performance. Among the various biomaterials investigated, chitosan has attracted considerable attention owing to its intrinsic …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 Read article
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Proteins: Structure, Functions, Sources, Types, Advantages and Biological Importance
Abstract: Proteins are essential biological macromolecules composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds and folded into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural organization is closely associated with their biological functions, including structural support, catalysis, transport, regulation, defense, movement and storage. This review summarizes the basic features of proteins, including amino-acid composition, levels of structural organization, classification, major biological functions and important dietary sources. It also discusses the relationship between amino-acid sequence, …
Published in International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecule Research · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Thermo-hydraulic Performance of Multi-Pass Double-Pipe Heat Exchangers: Integrating Polymer Composite Tube Wall Materials via CFD Parametric Study and Experimental Validation
Abstract: Metallic materials such as steel and copper have traditionally dominated heat exchanger manufacturing because of their excellent thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, and long-established industrial reliability. However, their high weight, susceptibility to corrosion in aggressive operating environments, and inability to provide tunable thermal properties have motivated interest in alternative materials for next-generation thermal systems. Thermally conductive polymer composites reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), boron nitride (BN), and carbon-based fillers offer an …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 5, 2026 Read article
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Wind Pressure Analysis on the Selected Structure Using IS 875 (Part 3) 2015 and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)
Abstract: Wind-induced pressure plays a significant role in the safety and serviceability of tall buildings, slender vertical structures, and signboard hoardings. Currently, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has become an effective supplemental tool in the analysis of the interaction of wind and structures. This paper presents a unified comparative study integrating multiple investigations various modal (ⅰ) Tall rectangular building (50 m × 50 m × 150 m), (ⅱ) Rectangular Building (18 m …
Published in Journal of Offshore Structure and Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 70–80 Read article
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Recent Advances in Crystalline Materials
Abstract: Crystalline materials are solids in which atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a highly ordered, repeating three-dimensional lattice. This well-defined structure gives rise to unique physical, chemical, electrical, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties, making crystalline materials essential for numerous scientific and industrial applications. Advances in materials science, crystal engineering, and nanotechnology have enabled precise control over crystal size, morphology, composition, and defect structures through innovative synthesis techniques. These developments …
Published in International Journal of Crystalline Materials · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 14–21 Read article
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Thermo-Hydraulic Performance of a Double-Pipe Double-Pass Heat Exchanger using Annular Fins and Graphite-filled Epoxy Composite Tubes
Abstract: Double-pipe heat exchangers remain one of the most widely adopted thermal devices because of their simple construction, operational reliability, and ease of maintenance. Nevertheless, their performance is often constrained by the limited heat transfer area of smooth tubes and the long-term challenges associated with metallic materials, including corrosion, scaling, and structural weight. Recent advances in thermally conductive polymer composites provide an opportunity to overcome these limitations by replacing conventional metals …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 5, 2026 Read article
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Polymer Chemistry and Nanocomposite Network Design of PEGDA-Based Hydrogels
Abstract: The chemical structure and crosslinking density of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) can be systematically tailored, making it a versatile polymeric network in biomedical engineering, drug delivery, tissue engineering, biosensing and advanced manufacturing. PEGDA is a polymerizable acrylate-functionalized hydrophilic PEG that can be polymerized to make three-dimensional networks via free-radical polymerization, specifically photoinitiated. The resulting network architecture depends on the PEGDA molecular weight, the concentration of precursors, the polymerization conditions, the …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 5, 2026 Read article
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Meshing Methods Effect on Double Fillet Weld Finite Element Analysis
Abstract: Finite element analysis of the double fillet weld joint has been conducted in the present paper. Effect of the meshing techniques has also been shown. Meshing is a very important stage which can affect the finite element results by a large amount. There are different meshing options like sizing, refinement and inflation, available; other than that, different meshing methods are also available. Meshing methods studied in the present work are; …
Published in Journal of Advancements in Robotics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 10–15 Read article
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Towards the Development of Low Cost Calibration Apparatus for 3D Reconstruction of Spine
