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138 articles for “Controlled release”
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Polymer Nanocomposites As Emerging Platforms in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
Abstract: Nanotechnology allows the handling of materials in the 1–100 nm range, where distinct physicochemical phenomena, including quantum effects and higher surface-to-volume ratio, enable disruptive uses in pharmaceuticals and biomedicine. Significant challenges in solubility, stability and targeted biodistribution of therapeutics can be overcome by incorporating nanostructured polymers and polymer-based composites into drug delivery systems. PLGA nanoparticle and other nanocarriers, such as PLGA micelles, dendrimers, and hydrogels, have revealed promising effects on …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 268–278 Read article
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Emerging Therapies for Diabetes Mellitus: Efficacy and Safety of USFDA-Approved Drugs and Late-Stage Clinical Trials
Abstract: This review provides a comprehensive analysis of drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) for managing diabetes mellitus (DM) from 2013 to 2022, including emerging treatments from phase 3 clinical trials during this period. Over the past decade, the treatment landscape for diabetes has evolved significantly, with new therapies not only improving blood sugar control but also targeting broader health outcomes like heart and kidney health. In …
Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 11–23 Read article
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Copper Sulfide Semiconducting Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Applications: Synthesis Strategies, Mechanisms and Performance – A Review
Abstract: Copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS NPs) have drawn growing attention as a next-generation antibacterial platform, owing to their tunable structural, optical, and catalytic properties. This review consolidates current evidence on CuS NP synthesis, mechanisms, and antibacterial performance, comparing chemical and green synthesis routes alongside the effects of morphology, doping, and surface modification. Mechanistically, CuS NPs act through several overlapping pathways, including reactive oxygen species generation, bacterial membrane disruption, ion release, and …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 Read article
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Antibiotic Resistance in Microbes: History, Mechanisms, Therapeutic Approaches, and Strategies for Mitigation
Abstract: The global emergence of clinically significant antibiotic resistance is increasingly linked to the environment. Antimicrobials, metals, and biocides are just a few of the substances that are released into the environment through paths that are regulated by environmental regulators. Consequently, environmental regulators ought to be heavily involved in developing national and international antimicrobial resistance (AMR) measures. Antimicrobial compounds from pharmaceutical waste, agricultural runoff, and wastewater discharge contribute to the spread …
Published in International Journal of Antibiotics · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Effect of Oil Spills on Marine life
Abstract: Oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment, especially marine areas due to human activities and is a form of pollution. Oil spill pollution can have multiple causes both of natural and anthropogenic origin. The major oil spills of the world include Exxon Valdez oil spill, Arabian Gulf spill, Deepwater Horizon spill and Mumbai oil spill. Oil spills have negative impact on marine ecosystem which …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Ecology Read article
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Integration of IoT and Environmental Science: Vehicle Emission Monitoring Perspective
Abstract: — Since automobiles are the primary source of environmental pollution, an increase in automobile ownership also results in an increase in air pollution. Gases such as methane, butane, LPG, smoke (MQ2), carbon monoxide (MQ7), and hydrogen gas (MQ8) are all released from the vehicle as it smokes. Cars produce around half of the MQ2, MQ7, and one-fourth of the MQ9 in our environment, which contributes to global warming. The number …
Published in Journal of Microcontroller Engineering and Applications · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Understanding Programmed Cell Death
Abstract: Recent studies emphasize the critical role of various types of programmed cell death (PCD) such as apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, as well as their respective signaling pathways. These processes are essential for regulating cellular balance, responding to stress, and triggering immune defenses. Apoptosis, commonly known as "cellular suicide," is a tightly controlled mechanism that allows cells to die without inducing inflammation. This process is key for tissue development, immune …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 42–50 Read article
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Injection Pressure Optimization for Non-edible Biodiesel Blends in CRDI Engines: A Comparative Study
Abstract: The growing demand for clean and sustainable energy has increased interest in biodiesel produced from non-edible oil sources. These fuels are renewable, biodegradable, and do not compete with food resources. However, the effective use of biodiesel blends in modern diesel engines requires proper control of fuel injection parameters, particularly injection pressure. In common rail direct injection (CRDI) engines, injection pressure strongly influences spray formation, air–fuel mixing, combustion behaviour, and exhaust …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Production Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 24–34 Read article
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Waste, Pollution and Path to Sustainability
Abstract: In the 21st century, waste management has emerged as one of the most critical environmental challenges due to rapid industrial growth, changing consumption patterns, and increasing urbanisation. Improper handling and disposal of waste significantly contribute to air, water, and soil pollution, posing serious threats to human health and the well-being of mankind. The uncontrolled dumping of solid waste, open burning, and discharge of untreated industrial effluents release toxic substances and …
Published in Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 42–46 Read article
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Autonomous Agent Contracts for Adaptive Supply Chains
Abstract: This paper proposes a novel agent-driven, on-chain coordination layer for manufacturer–distributor–retailer handoffs that automates release, transfer, receipt, and state validation across the supply network. This approach combines belief–desire–intention (BDI) agents with narrowly scoped smart contracts to capture role responsibilities, capacity checks, and escalation policies. It aims to enhance conformance, traceability, and cycle-time reliability without relying on central intermediaries. This proof of concept links supply chain states—such as production-ready, packaged, listed, …
Published in Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research & Advances · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 52–60 Read article
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To Rule Out the Efficacy of Haridradi Drugs in Respiratory Allergic Disorders in the Childrens.
