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134 articles for “outbreak”
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A molecular docking study and in silico analysis: targeting the marburg virus protein vp35 using active phytocompounds from alchemilla vulgaris
Abstract: Objective: The Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) is an infectious viral disease originating from African Fruit Bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) that has become the root cause of a fatal hemorrhaging viral fever. As per reports from the WHO, MVD has claimed the lives of millions of people worldwide, with a disease fatality rate ranging from 24% in initial outbreaks to 88% in recent times owing to a difference in viral strains and …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Computational Biology · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 39–62 Read article
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Acute Herpetic Gingivostomatitis in Children – A Case Report
Abstract: Oral infections caused by herpes simplex Type 1 are widespread, even among otherwise healthy people. While most of these herpetic infections are asymptomatic, young children are at risk of developing extensive oropharyngeal vesicular eruptions when first infected with the virus. This initial outbreak is known as primary herpetic gingivostomatitis. Although it is a self-limiting disease, this oral infection can cause significant mouth discomfort, fever, lymphadenopathy, and difficulty in eating and …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2012 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Satisfaction of Caregivers of Persons with Aphasia towards Speech-Language Tele Therapy
Abstract: Tele therapy has been the need of the hour during the COVID-19 crisis. Due to issues like social distancing, the face-to-face therapy or direct therapy is a not a feasible option, considering the current scenario tele rehabilitation is assumed to be a potential replacement for face-to-face therapy. As the outbreak of COVID-19 was sudden and rapid, the paradigm shift from face-to-face therapy to tele therapy was sudden this could in …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Health Professions · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 24–31 Read article
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Modern Vaccines with DIVA Capability: An Overview
Abstract: DIVA vaccines are designed to achieve twin-goals of the immunological protection of the host and the immunological differentiation of the infected from the vaccinated animals (DIVA) with a companion immunodiagnostic test. The DIVA strategy is used in countries that follow the vaccination path for elimination of an infectious disease and ultimately to achieve the disease-free status for international trade. This strategy has also been advocated for and adopted in the …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Assessment of Animal Trials Conducted on Protectivity of Potential Sub-unit and Recombinant Vaccines against Pasteurella multocida B:2
Abstract: Haemorrhagic septicaemia, caused by Pasteurella multocida serotypes B:2 and E:2, is an acute, fatal and septicaemic disease of bovines occurring as catastrophic epizootics in most tropical regions of Asia and Africa. As chemotherapeutic treatment of P. multocida infections is expensive and ineffective, prevention of disease outbreaks following immunization is the most potent tool. Although, various vaccine formulations as alum precipitated, oil adjuvant, multiple emulsion and live attenuated vaccines are currently …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Covid 19: Virology, Pathogenesis, Epidemiology and Control
Abstract: AbstractThe pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China in December2019 is a highly infectious disease. Coronavirus disease spreads primarily through contact with an infected person when they cough or sneeze. It also spreads when a person touches a surface or object that has the virus on it, then touches their eyes, nose, or mouth. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the ongoing outbreak as a global public …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 6–17 Read article
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A Review on Current Scenario and Update on Vaccine for Covid-19
Abstract: Background: COVID-19 pandemic is caused by SARS-CoV-2 . The SARS-CoV-2 is a beta coronavirus belonging to the family of Coronaviridae. The outbreak of novel coronavirus had a major impact on health care professionals like physicians, pharmacist, microbiologist etc. Current scenario of detection of SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19) is made through a nasopharyngeal swab based on RT-PCR technique. Some novel recent studies suggest the evidence of the possible role of fluid which is present …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Development of Covid-19 Vaccine: A Review
Abstract: The emergence in December 2019 of a novel coronavirus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has had devastating consequences globally. This is the worst catastrophe suffered by mankind in recent history. In the face of this severe disaster, people all over the world are frightened of the prospect of facing an outbreak or an annual recurrence. Control measures such as the use of masks, physical distancing, testing of …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 12–22 Read article
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Importance of Immunological Aspects in the Treatment and Vaccine Development of COVID-19
Abstract: COVID-19, a coronavirus disease spread by SARS-COV-2 virus is a highly contagious disease which leads to severe acute respiratory syndrome. It has highly jeopardized the whole globe in a pandemic situation. This disease originated from Wuhan, China in December 2019. The outbreak of this virally spread disease was very rapid and it also appeared to be life threatening. This article lays out a brief overview about the virus, its mechanism, …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 20–32 Read article
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Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus and Serum Level of Serum Aspartate Transaminase (AST) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Among Jaundice Patients in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Abstract: Hepatitis E is an acute disease caused by hepatitis E virus that usually manifest as acute jaundice. It is a waterborne infection and occurs sporadically or as epidemic outbreaks. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a positive-stranded RNA virus with a 7.2 kb genome with three open reading frames In this study we report the seroprevalence of HEV in different categories of jaundice patients along with their elevation of serum bilirubin, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 37–42 Read article
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Standardized Patients for Skill assessment in Medical Education: Why, Where and How?
