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355 articles for “Surface condition”
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Land surface dynamics: A Multiphysics Approach to Modeling Mass Transport
Abstract: Land surface dynamics are governed by complex interactions among hydrological, atmospheric, and geomorphological processes that collectively drive the transport of mass across terrestrial environments. Traditional modeling approaches often isolate individual mechanisms, limiting their ability to capture the coupled feedbacks that shape landscape evolution. This study presents a multiphysics framework for modeling mass transport on land surfaces, integrating fluid flow, sediment transport, heat exchange, and chemical reactions within a unified computational …
Published in International Journal of Land · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 31–36 Read article
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Exploring the Influence of SS 316L Nanoparticle Integration on the Flexural Strength of PMMA
Abstract: In the present study, a nano composite PMMA was prepared with the help of hot plate magnetic stirring and probe sonication at different loading conditions of nano sized reinforcement material SS 316L. In order to study the effect of independent factors (the amount of reinforcement material, stirring speed, and sonication time) on response variable (flexural strength), the central composite experimental design of response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized. The analysis …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 75–83 Read article
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Improvement in Mechanical Properties Using High Velocity Oxyfuel Coating (HVOF): A Review
Abstract: Surface modification plays a vital role in improving the service life of different machine parts used in number of industries. Due to daily routine operations at difficult environment conditions, most of machine components have failure in their operations. In these types of cases, only materials with superior wear resistance can be used or material surface can be modified by coating. High velocity oxyfuel coatings (HVOF) play a significant role in …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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An Optimize Formulation to Synthesis of size Controlled Hydrophobic Starch Acetate Nanoparticles using Box- Behnken Design
Abstract: The best way to improve the overall performance of native starch is by chemical modification. In recent years, hydrophobically modified starch has attracted considerable attention for the design and manufacture of novel nanoparticulate drug delivery carriers. The purpose of this research was to synthesize hydrophobic starch nanoparticles (NPs) and to optimize process factors through the use of response surface methodology (RSM). The corn starch acetate (CSA) NPs was synthesized using …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites Read article
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Design of EMG based Control System for Prosthetic Arm
Abstract: Prosthesis, field of bio-mechatronics, is an artificial extension used to replace the function or appearance of a missing limb or lost body part due to injury (traumatic), to correct congenital deficiencies or to supplement defective body parts. A myoelectrically controlled prosthesis detects muscle contractions using electrodes and this electrical activity acts as a signal to activate the prosthesis. In the presented work, the EMG signal is acquired using surface electrodes …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2013 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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An Optimize Formulation to Synthesis of size Controlled Hydrophobic Starch Acetate Nanoparticles using Box-Behnken Design
Abstract: The best way to improve the overall performance of native starch is by chemical modification. In recent years, hydrophobically modified starch has attracted considerable attention for the design and manufacture of novel nanoparticulate drug delivery carriers. The purpose of this research was to synthesize hydrophobic starch nanoparticles (NPs) and to optimize process factors through the use of response surface methodology (RSM). The corn starch acetate (CSA) NPs was synthesized using …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 32–54 Read article
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The Theoretical and Experimental Study of the Behavior of the Mercury Drop, Fixed on the Glass Bottom of Vessel with Fluid, Under the Acceleration of Gravity Change
Abstract: At present time, accumulated theoretical material of the studies of the equilibrium forms of the gas bubbles or mercury drops, fixed on the surface of solid material in the fluid or on the glass bottom of vessel with fluid, under the acceleration of gravity change, was carried out either on the basis of geometric similarity laws that greatly simplify the essence of physical processes, or on the basis of theoretical …
Published in Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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A Basic Framework for Evaluation of Rural Road Network Conditions
Abstract: Evaluation of rural road condition has been extensively used as an effective means to support decision-making on investment and management of rural road in both developed and developing countries. Distresses in the form of surface defects, cracks, deformation, disintegration, are common on rural roads. Rural roads must be maintained to provide safe, efficient fast and economic vehicle operations. Evaluation of conditions is recognized as essential requirements for effective maintenance management …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 17–22 Read article
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An Experimental Study on Multi-Criteria Parameters Optimization of Process for Al6351/SiC/Gr Metal Matrix Composites Using AHP-TOPSIS Approach
Abstract: This research focuses on optimizing the process parameters of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) for a hybrid Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) comprising Al6351 aluminum alloy reinforced with 4% SiC and 6% graphite (Gr), fabricated via squeeze casting. This technique enables the formation of dense, defect-free composites with uniform reinforcement distribution, enhancing both mechanical properties and structural integrity. Microstructural characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirmed the even dispersion and bonding …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 5, 2025 · pp. 303–319 Read article
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Bio Materials and Nanotechnology: Green Tea (Waste)– Aluminium Nanoparticles (Gt-Al Nps) For Methylene Blue Adsorption
Abstract: This study examines the adsorption of Methylene Blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions using Aluminium Nanoparticles synthesized with green tea powder as a biological reducing agent. Methylene Blue, an aromatic phenothiazine dye, is widely applied in medical diagnostics and various industrial processes, but its uncontrolled release into water bodies leads to environmental pollution due to its intense colour, stability, and potential toxicity. Therefore, identifying an efficient and eco-friendly adsorbent for …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 96–107 Read article
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Design and Development of Multifunctional Stretcher