Abstract: Three-dimensional reconstruction of the human spine is very much essential in diagnosis, planning of surgery and treatment of several spinal deformities. This can be achieved using stereo-radiographic methods. Calibration of a stereo-radiographic setup is a necessary step in this process. It provides metric information from 2D images. Many calibration methods that are available in literature result in cumbersome calibration objects. Hence difficult to use in the clinical valuation of spinal …
Published in Journal of Advances in Shell Programming · Vol. 1, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 7–14 Read article
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Methods for Identifying Regions of Brain Establishment Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Abstract: AbstractPurposeful neuro imaging could be a comparatively young discipline inside the neurosciences that has led to important advances in our understanding of the human brain and progress in neuro research project associated with public health. Accurately distinctive activated regions within the brain showing a powerful association with associate in nursing outcome of interest is crucial in terms of sickness prediction and interference. Purposeful resonance imaging (fMRI) is the most generally …
Published in Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 12–15 Read article
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Forthcoming Technological Breakthroughs in the Metaverse Development
Abstract: The Metaverse represents an enduring and constant multiuser realm that merges the physical world with digital virtual elements. It stands as the cosmos beyond the realm of reality. The term “metaverse” refers to a shared, permanent, immersive, three-dimensional virtual environment that combines the physical and digital worlds and allows users to interact in real time while shopping, working, playing, and hanging out. Since the beginning of the internet, its quick …
Published in Journal of Web Engineering & Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 26–33 Read article
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Intensifying Security with Smart Video Surveillance
Abstract: The smart video surveillance system is designed to observe the activities of people nearby for safety concerns. This smart video surveillance can be installed at malls, public areas, banks, businesses, and ATM machines. The field of network surveillance research is rapidly expanding. The cause for this is the global insecurity that is occurring in great extent. As a result, an intelligent monitoring system that gathers data in real time, communicates, …
Published in Recent Trends in Programming languages · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 24–30 Read article
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Heat Transfer Augmentation in Twisted Rectangular Channel
Abstract: Abstract The best way to profoundly and scientifically concentrate the heat exchange upgrade of nanofluids under turbulent course through twisted rectangular channels under consistent heat flux conditions on every one of the walls is to look at the marvel numerically. The nanofluids are fundamentally the strong nanoparticle of CuO suspended in water arranged chemically. CFD investigation is led utilizing FLUENT programming by the limited volume technique. The limit conditions connected …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 47–55 Read article
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A Review Paper on Techniques and Manufacturing Methods of 3D Printed Loudspeaker
Abstract: 3D printing is a new paradigm that has revolutionised manufacturing industry. It is a process of making a three dimensional solid object of virtually any shape from a digital model. A loudspeaker is one of the most fundamental output devices in interactive systems. 3D printing technology is now being used to produce loudspeakers with improved performance in comparison with traditional loudspeakers. The advantage with 3D printed loudspeaker is that both …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 8–16 Read article
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Effect of Helix Angle on Performance of Helical Gear for Marine Applications
Abstract: Gears are one of the most critical components in mechanical power transmission systems. Today’s competitive business in the global market has brought increasing awareness to optimize the gear design. The gears are generally used to transmit power or torque and the efficiency of transmission is very high when compared to other kind of transmissions like belt drives and chain drives. The helical gear offers high contact and more friction which …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 47–56 Read article
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Vortex Shedding Characteristics of Tapered Cylinders at Turbulent Wake
Abstract: The physics of flow regime around a tapered cylinder is strongly three-dimensional (3D) and complex. These pose numerical difficulties in capturing the vortex shedding phenomena in the wake of cylinder. This paper discusses the main characteristics of vortex shedding behind a fixed linearly tapered circular cylinder at relatively high Reynolds numbers. A computational fluid dynamics model is employed to solve the 3D incompressible transient Navier-Stokes governing equations. The numerical model …
Published in Journal of Offshore Structure and Technology · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 25–38 Read article
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Numerical Simulations of Heat transfer in Microchannels for Cooling in Microsystems
Abstract: Fluid flow at microscale is being studied extensively in recent years. Understanding the heat transfer characteristics and fluid flow at these scales has relevance to electronics cooling, microheat exchangers, microelectro mechanical systems (MEMS) devices amongst others. In this investigation, three-dimensional models of microchannels with different geometrical cross-sections have been numerically simulated using the CFD software tool FLUENT. The numerical data obtained from this work provides better understanding and insight into …
Published in Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 15–20 Read article