Abstract: Allergic diseases in children have increased significantly in recent years and they are a major cause of morbidity in the children. Although there is a genetic predisposition, exposure to allergens i.e pollens, irritants, infections, diets and inhalant will determine the sensitization. At present, the best approach to the children who are at high risk for the development of allergies is to introduce environmental and dietary control and adopt early measures …
Published in Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 53–60 Read article
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Degradation of Building Materials by Corrosive Pollutants
Abstract: Fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) is used for the corrosion suppression of reinforced concrete structures (RCS). One of the main issues with reinforced concrete constructions is corrosion. It interacts with acids, alkalis and salts to produce disintegration in building materials components. Pollutants and effluents speed up disbanding inside and outside reinforced structures. Bio-wastes come in contact of building materials to develop miro and macro-organism and these organisms release acid substances to …
Published in International Journal of Minerals · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 15–24 Read article
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Recent Trends in Heavy Metal Pollution of Groundwater: A Review
Abstract: Heavy metal pollution in groundwater has emerged as a major environmental and public health concern worldwide due to its persistence, toxicity, and potential for bioaccumulation. Rapid industrialisation, urban expansion, intensive agriculture, mining activities, and improper waste disposal have significantly increased the release of heavy metals into subsurface environments. Groundwater, being a primary source of drinking water in many regions, is particularly vulnerable to contamination, posing serious risks to human health …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Noise and Pollution Control · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 14–24 Read article
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Platelets A Tiny Cell Fragments
Abstract: Platelets are disc-shaped, anucleate cells that are approximately 2-3 μm in diameter. Their primary function is to control hemostasis, or blood clotting, but they also play important roles in angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels) and innate immunity (the body's first line of defence against infection). With a diameter of just 2-3 microns, platelets are tiny, disc-shaped cells that lack a nucleus. While their main responsibility is to ensure …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 22–28 Read article
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Practical approach for Type 2 Diabetes: Role of DPP4 Inhibitors
Abstract: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4Is) have become essential in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to their ability to enhance incretin hormone activity, which promotes insulin secretion and inhibits glucagon release. These agents effectively lower HbA1c levels by 0.5–1.0%, are weight-neutral, and have a low risk of hypoglycemia, making them suitable for a broad patient population, including the elderly. The antidiabetic market in India is vast. Gliptin as group row …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 20–26 Read article
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Management of Nanoparticles E-Waste to Energy Conversion for Sustainability with Composite Substances
Abstract: Changing the nanoparticles in e-waste streams could give us greater control as middlemen and a big possibility to find better ways to save energy and protect the environment. Nanomaterials are being used more and more in the electronics industry, and they leave behind harmful waste that stays in the environment. Using nanoparticles to turn e-waste into electricity will fix these concerns and make toxicity a part of the circular economy. …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 1007–1015 Read article
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Trichoderma: beneficial fungus for sustainable agriculture
Abstract: As environmentally beneficial substitutes for chemical pesticides, Trichoderma species are being utilized in agriculture more and more. Disease suppression, increased plant growth, and increased tolerance to environmental stress are just a few advantages they provide. These fungi are used in a wide range of cropping systems and formulations around the world. Their use is growing worldwide, particularly in Asia and Europe. In contemporary crop management, items derived from Trichoderma are …
Published in International Journal of Fungi · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 25–29 Read article
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Exploring the Thyroid Gland Physiology in Relation to Thyroid Hormones: An Overview through the Lens of 3D Computational Biology
Abstract: The endocrine system plays a pivotal role in orchestrating and sustaining diverse physiological functions by manufacturing and releasing hormones, which function as vital chemical messengers within the body. Among the prominent endocrine glands, the thyroid gland holds a central position. Situated in the lower part of the neck, this gland adopts a butterfly-shaped structure. Its significance lies in the synthesis of three key hormones: thyroxine (T4), tri-iodothyronine (T3), and calcitonin.The …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Bioinformatics · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 46–54 Read article