Abstract: Hospital stretchers and wheelchairs are integrated in this piece. Instead of using the chair and stretcher individually, the suggested stretcher can be utilized for multiple purposes. Patients' mobility issues can be greatly reduced by this arrangement. There is a challenge in the ICU moving seriously damaged or fractured patients from stretcher to wheelchair. This product is capable of addressing such situations. One more advantage of the proposed design to conduct …
Published in International Journal of Industrial and Product Design Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 29–34 Read article
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Site Suitability Analysis for Artificial Recharge of Groundwater using GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques: A Study of Mandya District, Karnataka, India
Abstract: The present work is conducted to identify the artificial recharge sites for recharging the groundwater level using GIS and Remote sensing techniques. The scarcity of ground water is keep on increasing day by day due to anthropogenic activities includes decrease in land cover and increase in land use, but the climatic conditions are also severely affected and results in decrease in rainfall and increase in land surface temperature. Most of …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 10–22 Read article
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Design and Development of an Automated Robotic Algorithm for Blasting, Painting, and Barnacle Cleaning of Offshore Structures
Abstract: Marine surface maintenance tasks such as barnacle removal, abrasive blasting, and protective painting are traditionally carried out using manual methods that are labor-intensive, hazardous, and prone to variability in quality. These challenges are particularly significant for offshore structures, where harsh environmental conditions and restricted accessibility increase operational risks and maintenance costs. This paper presents the design and evaluation of an autonomous robotic system for automated surface preparation and coating of …
Published in Journal of Offshore Structure and Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Twisted Tape Insert Effect on Heat Transfer Enhancement Placed in Smooth Tube: A Review
Abstract: Today heat exchangers are commonly used with twisted-tape inserts to improve convectiveheat transfer in various industries such as thermal power plants, chemical processing plants,air conditioning equipment, refrigerators, petrochemical, biomedical, and food processingplants. By using the twisted tape patch, the fluid flow swirls together, interrupting a thermalboundary layer on the surface of the pipeline. Heat exchanger thermal efficiency can beenhanced by heat transfer increase techniques. Tape insert is one of the …
Published in Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 25–28 Read article
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Activated Carbon Materials as Ideal Adsorbents for the Desulfurization of Fossil Fuels
Abstract: Removal of organosulfur compounds from diesel is of interest from scientific, social, economic, and environmental viewpoints. Production of clean fuel remains a primary goal of the petroleum refining industry. The reduction of sulfur content below stringent ppm levels in diesel fuels becomesincreasingly challenging due to the presence of sterically hindered sulfur compounds, such as 4,6- dialkyldibenzothiophenes, which are resistant to removal over conventional supported mixed sulfide hydrodesulfurization catalysts. Consequently, alternative …
Published in International Journal of Pollution: Prevention & Control · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 28–34 Read article
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AI-Assisted Defect Detection in Polymer Composite Insulators Using an Optimised Ensemble Deep Learning Framework for Structural Health Monitoring
Abstract: Polymer composite insulators, particularly those made from silicone rubber and epoxy resins, are increasingly adopted in high-voltage transmission systems due to their superior electrical insulation, lightweight design, hydrophobicity, and environmental durability. Despite their advantages, these materials are susceptible to surface degradation, mechanical cracking, and flashover under prolonged exposure to environmental pollutants, thermal stress, and electrical aging. Accurate, real-time condition assessment of these composite insulators is critical for ensuring operational safety, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 253–261 Read article
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Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Corrosion-Induced Failures in Copper-Tin Alloy (Cu-Sn) and Aluminum-Magnesium Alloy (Al-Mg) Connectors: A Stress–Corrosion Coupling Analysis
Abstract: The utilization of an integrated experimental and finite element modelling (FEM) methodology, this study investigates the degradation and failure mechanisms in polymer composite electrical connectors exposed to aggressive environmental conditions. Epoxy- and polyamide-based composites, reinforced with carbon and glass fibers, were subjected to accelerated salt spray and humidity–temperature cycles to simulate prolonged outdoor exposure. Electrochemical and environmental aging experiments revealed that chloride ions and moisture ingress were responsible for matrix …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 366–379 Read article
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Sonophotocatalytic Degradation of Scarlet Red dye using Fe-Bi2O3 Catalyst and its Process Optimization by Response Surface Methodology
Abstract: The catalyst Fe-Bi2O3 was synthesized by ultrasound irradiation and used as a catalyst for the sonophotocatalytic degradation of scarlet red dye. The synthesized catalyst were characterized by SEM, XRD and DRS. SEM image reveals the formation of nanorod structure of the catalyst, XRD reveals the size of the catalysts were in nano range and DRS shows the blue shift in optical absorption for the Fe-Bi2O3 catalyst. The Fe-Bi2O3 was identified …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 14–32 Read article
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Fabrication, Interfacial Characterization, and Superparamagnetic Properties of Fe₃O₄@γ-Fe₂O₃ Core/Shell Nanoparticle-Reinforced Chitosan Biopolymer Composites
Abstract: Magnetite/maghemite core/shell nanoparticles were prepared by alkaline co-precipitation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) precursors followed by controlled thermal oxidation at 350 °C and subsequently incorporated into chitosan at 1, 3, and 5 wt% loadings by solution casting. The resulting films were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and tensile testing. XRD showed the characteristic cubic spinel reflections …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 Read article
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Estimation of Dulling Rate and Bit Tooth Wear Using Drilling Parameters and Rock Abrasiveness
Abstract: Optimisation of the drilling operations is becoming increasingly important as it can significantly reduce the oil well development cost. One of the major objectives in oil well drilling is to increase the penetration rate by selecting the optimum drilling bit based on offset wells data, and adjust the drilling factors to keep the bit in good condition during the operation. At the same time it is important to predict the …
Published in Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 1–20 Read article