SARS-CoV-2: A Review

Gaurav Tukaram Dhumal

Abstract

The emergence of coronavirus outbreak caused by SARS-CoV-2 has claimed lakhs of human lives and continues to be a potential danger for the world. Initial cases were detected in Wuhan, China, and over the period, the virus spread to various countries. Many nations where the spread of infection was high were forced to shut offices, educational institutions, and transportation by imposing lockdown for months. SARS-CoV-2 is genetically similar to the SARS-CoV-1 and spreads via air from the coughing and sneezing of the infected individual. The virus proliferates inside the host’s body, and signs of infection such as fever, headache, breathing difficulty, less oxygen saturation begin to appear anywhere between 1 to 2 weeks. People with comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, pulmonary and heart disorders are usually at a higher risk than normal ones. The SARS-CoV-2 has mutated multiple times; however, the Delta variant poses a significant threat due to its increased virulence. Owing to the development in science, various recombinant and m-RNA vaccines are available which prepare and safeguard the human body against COVID-19 infection.

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