Abstract: As the COVID-19 outbreak has rapidly transitioned into a global pandemic with serious implications for public. Frequent rotations between the public creates potential vectors for COVID-19. Equally, as trainee doctors we stand to learn a tremendous amount and can contribute to the care of patients. The immediate concern is the impact of COVID-19 on medical education. The effect of COVID-19 on medical education could therefore be considerably important. Hence the …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 45–58 Read article
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COVID-19 as Major Pandemic Threat to 21st Century
Abstract: A newborn virus has been detected which can cause a very contagious disease known as coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has led to lockdown across the globe. India has become one of the leading exporters of coronavirus testing kits, masks, medicines and vaccines. Also, India has played an important role in the containment of COVID-19 disease. COVID-19 pandemic taught the importance of health, hygiene, healthy lifestyle and …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 44–48 Read article
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Knowledge and Attitude Towards COVID-19 Vaccination Among Urban Population
Abstract: COVID-19, short for Coronavirus Disease 2019, is a rapidly spreading global pandemic caused by a novel human coronavirus initially named 2019-nCov and now known as SARS-CoV-2. This outbreak was first identified in December 2019 when patients in Wuhan, China, displayed symptoms of viral pneumonia. Our understanding of COVID-19 vaccines is currently limited, and it is expected that people's perspectives and attitudes toward these vaccines will vary widely among and within …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 6–13 Read article
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Viral Elimination Strategies for Musa spp.
Abstract: Banana is one of the major crops in tropical parts of the world. The banana plant is susceptible to many diseases due to the less genetic diversity in its popular cultivars. Particularly viral diseases can severely destruct quantity and quality of the crop. Four major banana infecting viruses doing the damage- banana bunchy top virus, banana streak virus, banana bract mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus; two other viruses- banana mild …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 7–14 Read article
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Seroprevalence with Clinical Manifestations and Laboratory Profiles of Scrub Typhus Infection in Patients Attending to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kota, South-East Rajasthan, India
Abstract: Background: Scrub typhus, a zoonotic rickettsial illness, is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium. It is transmitted by the bite of larval (chiggers) trombiculid mites.Owing to frequent outbreaks witnessed in different parts of the country in the recent past, scrub typhus is being described as a re-emerging infectious disease in India. Overall mortality varies from 7 to 30%. Objectives: The objective of the present study was to …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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SARS-CoV-2: A Review
Abstract: The emergence of coronavirus outbreak caused by SARS-CoV-2 has claimed lakhs of human lives and continues to be a potential danger for the world. Initial cases were detected in Wuhan, China, and over the period, the virus spread to various countries. Many nations where the spread of infection was high were forced to shut offices, educational institutions, and transportation by imposing lockdown for months. SARS-CoV-2 is genetically similar to the …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 14–25 Read article
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The First Days and Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Abstract: The outbreak of a mysterious illness that started in Wuhan, China by the end of 2019, spread and sickened millions of people around the globe to the extent of being declared as a pandemic by the WHO. A novel coronavirus strain named SARS-CoV-2 by the ICTV, testing the capabilities of our modern world and suffocating health care systems, meanwhile gathering all of scientist's research and governmental powers to fight off …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 7–13 Read article
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A brief review on Influenza A virus (H 3 N 2 ) and its effects in human with precondition
Abstract: A primary cause of human influenza is the viral genus Influenzavirus A, of which H3N2 is a subtype. The virus has undergone various mutations, resulting in the emergence of different strains, affecting pigs, humans, and birds. H3N2 exchanges internal protein-coding genes with other influenza subtypes through reassortment. The H3N2 virus, which is a type of seasonal influenza A virus, is still circulating globally and is causing symptoms very similar to …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 13–17 Read article
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Extemporaneous Compounding: Cautions Vs Convenience
Abstract: Pharmacists are only knowledgeable and skilled healthcare professionals dedicated to compounding and preparing medications to meet the unique needs of patients. The safe and successful extemporaneous compounding of prescription products for patients’ requirement in special consideration is vital to the drug store profession. In any case, there are a lot to improvement in the situation secundum artem. It is not in the least conservative for a pharmaceutical organization to marketize …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 26–43 Read article
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Sustainability Challenges, Transition Dynamics, and Collapse of Small-Scale Poultry Farming Systems: Economic, Technical, and Environmental Perspectives
Abstract: Small-scale poultry farming plays a vital role in food security, income generation, and rural livelihoods globally. However, the sector is experiencing a rapid decline driven by interconnected economic, biological, environmental, and institutional challenges. This review synthesizes recent evidence and develops a systems-based framework to explain the depletion of small-scale poultry farms in the country. A dominant driver is the persistent cost–price imbalance, where rising input costs, particularly feed, are not …
Published in International Journal of Sustainability · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 38–46 Read article